Peristylus
Peristylus, sometimes commonly known as ogre orchids or bog orchids is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It consists of over 100 known species found across much of eastern and southern Asia as well as in Australia and on many islands of the Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Description
Orchids in the genus Peristylis are terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, sympodial herbs with paired fleshy tubers and thread-like, unbranched roots. The stems are upright and unbranched. The leaves are arranged in a rosette at the base of the plants or near the centre of the stem. The flowers are resupinate, usually small, often crowded, white, green or yellowish and usually only last a few days. The dorsal sepal and petals overlap to form a hood over the column. The labellum has a spur and usually three lobes which may be short or long and threadlike. The distinguishing feature of the genus is the presence of two club-shaped projections on the stigma. In many respects, plants in this genus are similar to those in Habenaria, only differing in the structure of the column.
Taxonomy and naming
The genus Peristylus was first formally described in 1825 by Carl Ludwig Blume and the description was published in Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië . The name Peristylus is derived from the Greek words peri meaning 'around', and stylos 'column', referring to the arms on each side of the column.
Distribution
Orchids in the genus Peristylus are found in Japan, China, Mongolia, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia, New Guinea, Polynesia and Australia.
Species
, the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families accepted the following species:Peristylus affinis Seidenf. – Himalaya to S. China and Indo-ChinaPeristylus aliformis Renz & Vodonaivalu – FijiPeristylus alpinipaludosus Schuit. & de Vogel – W. New GuineaPeristylus aristatus Lindl. – Indian Subcontinent to MyanmarPeristylus balaenolabium Ormerod – SumateraPeristylus balakrishnanii Karthig., Sumathi & Jayanthi – S. Andaman IslandsPeristylus banfieldii Lavarack – N. & N.E. QueenslandPeristylus biermannianus X.H.Jin – Central & E. HimalayaPeristylus bismarckiensis P.F.Hunt – Papua New GuineaPeristylus brachyphyllus A.Rich. – S. IndiaPeristylus brassii Ormerod – W. New GuineaPeristylus brevicalcar Carr – Borneo Peristylus brevilobus Thwaites – Sri LankaPeristylus calcaratus S.Y.Hu – E. Nepal, S. China to Vietnam, TaiwanPeristylus carnosipetalus Kurzweil – N. ThailandPeristylus carolinensis Tuyama – Caroline IslandsPeristylus chapaensis Seidenf. – N. VietnamPeristylus chlorandrellus D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. – QueenslandPeristylus ciliatus Carr – Borneo Peristylus ciliolatus J.J.Sm. – New GuineaPeristylus citrinus Lindl. – MascarenesPeristylus commersonianus Lindl. – RéunionPeristylus constrictus Lindl. – Indian Subcontinent to Indo-ChinaPeristylus cryptostylus Ormerod – Society IslandsPeristylus cubitalis Kraenzl. – India to MyanmarPeristylus cymbochilus Renz – Papua New GuineaPeristylus densus Santapau & Kapadia – Indian Subcontinent to S. China, S. Korea, S. Central & S. Japan to Nansei-shotoPeristylus djampangensis J.J.Sm. – JawaPeristylus elbertii J.J.Sm. – Lesser Sunda IslandsPeristylus flexuosus S.Moore – MascarenesPeristylus formosanus T.P.Lin – Central Nansei-shoto to TaiwanPeristylus gardneri Kraenzl. – Sri LankaPeristylus goodyeroides Lindl. – Tropical & Subtrop. AsiaPeristylus