List of metric units
Metric units are units based on the metre, gram or second and decimal multiples or sub-multiples of these. According to Schadow and McDonald, metric units, in general, are those units "defined 'in the spirit' of the metric system, that emerged in late 18th century France and was rapidly adopted by scientists and engineers. Metric units are in general based on reproducible natural phenomena and are usually not part of a system of comparable units with different magnitudes, especially not if the ratios of these units are not powers of 10. Instead, metric units use multiplier prefixes that magnifies or diminishes the value of the unit by powers of ten."
The most widely used examples are the units of the International System of Units. By extension they include units of electromagnetism from the CGS and SI units systems, and other units for which use of SI prefixes has become the norm. Other unit systems using metric units include:
- International System of Electrical and Magnetic Units
- Metre–tonne–second system of units
- MKS system of units
SI units
The first group of metric units are those that are at present defined as units within the International System of Units. In its most restrictive interpretation, this is what may be meant when the term metric unit is used.The unit one is the unit of a quantity of dimension one. It is the neutral element of any system of units.
Furthermore, there are twenty-four metric prefixes that can be combined with any of these units except one and kilogram to form further units of the SI. For mass, the same prefixes are applied to the gram instead of the kilogram.
Non-SI metric units
There are several metric systems, most of which have become disused or are still used in only niche disciplines. Systems are listed with named units that are associated with them.CGS
The centimetre–gram–second system of units is based on three base units: centimetre, gram and second. Its subsystems have different defining equations for their systems of quantities for defining electromagnetic quantities and hence the associated units, with CGS-Gaussian units being selected from each of the other two subsystems.The CGS-to-SI correspondence of electromagnetic units as given was exact prior to the 2019 revision of the SI, until which the magnetic constant μ0 was defined as. As from the redefinition, μ0 has an inexactly known value when expressed in SI units, with the exactness of the electromagnetic unit correspondence given here being affected accordingly.
CGS nonelectromagnetic units
- The kayser is a unit of wavenumber equal to .
- The gal is a unit of acceleration equal to.
- The dyne is a unit of force equal to .
- The barye is a unit of pressure equal to .
- The erg is a unit of energy equal to .
- The poise is a unit of dynamic viscosity equal to .
- The stokes is a unit of kinematic viscosity equal to .
- The stilb is a unit of luminance equal to .
- The phot is a unit of illuminance equal to .
- The rayl is a unit of specific acoustic impedance, equal to 1 dyn⋅s⋅cm−3.
CGS-ESU electromagnetic units
- The statwatt is a unit of power equal to, which is equal to.
- The statcoulomb or franklin is a unit of electric charge equal to, corresponding to ~.
- The statampere is a unit of electric current equal to, corresponding to ~.
- The statvolt is a unit of electric potential difference equal to, corresponding to.
- The statohm is a unit of electric resistance equal to, corresponding to ~.
- The statsiemens or statmho is a unit of electric conductance equal to, corresponding to ~.
- The stathenry is a unit of electric inductance equal to, corresponding to ~.
- The statfarad is a unit of electric capacitance equal to, corresponding to ~.
- The statdaraf is a unit of electric elastance equal to 1/statF.
- The statweber is a unit of magnetic flux, corresponding to.
- The stattesla is a unit of magnetic flux density equal to, corresponding to.
CGS-EMU electromagnetic units
- The abwatt is a unit of power equal to, which is equal to.
- The abcoulomb is a unit of electric charge equal to, corresponding to.
- The abampere or biot is a unit of electric current, corresponding to.
- The abvolt is a unit of electric potential difference, corresponding to.
- The abohm is a unit of electric resistance, corresponding to.
- The abmho is a unit of electric conductance, corresponding to.
- The abhenry is a unit of electric inductance, corresponding to.
- The abfarad is a unit of electric capacitance, corresponding to.
- The gilbert is a unit of magnetomotive force equal to one biot-turn, corresponding to A =.
- The oersted is a unit of magnetic field strength equal to, corresponding to A/m =.
- The maxwell is a unit of magnetic flux, corresponding to.
- The gauss is a unit of magnetic flux density, corresponding to.
CGS-Gaussian electromagnetic units
- The franklin is a unit of electric charge equal to, corresponding to ~.
- The oersted is a unit of magnetic field strength equal to, corresponding to ~.
- The maxwell is a unit of magnetic flux, corresponding to.
