SR 290 was originally numbered as State Route 8B. SR 8B had been established as a graveled road by 1932, approximately following the alignment of the present-day highway. The route was completely paved by 1940. No major changes were made to State Route 8B during its existence. The route number remained active until the renumbering of Nevada's state highways that began on July 1, 1976. SR 8B became the present-day State Route 290 in that process, a change first seen on the 1978–1979 version of the state's highway map.