List of active separatist movements in North America

Criteria

1. They are active movements with active members.
2. They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region.
3. They are citizens / people of the conflict area and do not come from another country.

• Proposed state: proposed name for a seceding [sovereign state.
• Proposed autonomous area: for movements towards greater autonomy for an area but not outright secession.
• * De facto autonomous government: for governments with de facto autonomous control over a region.
• * Government-in-exile: for a government based outside of the region in question, with or without control.
• * Political party : for political parties involved in a political system to push for autonomy or secession.
• * Militant organisation: for armed organisations.
• * Advocacy group: for non-belligerent, non-politically participatory entities.
• * Ethnic / ethnoreligious / racial / regional / religious group.

Antigua and Barbuda

• Proposed state: Independence for Barbuda or federalism
• *Political parties: Barbuda People's Movement

Belize

• Ethnic group: Maya peoples
• * Proposed: autonomy for Maya peoples in southern Belize
• * Political party: Maya Leaders Alliance

Canada

• Proposed: Independence for Alberta or unification with the
• * Political parties: Independence Party of Alberta, Wildrose Independence Party of Alberta, Republican Party of Alberta

• Ethnic group: Blackfoot
• * Proposed: independence for Blackfoot Confederacy
• Proposed state: British Columbia
• *Political party: Progressive Nationalist Party of British Columbia, BC Independence Party

• Proposed: independence for Northeast British Columbia

• Proposed: Breaking Cape Breton Island off from or have autonomy
• Proposed: Independence or Sovereignty for Cascadia
• * Advocacy group: Cascadia Department of Bioregion

• Ethnic group:Haida
• *Proposed: independence for Council of the Haida Nation
• *Advocacy group: Council of the Haida Nation

• Ethnic group: Heiltsuk
• * Proposed: self determination for Heiltsuk Nation
• Ethnic group: Inuit, Innu and Labradorians
• * Proposed: Splitting Labrador as an independent Province

• Proposed: independence for Newfoundland

• Proposed: Splitting Northern Ontario out as an independent Province
• * Political party: Northern Ontario Party

• Proposed: statehood for Northwestern Ontario

• Ethnic group: Inuit
• * Proposed: autonomy for Nunavik

• Proposed state: Nuxalk Nation
• *Advocacy group: Nuxalk Nation
• Proposed: Independence for Quebec or autonomy
• * Civil organization: Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society, Mouvement national des Québécois et des Québécoises, Rassemblement pour l'indépendance du Québec, Les Intellectuels pour la souveraineté, Mouvement de libération nationale du Québec, Réseau de Résistance du Québécois
• * Political parties : Parti Québécois, Bloc Québécois, Québec solidaire, Communist Party of Canada, Marxist–Leninist Party of Quebec, Climat Québec
• * Political parties : Coalition Avenir Québec, Équipe Autonomiste
• Proposed: Independence for Saskatchewan
• * Political party: Buffalo Party of Saskatchewan

• Proposed: Breaking Vancouver Island off from British Columbia to create a new province or independence

• Proposed state: West Canada
• * Political party: Maverick Party, Wildrose Independence Party of Alberta, Buffalo Party of Saskatchewan

Colombia

• Proposed state or autonomous area: Raizal State
• * Advocacy group: Archipelago Movement for Ethnic Native Self-Determination

Costa Rica

• Proposed: independence for Limón Province
• * Advocacy group: Limón Soberano

Cuba

• Ethnic group: Mestizo
• * Proposed: independence or greater autonomy for Isla de la Juventud

Denmark

• Ethnic group: Greenlandic Inuit, Danish Greenlanders, others
• Proposed: Independence for Greenland
• * Political parties: Inuit Ataqatigiit, Siumut, Naleraq and Nunatta Qitornai.

Dominican Republic

• Proposed state: República del Cibao or autonomy
• * Advocacy group: MiCibao

France

• Proposed state: Republic of Guadeloupe
• * Political parties: United Guadeloupe, Solidary and Responsible, Progressive Democratic Party of Guadeloupe
• * political party : Guadeloupe Communist Party
• Proposed state: Republic of Martinique
• * Political party: Martinican Independence Movement, Build the Martinique Country, Péyi-A
• * political party : Martinican Progressive Party

Grenada

• Proposed: greater autonomy for Carriacou and Petite Martinique

Haiti

• Proposed state: Gonâve Island or autonomy
• * Advocacy group: La Gonâve en avant Jatibonicu Taino Tribal Nation

• Proposed: autonomy for south Haiti

Honduras

• Ethnic group: Garifuna
• * Proposed: autonomy for the Garifuna
• * Political party: Organización Fraternal Negra Hondureña

Mexico

• Ethnic group: Mayans, Tzotzil
• De facto autonomous area: Rebel Zapatista Autonomous Municipalities
• * Militant organization: Zapatista Army of National Liberation

• Ethnic group: Triqui
• Proposed autonomous area: Oaxaca
• * Militant organization: Movement for Triqui Autonomy

• Ethnic groups: Norteño people
• Proposed state: Aridoamerican Confederacy
• * Advocate group: Proyecto Aridoamerica A.C. Partido Aridoamericano
• Proposed state: Royal Republic of Nuevo León
• *Advocacy group: National Anti-AMLO Front

• Proposed: independence for Baja California
• * Advocacy group: Sí Baja California

