Mehedinți County


Mehedinți County is a county of Romania on the border with Serbia and Bulgaria. It is mostly located in the historical province of Oltenia, with one municipality and three communes located in the Banat. The county seat is Drobeta-Turnu Severin.
WWW prefecturamehedinti.ro

Name

The county's name is Méhed or Mehádia in Hungarian. The Romanian form originates from the first one, and a third originates from the Romanian: Mehedinc. The territory was famous for its apiaries, that's why it was named from the Hungarian méh word meaning bee.

Demographics

In 2021, it had a population of 234,339 and the population density was 48/km².
YearCounty population
1948304,788
1956304,091
1966310,021
1977322,371
1992332,091
2002306,732
2011254,570
2021234,339

Geography

This county has a total area of 4,933 km2.
In the North-West there are the Mehedinți Mountains with heights up to 1500 m, part of the Western end of the Southern Carpathians.
The heights decrease towards the East, passing through the hills to a high plain - the Western end of the Romanian Plain.
In the South the Danube flows, forming a wide valley, with channels and ponds. Another important river is the Motru River in the East side, an affluent of the Jiu River. Also, in the West side there is the Cerna River forming a passage between the Oltenia region and the Banat region.

Neighbours

Economy

The energetic sector is highly developed in the county, on the Danube being two big hydro electrical power plants. Also in NE of Drobeta-Turnu Severin there is a heavy water complex.
The predominant industries in the county are:
In the North, coal and copper are extracted.
The South is mainly agricultural, suited for growing cereals on large surfaces. Also vegetables are cultivated and there are important surfaces of wines and fruit orchards.

Tourism

The main tourist destinations are:

Politics

The Mehedinți County Council, renewed at the 2020 local elections, consists of 30 counsellors, with the following party composition:

Administrative divisions

Mehedinți County has 2 municipalities, 3 towns and 61 communes

Historical county

Historically, the county was located in the southwestern part of Greater Romania, in the western part of the historical region of Oltenia. Its capital was Târgu Jiu. The interwar county territory comprised a large part of the current Mehedinți County. At present, its territory comprises a large part of the current territory of Mehedinţi County except for the northern part belonging to Gorj County, while a small part of the former Severin County where Orsova was located is currently part of Mehedinti County.
It was bordered on the west by the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, in the northwest by Severin County, to the north by Hunedoara County, to the east by the counties of Gorj and Dolj, and in the south by the Kingdom of Bulgaria.

Administration

The county was originally divided into four administrative districts :
  1. Plasa Câmpul
  2. Plasa Cloșani, headquartered at Cloșani
  3. Plasa Motru, headquartered at Motru
  4. Plasa Ocolul, headquartered at Turnu Severin
Subsequently, Plasa Câmpul was disbanded and replaced with five more districts:
  1. Plasa Bâcleș, headquartered at Bâcleș
  2. Plasa Broșteni, headquartered at Broșteni
  3. Plasa Cujmir, headquartered at Cujmiru
  4. Plasa Devesel, headquartered at Devesel
  5. Plasa Vânju Mare, headquartered at Vânju Mare

Population

According to the 1930 census data, the county population was 303,878 inhabitants, ethnically divided as follows: 98.7% Romanians, 1.2% Romanis, as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the population was 99.0% Eastern Orthodox, 0.5% Roman Catholic, 0.2% Jewish, as well as other minorities.

Urban population

In 1930, the county's urban population comprised 91.3% Romanians, 2.5% Germans, 1.3% Romanies, 1.3% Jews, 1.1% Serbs and Croats, as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the urban population was composed of 92.9% Eastern Orthodox, 4.3% Roman Catholic, 1.5% Jewish, 0.4% Greek Catholic, 0.4% Lutheran, as well as other minorities.