Penang State Legislative Assembly


The Penang State Legislative Assembly is the legislature of the Malaysian state of Penang. It is a unicameral institution, consisting of a total of 40 elected lawmakers representing single-member constituencies throughout Penang. The state legislature, whose members are called "State Assemblymen", convenes at the Penang [State Assembly Building] in Penang's capital city of George Town. The Penang State Executive Council, the executive branch of the Penang state government, is drawn from among the State Assemblymen.
After the 2023 [Penang state election], 29 out of 40 seats are held by the Pakatan Harapan and Barisan Nasional. The PH–BN alliance thus command a supermajority in the legislature. Meanwhile, 11 seats are held by the Perikatan Nasional opposition coalition.

Seating arrangement

The seating arrangement of the Penang State Legislative Assembly is as follows.

Role

The Penang State Legislative Assembly's main function is to enact legislation and policies relating to the State List and Joint List as defined in the Federal Constitution. Its members also provide oversight on the state's executive branch of government, ensuring the state departments and agencies enforce the aforementioned legislation. Debates in the Assembly are presided over by the Speaker.
The leader of the party or coalition with a majority in the Assembly is appointed the Chief Minister by the Tuan Yang Terutama Tun Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Penang. The Chief Minister heads the state's executive, known as the State Executive Council, whose members are also drawn from the Assembly.

Committees

The State Assembly also consists of committees to handle administrative matters. The committees include:

Speakers Roll of Honour

The following is the Speaker of the Penang State Legislative Assembly Roll of Honour, since 1959:
No.SpeakerTerm startTerm endPartyConstituency
1Sulaiman Ahmad6 January 19591 April 1964Alliance Alma
1Sulaiman Ahmad25 April 196419 March 1969Alliance Alma
2Harun Sirat10 May 196931 July 1974GerakanAlma
2Harun Sirat24 August 197416 June 1978BN Bukit Tengah
3Hassan Md Noh8 July 197829 March 1982BN Penaga
4Teh Ewe Lim22 April 198219 July 1986BN Datok Keramat
5Ooi Ean Kwong3 August 19865 October 1990BN Datok Keramat
6Abdul Rahman Abbas21 October 19904 April 1995BN Bertam
7Yahaya Abdul Hamid25 April 199510 November 1999BN Pinang Tunggal
7Yahaya Abdul Hamid29 November 19992 March 2004BN Pinang Tunggal
7Yahaya Abdul Hamid21 March 200412 February 2008BN Non-MLA
8Abdul Halim Hussain8 March 200827 June 2013PR Non-MLA
9Law Choo Kiang28 June 201310 April 2018PH Bukit Tambun
9Law Choo Kiang2 August 201828 June 2023PH Non-MLA
9Law Choo Kiang29 August 2023IncumbentPH Non-MLA

Election pendulum

The 2023 Penang state election witnessed 29 governmental seats and 11 non-governmental seats filled the Penang State Legislative Assembly. The government side has 25 safe seats and 1 fairly safe seats, while the non-government side has 4 safe seats and 3 fairly safe seats.