gracilis Blume – Assam to Taiwan and MalesiaPeristylus grandis Blume – Thailand to New GuineaPeristylus hallieri J.J.Sm. – BorneoPeristylus hamiltonianus Lindl. – Central & E. Himalaya to ThailandPeristylus hatusimanus T.Hashim. – Japan Peristylus holochila N.Hallé – Hawaiian IslandsPeristylus holttumianus Seidenf. ex Aver. – S. VietnamPeristylus holttumii Seidenf. – S. Indo-China to Peninsula MalaysiaPeristylus hylophiloides Ormerod – PhilippinesPeristylus intrudens Ormerod – Central Nepal, Indo-China, China, C. Taiwan, Philippines Peristylus iyoensis Ohwi – E. Nepal, N. Thailand, S. Korea, S. Central & S. Japan, Central & S. TaiwanPeristylus jinchuanicus K.Y.Lang – China Peristylus kerrii Seidenf. – N. ThailandPeristylus kinabaluensis Carr – Borneo Peristylus korinchensis Ridl. – SumateraPeristylus kumaonensis Renz – W. HimalayaPeristylus lacertifer J.J.Sm. – Central Himalaya to S. Japan and W. MalesiaPeristylus lancifolius A.Rich. – S. IndiaPeristylus latilobus J.J.Sm. – E. JawaPeristylus lawii Wight – Himalaya to IndiaPeristylus listeroides P.F.Hunt – New GuineaPeristylus lombokensis J.J.Sm. – Lesser Sunda IslandsPeristylus macer P.F.Hunt – New GuineaPeristylus maculifer Renz & Vodonaivalu – Vanuatu, Fiji Peristylus maingayi J.J.Wood & Ormerod – S. Indo-China to N. QueenslandPeristylus minimiflorus N.Hallé – New Caledonia, Futuna, Cook IslandsPeristylus minimus Kurzweil & Tripetch – ThailandPeristylus monticola Seidenf. – Andaman Islands, Malesia to New GuineaPeristylus mucronatus J.J.Sm. – Maluku Peristylus nanus P.F.Hunt – New GuineaPeristylus norumbus Ormerod – Papua New GuineaPeristylus novoebudarum F.Muell. – S.W. PacificPeristylus nymanianus Kraenzl. – New GuineaPeristylus ovariophorus Carr – Borneo Peristylus pachyneuroides Renz – Papua New GuineaPeristylus pachyneurus P.F.Hunt – New GuineaPeristylus palawensis Tuyama – Caroline IslandsPeristylus parishii Rchb.f. – Indian Subcontinent to S. China and Indo-ChinaPeristylus phuwuanensis Kurzweil – N.E. ThailandPeristylus plantagineus Lindl. – India, Sri LankaPeristylus ponerostachys Ormerod – Philippines Peristylus prainii Kraenzl. – Central Himalaya to Indo-ChinaPeristylus pseudophrys Kraenzl. – Sikkim Peristylus reticulatus Ormerod – Philippines Peristylus richardianus Wight – E. Nepal, S. IndiaPeristylus rigidus Kurzweil – N. ThailandPeristylus rindjaniensis J.J.Sm. – Lesser Sunda IslandsPeristylus sahanii Kumar, G.S.Rawat & Jalal – N.E. IndiaPeristylus secundus Rathakr. – S. IndiaPeristylus setifer Tuyama – Caroline IslandsPeristylus silvicola P.F.Hunt – New GuineaPeristylus societatis N.Hallé – Society IslandsPeristylus spathulatus J.J.Sm. – BorneoPeristylus spiralis A.Rich. – S.W. India, Sri LankaPeristylus staminodiatus J.J.Sm. – SulawesiPeristylus stenodon Kores – VanuatuPeristylus stocksii Kraenzl. – W. IndiaPeristylus subaphyllus Seidenf. – CambodiaPeristylus tentaculatus J.J.Sm. – S. China to HainanPeristylus tenuicallus Ormerod – VietnamPeristylus timorensis J.J.Wood & Ormerod – Lesser Sunda IslandsPeristylus tipulifer Mukerjee – India, Central Himalaya to China and Indo-ChinaPeristylus tobensis J.J.Sm. – N. SumateraPeristylus tradescantiifolius Kores – Maluku to S.W. PacificPeristylus triaena P.F.Hunt – New Guinea to Solomon IslandsPeristylus tricallosus J.J.Sm. – SulawesiPeristylus trimenii Abeyw. – Sri LankaPeristylus umbonatus P.F.Hunt – New GuineaPeristylus unguiculatus J.J.Sm. – BorneoPeristylus wheatleyi P.J.Cribb & B.A.Lewis – VanuatuPeristylus whistleri P.J.Cribb – Samoa