May 1935

[May 1], 1935 (Wednesday)

• The Digor earthquake in eastern Turkey killed 540 people.
• The U.S. Senate voted to extend the National Recovery Administration another 10 months.
• The Federal Music Project was enacted in the United States.
• Died: Antero Rubín, 84, Spanish general and politician

  [May 2], 1935 (Thursday)

• The Franco-Soviet Treaty of Mutual Assistance was signed.
• The stage musical Glamorous Night premiered at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane in London.
• Born: Lance LeGault, actor, in Chicago, Illinois

  [May 3], 1935 (Friday)

• A worldwide peace broadcast, the first of its kind, was held to honor Jane Addams. Representatives of Britain, Japan, Russia and France gathered in Washington's McPherson Square to introduce speakers broadcasting from their respective countries. Addams herself participated by speaking from a radio broadcasting studio as well.

  [May 4], 1935 (Saturday)

• An automobile carrying Jackie Coogan and four other people plunged off a road and into a creek east of San Diego. Coogan survived with minor injuries but everyone else was killed, including Jackie's father, filmmaker Robert J. Horner and the actor Junior Durkin.
• French Prime Minister Pierre-Étienne Flandin broke his left arm in an automobile collision driving to his home. His wife and son-in-law were also injured.
• Omaha won the Kentucky Derby.
• Castleford defeated Huddersfield 11-8 to win the Challenge Cup of rugby before 39,000 at Wembley Stadium.
• Born: Med Hondo, Mauritanian-born French voice actor and filmmaker
• Died: Junior Durkin, 19, American actor ; Robert J. Horner, 40, American film producer, director and screenwriter

  [May 5], 1935 (Sunday)

• Parliamentary elections were held in Yugoslavia; the Yugoslav National Party won 303 of 370 seats.
• Former Greek Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos and general Nikolaos Plastiras were sentenced in absentia to death for their roles in the Greek coup d'état attempt.
• Latvia defeated Spain 24-18 in the championship final of the first-ever FIBA European Championship basketball tournament.

  [May 6], 1935 (Monday)

• Silver Jubilee celebrations for King George V began across the British Empire. The King and Queen attended a service at St Paul's Cathedral.
• TWA Flight 6 crashed in bad weather near Atlanta, Missouri.
• Died: Bronson M. Cutting, 46, United States Senator

  [May 7], 1935 (Tuesday)

• Italy mobilized three more divisions.
• Liberia had a constitutional referendum alongside general elections. The referendum confirmed special legislation approving a term extension for the President.
• Born: Isobel Warren, author and journalist, in Canada

  [May 8], 1935 (Wednesday)

• Amelia Earhart flew nonstop from Mexico City to Newark, New Jersey in a record 14 hours, 22 minutes and 50 seconds. She was the first pilot to fly that route without stopping along the way.

  [May 9], 1935 (Thursday)

• The British government ordered aircraft manufacturers to increase their production to the fullest capacity and not to fill any foreign orders for aircraft without the Air Ministry's approval.
• The John Ford-directed drama film The Informer was released.

  [May 10], 1935 (Friday)

• King George V and Queen Mary surprised their subjects by riding around the poorer districts of South London unannounced. The royal car was mobbed at several crossings by cheering crowds.

  [May 11], 1935 (Saturday)

• Nazi Germany ordered that all new or altered buildings would be required to consult the Air Protection League on the possibility of constructing bomb- and gas-proof cellars.
• Omaha won the Preakness Stakes.
• Born: Doug McClure, actor, in Glendale, California

  [May 12], 1935 (Sunday)

• King George and Queen Mary made another surprise visit to poorer districts of London, this time in the East.
• Born: Felipe Alou, baseball player and manager, in Haina, Dominican Republic; Johnny Bucyk, ice hockey player, in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Gary Peacock, jazz double bassist, in Burley, Idaho
• Died: Józef Piłsudski, 67, Polish general and statesman

  [May 13], 1935 (Monday)

• Pan American Airways opened regular flights from San Francisco to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
• T. E. Lawrence was seriously injured in a motorcycle accident in Dorset.
• The horror film Werewolf of London was released.
• Born: Luciano Benetton, member of the Benetton family and co-founder of the Benetton Group, in Treviso, Italy

  [May 14], 1935 (Tuesday)

• The Constitution of the Philippines was ratified by popular vote.
• The Berne Trial ended in Switzerland with the court determining The Protocols of the Elders of Zion to be a hoax. Two Nazis were found guilty of libel for distributing it.
• Benito Mussolini made a senate speech warning other nations not to intervene in the Abyssinia Crisis, saying that only Italy "can be the judge in this most delicate matter."
• Died: Magnus Hirschfeld, 67, German-Jewish physician and sexologist

  [May 15], 1935 (Wednesday)

• The Moscow Metropolitan subway officially opened for public operation. Joseph Stalin made a speech thanking the men and women who completed the subway in record time.
• Italian newspapers began a campaign of words clearly meant to justify an Italian invasion and takeover of Ethiopia. Il Giornale d'Italia wrote that Ethiopia had an "incapacity to comprehend and assimilate the elementary values of civilization", making it necessary for the country to undergo "an organization which will deprive it of the possibility of menacing any more neighboring colonies – above all, Italian interests which have been attacked."
• Gustaaf Deloor of Belgium won the 1st first Vuelta a España bicycle race.

