Ordensburg
Ordensburg is a German term meaning a "castle of a order". It is used specifically for the fortified structures built by crusading German military orders during the Middle Ages.
Medieval ''Ordensburgen''
Ordensburgen were originally constructed by the Livonian Brothers of the Sword and later by the Teutonic Order to fortify territory in Prussia and Livonia captured from the native populations – Old Prussians, Lithuanians and native peoples of what is now Latvia and Estonia. Later, Ordensburgen were used to attack Lithuania.Since they were built and used by religious military orders, the Ordensburgen often resembled monasteries. While they were considerably larger than those in the Holy Roman Empire, they were much scarcer in the Monastic state of the [Teutonic Knights].
While a normal castle in the Holy Roman Empire would control about 38 km2, a castle would control 370 km2 in Prussia and 789 km2 in Livonia, Courland and Estonia. The few small castles are considered to be of vassals, while the larger ones might have served as arsenals and strongholds during the Northern Crusades. They were purpose-built to colonize the respective countries and peoples by capturing and holding territory.
Most Ordensburgen were rectangular, even quadratic in form, built from red brick and lacking a Bergfried. Many castles had no towers at all, as the bailey was considered sufficient for defence.
List of medieval ''Ordensburgen''
- Adsel - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a commandery
- Allenstein
- Alschwangen - a genuine Ordensburg
- Altona
- Angern - vassal castle
- Angerburg
- Arensburg - a bishop's castle
- Arrasch
- Ascheraden - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a commandery
- Ass - vassal castle
- Bäslack
- Balga
- Barten
- Bauske - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a bailiff
- Bebern
- Berson
- Birgelau
- Borkholm - a bishop's castle
- Brandenburg on Frisches Haff
- Burtneck - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of lower officials
- Bütow
- Caymen
- Danzig
- Dibau
- Doblen - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a commandery
- Domnau
- Dondangen - a bishop's castle
- Dorpat - a bishop's castle
- Dünaburg - a genuine order castle, seat of a commandery
- Dünamünde - a genuine order castle, seat of a commandery
- Durben
- Eckersburg
- Edwahlen - a bishop's castle
- Pokrzywno, [West Pomeranian Voivodeship|Engelsburg]
- Elbing
- Erlaa
- Ermes
- Falkenau - monastery
- Fellin - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a commandery
- Fickel - vassal castle
- Georgenburg
- Goldingen
- Gollub
- Graudenz
- Grobin - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a bailiff
- Groß Roop - a bishop's castle
- Hapsal - a bishop's castle
- Hasenpoth
- Heilsberg
- Helmat - a genuine Ordensburg
- Hochrosen
- Hofzumberg
- Holme
- Insterburg
- Jaschnitz
- Johannisburg
- Kalzenau
- Kandau
- Karkus - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a bailiff
- Kirrumpäh - a bishop's castle
- Königsberg - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order
- Kokenhusen - a bishop's castle
- Kremon - a bishop's castle
- Kyda - vassal castle
- Labiau
- Lais - a genuine Ordensburg
- Lamgraben
- Leal - built and held jointly by order and bishop
- Lemsal
- Leipe
- Lennewarden - a bishop's castle
- Lochstädt
- Loxten
- Ludsen - a genuine Ordensburg
- Lyck
- Marienburg - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a commandery
- Marienburg - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of the grand master
- Marienwerder
- Mehlsack
- Memel - a genuine Ordensburg
- Mewe
- Mohrungen
- Mojahn
- Narwa - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a bailiff
- Neidenburg
- Nessau
- Neuenburg - a genuine Ordensburg
- Neuermühlen
- Neuhausen
- Neuhausen
- Neuhausen - a bishop's castle
- Neu Kirchholm
- Neuschloß - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a bailiff
- Oberpahlen - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of bailiff
- Odenpäh - a bishop's castle
- Ortelsburg
- Ossiek
- Osterode
- Padis - monastery
- Papau
- Pernau - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a bailiff
- Peude - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a bailiff
- Pilten
- Pöddes - vassal castle
- Preußisch Holland
- Preußisch Mark
- Ragnit
- Rastenburg
- Reval - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a commandery
- Rheden
- Rhein
- Riesenburg
- Riga - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of the master of the Livonian Order
- Rössel
- Rodenpois
- Roggenhausen
- Ronneburg - a bishop's castle
- Rosenberck
- Rositten - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a bailiff
- Rujen
- Żuława, [Pomeranian Voivodeship|Saalau]
- Salis - a bishop's castle
- Schaaken
- Schlochau
- Schönberg
- Schönsee
- Schwanenburg
- Schwetz
- Seehesten
- Segewold - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of the
- Selburg - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a bailiff
- Sesswangen
- Smilten
- Soldau
- Sonnenburg - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a bailiff
- Strasburg
- Stuhm
- Tapiau
- Taplaken
- Tarwast - a genuine Ordensburg
- Terweten
- Tolsburg - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a bailiff
- Thorn - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a commandery
- Treyden - a bishop's castle
- Trikaten
- Tuchel
- Tuckum
- Türpsal - vassal castle
- Uexküll
- Villack - a bishop's castle
- Wack - vassal castle
- Waldau
- Warbeck - a bishop's castle
- Weißenstein - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a bailiff
- Welsas
- Wenden - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of the Landmeister in Livland
- Werder - vassal castle
- Wesenberg - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a bailiff
- Windau - a genuine Ordensburg, seat of a commander
- Wolkenburg
- Wolmar
- Zlotterie