Melocactus violaceus


Melocactus violaceus is a species of plant in the family Cactaceae. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are dry savanna and sandy shores. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Description

Melocactus violaceus has dark green bodies measuring 5–20 cm in height and 6–20 cm in diameter, with 5–15 ribs. It features slender, brownish spines with darker tips, often tinged with gray. Central spines are absent; radial spines number 5–8, are straight or slightly curved, and are 1.4–2.4 cm long, with the lowest reaching 3 cm. The cephalium, composed of light red bristles and white wool, is up to 6 cm tall and 3.5–8.5 cm in diameter.
The deep pink flowers emerge prominently from the cephalium, measuring 1.5–2.5 cm long and 6–14 mm wide. The fruits are 1.2–1.9 cm long and range from light pink to dark pink, lilac-pink, or white.

Subspecies

Accepted subspecies:
ImageNameDistribution
Melocactus violaceus subsp. margaritaceus Brazil
Melocactus violaceus subsp. ritteri Brazil
Melocactus violaceus subsp. violaceusBrazil

Distribution

This species is native to northeastern Brazil.

Taxonomy

It was first described in 1835 by Ludwig Georg Karl Pfeiffer. The name "violaceus" refers to the violet hue of its young thorns.