Osteoglossomorpha

Osteoglossomorpha is a group of bony fish in the Teleostei.

Notable members

A notable member is the arapaima, the largest freshwater fish in South America and one of the largest bony fishes alive. Other notable members include the bizarre freshwater elephantfishes of family Mormyridae.

Systematics

Most osteoglossomorph lineages are extinct today. Only the somewhat diverse "bone-tongues" and two species of mooneyes remain.
The ichthyodectiform fishes from the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods were once classified as osteoglossomorphs, but are now generally recognized as stem teleosts.

Basal and incertae sedis

Genus †Coriops Estes, 1969
Genus †Harenaichthys Kim et al., 2022
Genus †Paralycoptera Chang & Chou, 1977
Genus †Jinanichthys Ma & Sun 1988
Genus †Joffrichthys Li & Wilson 1996
Genus ?†Kokuraichthys Yabumoto 2013
Genus ?†Nierrkunia Su 1992
Genus ?†Shuleichthys Murray, You & Peng 2010
Genus ?†Suziichthys Su 1992
Genus ?†Wilsonichthys Murray, Newbrey, Neumand & Brinkmand 2016
Family †Jiaohichthyidae Ma 1983
* Genus †Jiaohichthys Ma 1983
Family †Kuyangichthidae Liu, Ma & Liu, 1982
* Genus †Kuyangichthys Liu, Ma & Liu 1982
* Genus †Pulinia Ma 1983

Order †Lycopteriformes Chang & Chou 1977

Family †Juiquanichthyidae Ma, 1984
* Genus †Jiuquanichthys Ma 1984
* Genus †Changma Ma 1984
* Genus †Qilianichthys Ma 1984
Family †Lycopteridae Liu, Su, Huang & Chang, 1963
* Genus †Aokiichthys Yabumoto 1994
* Genus †Changichthys Su 1991
* Genus †Manchurichthys Saito 1936
* Genus †Neolycoptera Dolgopol de Saez 1939
* Genus †Pingolepis Chang & Chow 1974
* Genus †Tongxinichthys Ma 1980
* Genus †Yixianichthys Wu 2003
* Genus †Yungkangichthys Chang & Chou 1977
* Genus †Lycoptera Liu et al. 1963

Order Hiodontiformes McAllister 1968 sensu Taverne 1979

Genus †Chetungichthys Chang & Chou, 1977
Genus †Plesiolycoptera Zhang & Zhou 1976
Genus †Yanbiania Li 1987
Family Hiodontidae Valenciennes 1846 sensu stricto
* Genus †Eohiodon Cavender 1966
* Genus Hiodon Lesueur 1818

Order Osteoglossiformes Regan 1909 sensu Zhang 2004

Genus †Lopadichthys Murray, Zelenitsky, Brinkman & Neuman, 2018
Genus †Tanolepis Jin 1994
Genus †Wilsonichthys Murray, Newbrey, Neuman & Brinkman, 2016
Genus †Xixiaichthys Zhang 2004
Family †Huashiidae Chang & Chou, 1977
* Genus †Kuntulunia Liu, Ma & Liu 1982
* Genus †Huashia Chang & Chou 1977Suborder Pantodontoidei
* Family Pantodontidae Peters 1876
** Genus Pantodon Peters 1877Suborder Osteoglossoidei Regan 1909
* Genus †Genartina Frizzell & Dante 1965
* Genus †Monopteros Volta 1796
* Genus †Musperia Sanders 1934
* Genus †Phareoides Taverne, 1973
* Genus †Chauliopareion
* Family †Brychaetidae Bonde 1966
** Genus †Brychaetus Woodward 1901
* Family †Singididae Greenwood & Patterson 1967
** Genus †Singida Greenwood & Patterson 1967
* Family Phaerodontidae Jordan 1925a
** Genus †Phareodusichthys Gayet 1991
** Genus †Cretophareodus Li 1996
** Genus †Phareodus Leidy 1873
* Family Osteoglossidae Bonaparte 1832 sensu lato Suborder Notopteroidei Greenwood 1973
* Family †Ostariostomidae Schaeffer, 1949
** Genus †Ostariostoma Schaeffer 1949
* Superfamily Notopteroidea
** Family †Wakinoichthiidae Yabumoto 1994
*** Genus Wakinoichthys Yabumoto 1994 corrig.
** Family †Kipalaichthyidae Benveniste 1998
*** Genus †Kipalaichthys Casier 1965
*** Genus †Paradercetis Casier 1965
** Family Notopteridae Bleeker 1851
* Superfamily Mormyroidea
** Family Gymnarchidae Bleeker 1859
** Family Mormyridae Bonaparte 1832

Phylogeny

Phylogeny based on the following works: