Peeaysees First Nation
The Peeaysees Band was an enfranchised Indigenous First Nation's band of mixed-raced, Woodland Cree people's in the area of Lac La Biche, Alberta. Signed to Treaty 6 on September 9, 1876 at Fort Pitt by Chief Peeaysees, the band received annuity payments till 1885 when a majority of the band members were discharged from the treaty as a repercussion for involvement in the North-West Rebellion. After 1911 all traces of the band disappeared.
Historical Peeaysees Band
Chief Peeaysees along with his councilors Mahchahmewis and Isaac Cardinal, signed Treaty 6 on September 9, 1876 at Fort Pitt. The Peeaysees Band traditional lands were located at Lac La Biche, which the Cree historically called Wâwâskesiwisâkahikan or Elk Lake.Involvement in the North-West Rebellion
Years following the signing of Treaty 6 several of the First Nation bands were angered and disillusioned by what they considered to be dishonest and neglect by the government. Insufficient support, resources and provisions of relief assistance left many bands on the brink of starvation. In 1883 several Chiefs of Treaty 6 wrote an open letter airing their grievances and frustrations to Minister of the Interior, Sir John A. Macdonald, who was also Canada's prime minister at the time.After years of broken promises, in spring of 1885 groups of First Nation's, Metis and Half-Breed's began a resistance against the government in the North-West aptly titled the North-West Rebellion. In April 1885, also disillusioned by the governments broken promises, Chief Peeaysees and members of his Band traveled to Battle River to join contemporary Big Bear in the Rebellion.
Post Rebellion and Discharge from Treaty
After the defeat of Indian, Métis and Half-Breed rebels by the Canadians in 1885, Hayter Reed, assistant Indian Commissioner prepared ea memorandum of sweeping changes to the management of Treaty Indians.Examples of Reed's memorandum consisted of:
- Abolishing tribal system of rebel tribes in compatible with treaty
- No annuity money paid to rebel individuals/bands.
- Pass System to leave the reserve
- All half-breeds, members of rebel, although not shewn to have taken any active part in the rebellion should have their names erased from the pay-sheets
Following the discharge many members of the Peeaysees band were eligible for Half-Breed scrip due to living in the territory before Rupertsland sold to Canada. In one swoop a majority of Peeaysees band members relinquished right to their reserve lands, Indian title to Treaty and thus became Métis overnight. This tactic of Treaty Discharge by Indian Affairs did not only happened to the Peeaysees Band but also to Passpasschase, Michel Band and many other First Nation bands in and outside treaty 6.
Population
Membership for the band at one point exceeded 300 members but in 1890 the band dwindled down to only 15 members. After 1911 all traces of the Lac Lac Biche Band no. 129 disappeared from the Department of Indian Affairs year end reports. The remaining band members either died, enfranchised or were transferred to another band. With no more members the Lac La Biche Band no. 129 became defunct.| POPULATION | MEN | WOMEN | DEPENDANTS |
| 308 | 48 | 68 | 192 |
Reserve lands
In 1881 the band's reserve lands were interned to be at the southern extremity of Big Bay in Lac La Biche. The terms of Treaty 6 gave every family of five living on the reserve one square mile. Smaller families received land according to the size of their family. In 1879 the population of the band exceed 300 members with an estimated 30 families. The Peeaysees Band reserve size would have been an estimated 10,000 to 20,000 acres but Indian Affairs never provided the reserve lands.In 1999 descendants of the band launch a land claim toward the federal government.