Oberaargau


The Oberaargau is the region that encompasses the upper watershed of the Aar River in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. On the north, lie the Jura Mountains, and on the south the hills leading to the Emmental.
Administratively, the Oberaargau forms a district within the region Emmental-Oberaargau of the canton of Bern.
Historically, the Oberaargau comprised the two administrative districts of Wangen and Aarwangen.

Geography

It lies in the extreme northeast corner of the canton and includes the districts of Aarwangen and Wangen, and part of the district of Trachselwald. It is surrounded by the cantons of Solothurn, Aargau, and Lucerne. It is connected to the rest of the canton of Bern only in the south, where it borders on the Emmenthal.
The Oberaargau lies on the Swiss Plateau between the large population centers of Bern and Zürich and has therefore become a major thoroughfare for traffic running both east and west and north and south. The Aar River traverses it from west to east, and the primary motorway of Switzerland and the main Bern-Zürich railway run through it, making it a central transport region.
The primary city is Langenthal, and the towns of Herzogenbuchsee, Wangen, and Aarwangen are important transportation centers. Since the building of the motorway, the primary economic development has taken place in the north, at the foot of the Jura Mountains, particularly in the towns of Wiedlisbach and Niederbipp.
The highest point in the Oberaargaus is the Höllchöpfli in the municipality of Rumisberg, at 1231 meters, and the lowest point is on the Aare at Wynau, at 405 meters.

Administrative district

The Oberaargau District in the Canton of Bern was created on January 1, 2010. It is part of the Emmental-Oberaargau administrative region and includes 45 municipalities over an area. As of, its population is.
BorderNamePopulation
Area in km2
Image:CHE Aarwangen COA.svg|35px|AarwangenAarwangen
Image:CHE Attiswil COA.svg|35px|AttiswilAttiswil
Image:CHE Auswil COA.svg|35px|AuswilAuswil
Image:CHE Bannwil COA.svg|35px|BannwilBannwil
Image:CHE Berken COA.svg|35px|BerkenBerken
Image:CHE Bettenhausen COA.svg|35px|BettenhausenBettenhausen
Image:CHE Bleienbach COA.svg|35px|BleienbachBleienbach
Image:CHE Busswil bei Melchnau COA.svg|35px|Busswil bei MelchnauBusswil bei Melchnau
Image:CHE Eriswil COA.svg|35px|EriswilEriswil
Image:CHE Farnern COA.svg|35px|FarnernFarnern
Image:CHE Gondiswil COA.svg|35px|GondiswilGondiswil
Image:CHE Graben BE COA.svg|35px|GrabenGraben
Image:CHE Heimenhausen COA.svg|35px|HeimenhausenHeimenhausen
Image:CHE Herzogenbuchsee COA.svg|35px|HerzogenbuchseeHerzogenbuchsee
Image:CHE Huttwil COA.svg|35px|HuttwilHuttwil
Image:CHE Inkwil COA.svg|35px|InkwilInkwil
Image:CHE Langenthal COA.svg|35px|LangenthalLangenthal
Image:CHE Lotzwil COA.svg|35px|LotzwilLotzwil
Image:CHE Madiswil COA.svg|35px|MadiswilMadiswil
Image:CHE Melchnau COA.svg|35px|MelchnauMelchnau
Image:CHE Niederbipp COA.svg|35px|NiederbippNiederbipp
Image:CHE Niederönz COA.svg|35px|NiederönzNiederönz
Image:CHE Oberbipp COA.svg|35px|OberbippOberbipp
Image:CHE Ochlenberg COA.svg|35px|OchlenbergOchlenberg
Image:CHE Oeschenbach COA.svg|35px|OeschenbachOeschenbach
Image:CHE Reisiswil COA.svg|35px|ReisiswilReisiswil
Image:CHE Roggwil BE COA.svg|35px|RoggwilRoggwil
Image:CHE Rohrbach COA.svg|35px|RohrbachRohrbach
Image:CHE Rohrbachgraben COA.svg|35px|RohrbachgrabenRohrbachgraben
Image:CHE Rumisberg COA.svg|35px|RumisbergRumisberg
Image:CHE Rütschelen COA.svg|35px|RütschelenRütschelen
Image:CHE Schwarzhäusern COA.svg|35px|SchwarzhäusernSchwarzhäusern
Image:CHE Seeberg COA.svg|35px|SeebergSeeberg
Image:CHE Thörigen COA.svg|35px|ThörigenThörigen
Image:CHE Thunstetten COA.svg|35px|ThunstettenThunstetten
Image:CHE Ursenbach COA.svg|35px|UrsenbachUrsenbach
Image:CHE Walliswil bei Niederbipp COA.svg|35px|Walliswil bei NiederbippWalliswil bei Niederbipp
Image:CHE Walliswil bei Wangen COA.svg|35px|Walliswil bei WangenWalliswil bei Wangen
Image:CHE Walterswil BE COA.svg|35px|WalterswilWalterswil
Image:CHE Wangen an der Aare COA.svg|35px|Wangen an der AareWangen an der Aare
Image:CHE Wiedlisbach COA.svg|35px|WiedlisbachWiedlisbach
Image:CHE Wynau COA.svg|35px|WynauWynau
Image:CHE Wyssachen COA.svg|35px|WyssachenWyssachen
Total

Mergers

The region was already known as the Oberaargau in the early Middle Ages. However, this concept also included the Emmenthal.
In the High Middle Ages, the area was divided among the counts of Froburg, Aarwangen, Zähringen.
As the political influence of the city of Bern increased in the late Middle Ages, the Oberaargau came more and more into its sphere of influence. In the 15th century, Bern conquered both the Oberaargau and the Unteraargau and ruled them as one.
When Bern lost its old power in 1798, the Unteraargau became the modern canton of Aargau. The boundary between the Oberaargau and Unteraargau was fixed in 1798 along the Wigger River. In 1802, however, it was shifted west to Murg river. This action was confirmed by the Act of Mediation of Napoleon in 1803 and the Congress of Vienna in 1815.