Onești


Onești, formerly known as Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, is a city in Bacău County, Romania, with a population of 34,005 inhabitants as of 2021. It is situated in the historical region of Moldavia.
Administratively, the villages of Slobozia and Borzești form part of Onești.

History

The locality was documentary attested as a village on 14 December 1458. In 1952, the communist authorities decided to build a large petrochemical industrial platform and a new related city in the area of Onești and Borzești villages. Borzești, according to legend, was the birthplace of Stephen III of Moldavia. It is the site of the Borzești Church, which was built on his orders in 1493–1494.
At the death of the Communist leader Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej in March 1965, Onești was renamed Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, but the name was changed back in 1990 shortly after the Romanian Revolution.
Above the borough Malu, on the right-hand side of the river Cașin, were discovered archaeological fragments from a settlement dating from the Neolithic Age.

Demographics

At the 2011 census, Onești had 39,172 inhabitants, of which 90.29% were Romanians, 1.39% Roma, 0.53% Hungarians, and 0.13% Greeks. At the 2021 census, the city had a population of 34,005; of those, 79.75% were Romanians, and for 19.77% the ethnicity was not known.

Economy

Borzești is a neighborhood in the southeast of Onești, under separate administration until 1968. The Borzești Petrochemical Plant is located there.

Geography

Onești is located in the Tazlău-Cașin Depression of the Eastern Carpathians at an average altitude of. It lies at the confluence of the rivers Trotuș, Cașin, Oituz, and Tazlău, some southwest of the county capital, Bacău. The city is crossed by the European road E574 and by the national roads DN11A and DN12A that connect it to Bucharest, to the northern part of the country, and to Transylvania. Rail connections are made through the Căile Ferate Române network, and the proposed A13 Brașov–Bacău Motorway will link the city to the rest of Romania's highway network as a second connection to the country's major cities.

Climate

The climate of Onești is temperate-continental, with temperatures ranging from −25°C in winter to +35°C in summer, an average annual temperature of 9.3°C, and annual precipitation totaling 754 mm. The most frequent winds blow from the west and southwest. The vegetation is typical of the temperate-continental zone: coniferous and deciduous trees, climbing plants, as well as rare species found in the Perchiu Reserve, a protected natural area included in the Site of Community Importance – Dealul Perchiu.

Culture

is the patron saint of the city, whose inhabitants are predominantly Romanian Orthodox. St. Nicholas Day, 6 December, is the municipal day of Onești.
Popular tourist attractions are Perchiu Hill and the Hero Cross from atop the aforementioned hill, the Municipal History Museum, a steel monument dedicated to the Romanian national poet Mihai Eminescu, and the city park.

Mayors

  • Emil Lemnaru, 1996–2012
  • Victor-Laurențiu Neghină, 2012–2015
  • Alexandru Cristea, 2015–2016
  • Nicolae Gnatiuc, 2016–2020
  • Victor-Laurențiu Neghină, 2020–2024
  • Adrian Jilcu, 2024–2028

Notable people

Twin towns and sister cities