- The gauss is a unit of magnetic flux density, corresponding to.
MTS
- The tonne is a unit of mass equal to.
- The sthène is a unit of force equal to.
- The pièze is a unit of pressure equal to.
MKS
- The cycle per second is a unit of frequency equal to.
- The MKS rayl is a unit of acoustic impedance equal to.
- The mho is a unit of electric conductance equal to.
MKpS units
- The kilogram-force, also kilopond, is a unit of force.
- The hyl is a unit of mass equal to .
- The poncelet is a unit of power equal to .
- The technical atmosphere is a unit of pressure equal to .
Other metric units
Length
- The fermi is a unit of distance used in nuclear physics equal to.
- The angstrom is a unit of distance used in chemistry and atomic physics equal to.
- The micron is a unit of distance equal to one micrometre.
- The basic module is a unit of distance equal to one hundred millimetres.
- The myriametre is a unit of distance equal to ten kilometres.
- The hebdometre is a unit of distance equal to ten megametres.
- The spat is a unit of distance equal to one terametre.
Area
- The shed is a unit of area used in nuclear physics equal to 10−24 barns.
- The outhouse is a unit of area used in nuclear physics equal to 10−6 barns.
- The barn is a unit of area used in nuclear physics equal to one hundred femtometres squared.
- The are is a unit of area equal to.
- The decare is a unit of area equal to.
- The hectare is a unit of area equal to .
Volume
- The lambda is a unit of volume equal to one cubic millimetre.
- The litre is a unit of volume equal to one cubic decimetre.
- The stere is a unit of volume equal to.
Reciprocal length
- The dioptre is a unit of optical power equal to one reciprocal metre.
Time
- The svedberg is a unit of time used in chemistry equal to one hundred femtoseconds.
- The shake is a unit of time used in nuclear physics equal to ten nanoseconds.
- The sigma is a unit of time equal to one microsecond.
- The jiffy is sometimes used to mean a unit of time of.
Reciprocal time
Reciprocal time squared
- The eotvos is a unit of gravitational gradient equal to .
Speed
- The benz is a unit of speed equal to one metre per second.
Acceleration
- The leo is a unit of acceleration equal to.
Flow rate
- The sverdrup is a unit of volume flow rate equal to one million metres cubed per second.
Mass
- The undecimogramme is a unit of mass equal to ten picograms.
- The gamma is a unit of mass equal to one microgram.
- The gravet is a unit of mass equal to one gram.
- The grave is a unit of mass equal to one kilogram.
- The bar is a unit of mass equal to one megagram.
Linear mass density
- The tex is a unit of linear mass density equal to one gram per kilometre.
- The number metric is equal to 1000 metres per kilogram.
Pressure
- The metre sea water is a unit of pressure defined as 0.1 bar, which is equal to.
- The bar is a unit of pressure equal to.
Energy
Viscosity
- The poiseuille is a unit of dynamic viscosity equal to one pascal-second.
Electrical
- The Siemens mercury unit is a unit of electric resistance, corresponding to ~.
- The gamma a unit of magnetic flux density, corresponding to.
- The debye is a unit of electric dipole moment equal to, corresponding to ~.
- The buckingham is a unit of electric quadrupole moment equal to.
Electromagnetic radiation
- The jansky is a unit of spectral irradiance equal to 10−26 W⋅m−2⋅Hz−1.
- The solar flux unit is a unit of spectral irradiance equal to 10−22 W⋅m−2⋅Hz−1.
- The nox is a unit of illuminance equal to 1 millilux.
- The nit is a unit of luminance equal to one candela per metre squared.
- The lambert is a unit of luminance equal to 104/π cd⋅m−2.
- The lumerg is a unit of luminous energy equal to lumen-seconds.
- The talbot is a unit of luminous energy equal to one lumen-second.
- The einstein has two conflicting definitions. The original is a unit of energy, equal to the energy in one mole of photons. The second is a unit of amount of photons, equal to one mole of photons.
- The rayleigh is a unit of photon flux rate density equal to 1010 m−2⋅s−1.
Radioactivity
- The rad is a unit of absorbed dose equal to.
- The roentgen equivalent man is a unit of equivalent dose equal to.
- The rutherford is a unit of radioactivity defined as one million decays per second.
Concentration
Acoustics
- The acoustic ohm is a unit of acoustic impedance equal to 1 Pa·s/m3.