  [May 16], 1935 (Thursday)

• The Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia signed a mutual assistance pact.
• Born: Floyd Smith, ice hockey player, in Perth, Ontario, Canada

  [May 17], 1935 (Friday)

• The body of Józef Piłsudski was taken by train to Kraków for burial after a funeral service in St. John's Archcathedral in Warsaw.
• Vivien Leigh signed a record £50,000 film contract in Britain.
• Born: Ryke Geerd Hamer, physician, in Mettmann, Germany ; Dennis Potter, television dramatist, screenwriter and journalist, in Berry Hill, Gloucestershire, England
• Died: Paul Dukas, 69, French composer, critic, scholar and teacher

  [May 18], 1935 (Saturday)

• The Soviet airliner Tupolev ANT-20 Maxim Gorky collided with a stunt plane and exploded over Moscow, killing 49. It was the worst air disaster involving a passenger plane in history up to that time.
• Serfdom was abolished in Ethiopia.
• Lithuanian President Antanas Smetona commuted the sentences of four Memel Nazis from death to life imprisonment. They had been convicted in March of plotting an uprising. Their aim had been to separate Memel from Lithuania.

  [May 19], 1935 (Sunday)

• Parliamentary elections were held in Czechoslovakia. The Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants won a plurality of 45 seats, one more than the newly established Sudeten German Party.
• John Fisher and Thomas More were canonized by Pope Pius XI.
• The first section of the Reichsautobahn, connecting Frankfurt and Heidelberg, was opened by Hitler in Darmstadt.
• The Catholic War Veterans of the United States of America was incorporated in the State of New York.
• Born: David Hartman, journalist and media host, in Pawtucket, Rhode Island
• Died: T. E. Lawrence, 46, British archaeologist, military officer and diplomat; Charles Martin Loeffler, 74, German-born American violinist and composer

  [May 20], 1935 (Monday)

• Haile Selassie sent his most strongly-worded telegram yet to the League of Nations, saying "It is patent that Italy is illegally occupying an important part of Ethiopian territory. She has recently initiated a campaign of propaganda to endeavor to justify her occupation of Ethiopian territory as a mission of civilization, and her aggression and rapacity against our people as the treatment due a barbarous nation. No agreement will be possible by diplomatic means to arrange for a genuinely impartial examination in Italy's present state of mind."
• The Roger Babson statistical organization announced the results of a survey that indicated Franklin D. Roosevelt would win re-election in 1936, although nearly half of those surveyed said they had lost confidence in the New Deal.
• Born: José Mujica, 40th President of Uruguay, in Montevideo

  [May 21], 1935 (Tuesday)

• The Reichstag convened for just the fifth time since the Nazi takeover. Hitler gave a speech outlining a 13-point plan for disarmament and improvement of international relations, though he remained adamant that Germany would only limit the size of its military to the same degree that other nations did.
• Germany passed a new conscription law providing for one year of military service for all males between 18 and 45.
• The Reichswehr was renamed the Wehrmacht.
• The U.S. Supreme Court decided Sinclair & Carrol Co. v. Interchemical Corp.
• Died: Jane Addams, 74, social worker, public philosopher, writer and activist

  [May 22], 1935 (Wednesday)

• Stanley Baldwin, admitting that Britain faced a "time of emergency", told the House of Commons that the Royal Air Force would be tripled in size over the next two years to give it 1,500 aircraft by 1937, the same number that Germany said it intended to have. Baldwin acknowledged Hitler's speech of the previous day by saying its proposals would "receive the fullest and fairest consideration."
• President Roosevelt vetoed the Patman Bonus Bill. The president appeared before the House and gave his reasons for doing so, warning that it invited "an ultimate reckoning in uncontrollable prices and in the destruction of the value of savings, that will strike most cruelly those like the veterans who seem to be temporarily benefited." The House then voted to override the presidential veto, 322 to 98, sending it back to the Senate.
• Germany called up all able-bodied males born in 1914 and 1915 for medical examinations starting June 1, for military service beginning November 1.
• Born: Barry Rogers, salsa musician and jazz fusion trombonist, in the Bronx, New York