Netherlands

• Proposed: Independence for Curaçao
• * Political parties: Movement for the Future of Curaçao, Sovereign People
• *Referendums: 1993 and 2005
• Proposed: Independence for Aruba
• * Political party: People's Electoral Movement (Aruba)
• *Referendum: 1977
• Proposed: Independence, autonomy or unification with Saint Martin
• * Political party: Unified Resilient St. Maarten Movement
• *Referendums: 1994 and 2000
• Proposed: independence or autonomy for
• * Political party: Bonaire Democratic Party
• Proposed: independence for
• * Advocacy group: People's Party for Freedom and Democracy

Nicaragua

• Ethnic group: Miskito people
• Proposed: Greater autonomy or Independence for Miskitu
• * Political party: General Assembly of the Council of Elders

Panama

• Ethnic group: Guna people
• * Proposed: Establishment of a second Guna reserve
• * Advocates: Guna people

• Ethnic group: Bribri people
• * Proposed: autonomy for the Bribri people in the Bocas del Toro Province
• * Advocacy group: Consejo General del Territorio Bribri

Saint Kitts and Nevis

• Proposed: Greater autonomy for Nevis
• * Political parties: Nevis Reformation Party, Concerned Citizens' Movement

Trinidad and Tobago

• Proposed: Greater autonomy or independence for Tobago
• * Political party: Tobago Organisation of the People,Progressive Democratic Patriots,Tobago Forwards, One Tobago Voice

United States

• Ethnic group: Alaskan Creoles, Alaska Natives, Americans, Russian Americans
• Proposed state: Republic of Alaska
• * Political party: Alaskan Independence Party
• Ethnic group: Chicano Movement, Chicano
• Proposed: Greater autonomy for Aztlán
• * Advocacy groups: MEChA, Freedom Road Socialist Organization, which calls for self-determination for the Chicano nation in Aztlan up to and including the right to secession.
• Proposed state or autonomous area: Second Californian Republic / "New" California or autonomy
• * Ethnic group: Californios, Indigenous Californians
• * Advocacy groups: Yes California, Californians for Independence
• * Political parties: California National Party, California Freedom Coalition
• Proposed: Independence or Sovereignty for Cascadia
• * Advocacy group: Cascadia Department of Bioregion

• Religious group: Mormons
• Proposed state or autonomous region: Deseret
• * Advocacy groups: Deseret nationalists (#DezNat)
• Proposed: Independence for Florida
• * Ethnic group: Floridanos and other Hispanics and Latinos in Florida, Portuguese, Haitians, Other West Indies People, Indigenous peoples of Florida
• * Political Party: Independent Party of Florida
• Ethnic group: French, African Americans
• * Proposed state:
• * Advocacy group: Free Louisiana

• Proposed states and/or autonomous regions: Multiple
• * Advocacy groups: Lakota Freedom Movement, Mohawk Warrior Society, American Indian Movement, American Indian Movement of Colorado, International Indian Treaty Council, Red Power movement

• Ethnic group: African Americans
• Proposed state or autonomous region: Republic of New Afrika
• * Advocacy group: Pan-Africanists Black Radical Congress, Moorish sovereign citizens, Nuwaubian Nation, Huey P. Newton Gun Club, Black Lives Matter
• * Political parties: New Black Panther Party, African People's Socialist Party, Not Fucking Around Coalition, Black Hammer Party, Revolutionary Black Panther Party, Black Riders Liberation Party, Washitaw Nation
• Inhabitant group: New Englanders
• * Proposed state:
• * Advocacy group: New England Independence Campaign
• Inhabitant: New Hampshirites
• * Proposed state:
• * Movement: NHEXIT

• Proposed state or autonomous region: Confederate States of America or Southern United States or Dixie or Dixieland
• * Advocacy groups: League of the South, other neo-Confederate and non-confederate southern separatist groups.
• Proposed state or autonomous area: Republic of Texas
• * Inhabitant group: Americans, Tejanos
• * Advocacy groups: Texas Nationalist Movement, Republic of Texas (group)
• Proposed state or autonomous area: Vermont Republic
• * Political party: Vermont Independence Party Green Mountain Anarchist Collective
• * Advocacy group: Second Vermont Republic

Territories

• Proposed: Independence, statehood, autonomy, independence under free association or reunification with Spain as an autonomous community
• * Political party: Puerto Rican Independence Party
• *Advocacy groups: Nationalist Party of Puerto Rico,Hostosian National Independence Movement, Socialist Front, Movimiento Puertorriqueño Reunificacionista con España
• * Militant organization: Boricua Popular Army, Cadets of the Republic

• Proposed: Republic of the Virgin Islands or greater autonomy for the United States Virgin Islands or unification with the British Virgin Islands
• * Political party: Independent Citizens Movement

United Kingdom

• Proposed: greater autonomy or independence for

• Proposed state: Bermuda
• * Political party: Progressive Labour Party (Bermuda), One Bermuda Alliance, Gombey Liberation Movement

• Proposed state Cayman Islands
• * Political party: People’s Progressive Movement
• Proposed state:
• * Advocacy group: National Independence Steering Committee

• Ethnic group: people of the British Virgin Islands
• * Proposed state: Republic of the Virgin Islands
• * Political party: Progressive Virgin Islands Movement