Muhammad Saeed al-Hakim


Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Muhammad-Saeed al-Tabataba'i al-Hakim was an Iraqi senior Shi'a marja, and one of the most senior Shia clerics in Iraq.
He was considered a strong nominee for the grand religious authority in Najaf, after Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani.

Biography

Al-Hakim was born in the holy city of Najaf on 1 February 1936 to Sayyid Muhammad-Ali al-Hakeem. His mother was the daughter of grand Ayatollah, Muhsin al-Hakim. His father was a nephew of the grand Ayatollah.

Education

Al-Hakim, who came from a clerical family, began his religious education at age five. Under his father, he studied in the introductory subjects that include Arabic language, and grammar; logic; eloquence; jurisprudence and its fundamentals, until concluding his intermediate studies. He studied under his maternal grandfather, the grand Ayatollah, the advanced studies, where he attended a great deal of his Jurisprudence teachings. Among his other teachers were Shaykh Hussein Al-Hilli and Sayyid Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei were also among his teachers.

Ba'thist imprisonment

In 1983, the Ba'thist regime imprisoned a large number of members of the Hakim family, including al-Hakim, and they remained there for eight years.

Assassination attempt

In 2003, he was targeted in an attempted assassination, when his house in Najaf was bombed. Three people were killed but al-Hakim suffered only minor injuries. He had previously been threatened that he would be killed if he didn't leave Najaf. Originally the Sunni fundamentalist Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad was blamed. However, the bombing has also been attributed to followers of rival Shia cleric Muqtada al-Sadr.

Religious tenure

Notable students

After reaching the advanced levels of religious studies, al-Hakim began teaching in Najaf's seminaries, and was considered an exceptional teacher. He taught many members of his family including his maternal uncles, Muhammad-Baqir and Muhammad-Husayn al-Hakim, his brothers, Abd al-Razzaq, Hasan, and Muhammad-Saleh, his sons, Riyadh, Muhammad-Husayn, Ala al-Din, and Izz al-Din, and others. As for some of his notable students, they include: Shaykh Hadi al-Radhi, Shaykh Baqir al-Irawani, Sayyid Muhammad-Ridha Bahr al-Uloom, Sayyid Amin Khalkhali.

Works

He wrote many books, some of which have been translated into Persian, Urdu, and English.Almohkem in the fundamentals of the jurisprudence - it is a detailed full course in the fundamentals of the jurisprudence in six volumes.Misbahul minhag in the jurisprudence laws derivation - based in details on the book of Minhag al saliheen. So far he finished 15 volumes.Minhag al saliheen - his Risala - practical laws of his verdicts in three volumes.Menasik – Pilgrimage and Omra Rituals.A message to the people in the westA message to the religions promoters and the hawza students - translated into Persian and Urdu.
  •  A dialogue with his eminence about the religious authorityMorshid al Moghtarib - instructions and verdicts related to the people in the west.Fi rihab al aqeeda - detailed dialogue with a Jordanian personality in the issues of beliefs, in 3 volumesReligious laws of computer and internet - translated into English.Human cloning - Translated into EnglishReligious dialoguesA message to the devotees in Azerbaijan - translated into the Azeri language.
  • ''A message to the pilgrims of the holy house of God''

Amman Message

Al-Hakim was one of the ulama signatories of the Amman Message, which gives a broad foundation for defining Muslim orthodoxy.

Personal life

Al-Hakim was married, and had five sons, and daughters. His sons all pursued clerical careers. His eldest son, Riyadh is a notable teacher at the religious seminary of Qom. His second cousin, is Iraqi politician Ammar al-Hakim.

Death

Al-Hakim died on 3 September 2021 aged 85 from a heart attack. His brother, Muhammad-Taqi led the funeral prayers in the Imam Ali shrine.