List of Spanish words of Basque origin

List

• abarca "sandal" . The word was loaned in Mozarabic and even in Arab pargha/''bargha and from here to Spanish alpargata.
• abertzale / aberzale "Basque patriot, Basque nationalist". Recent loanword as it is a Basque neologism from the 19th century.
• agur "goodbye" .
• aizcolari. Recent loanword.
• alud "avalanche ", from Basque elurte or uholde, olde "flood; avalanche" ; elurte is a blend of elur "snow" and lurte "landslide".
• angula "elver (juvenile eel)", from Basque angula, from Lat anguilla "eel"
• aquelarre "witche's sabbath"
• ardite "money of little value", fr. Basque dial. ardít "farthing", fr. Gascon ardit, fr. English farthing.
• ascua "embers"
• azcona "dart"
• barranco "ravine, deep gorge", from Basque barneko, barrenko "deep down, deep inside", from barren, barne "bottom, inside ", superlatives of barru "inside, interior".
• batúa
• becerro "yearling calf", fr OSp bezerro "bullock". Alternatively, Coromines has OSp bezerro from *ibicirru, fr ibex, ibicis "mountain goat", although this is semantically and phonetically dubious.
• boina "beret". Modern loanword from Basque. For the Basque word Coromines and Pascual propose it came from Romance, from LL abonnis, obbonis "bandana, cap", supposedly from Gothic *obbundi, compound of *obe "above" and *bundi.
• bruces, caer de "headlong, to fall". Uncertain. According to Coromines the original was "de buzos" / "de buces", which may be related with "bozo", which may come from Lat. bocca.
• cachorro "puppy" ; also Southern Corsican ghjacaru 'dog', Sardinian giagaru 'dog, hound'. Ousted now dialectal cadillo 'puppy', but in standard Spanish only having the sense of "bur-parsley".
• calimotxo "a type of punch ". Recent loanword
• carrasca "kermes oak", from Basque karraska "thunder, crash of falling tree".
• cencerro "cowbell"
• chabola "shack"
• chacolí, type of basque wine. Recent loanword
• chamorro "close-cropped"
• chaparro "dwarf oak"
• chaparrón..
• chapela, type of basque cap. Recent loanword.
• charro "crude", charrán "rogue, scamp"
• chasco. Dubious. Coromines concludes that it is an onomatopoeia.
• chatarra "scrap iron"
• chirimbolo "circular slice"
• chirimiri "drizzle", from Basque zirimiri.
• chistera "top hat", from Basque txistera, from Latin cistella "little basket, fish basket".
• chorro "jet, stream, gushing", from Basque txurru "torrent, waterway"
• churre "thick grease"
• cococha "cod's chin"
• conejo "rabbit", from Lat cuniculus, from Proto-Basque *unči ; alternatively, from Hispano-Celtic *cun-icos 'little dog'
• ertzaina, "basque policeman", ertzaintza, "basque police". Recent loanwords.
• farra "loud party" .
• gabarra
• gamarra "halter"
• ganzúa "lockpick"
• garrapata "tick" ; also Gascon gaparra "furze/gorse grove", Catalan paparra "tick, lice; licebane, stavesacre ", Portuguese carrapato "tick", Aragonese caparra "tick"
• guijarro "pebble" . Or rather a tautological compound made of Sp guija "pebble, small stone" + Basque arri "pebble, stone", from Old Spanish aguija, from Latin .
• ikastola, "Basque language school". Recent loanword
• izquierdo, -a "left". Ousted Old Spanish siniestro, from Latin sinister.
• jorguín "sorcerer"
• laya "spade"
• legaña, fr OSp lagaña
• lurte "avalanche".
• madroño "strawberry tree", from Basque mart-, as in martotx "bramble", martsuka ~ martuts ~ martuza "blackberry". For similar development, compare Galician amorogo, Portuguese morango "strawberry", both from amora "blackberry; bramble". Ousted dialectal borto, from OSp alborço, from Lat arbuteus
• mochil, -a
• mogote "isolated mound"
• moño "bun, topknot", muñón "stump", muñeca "wrist", all from *mūnn- "lump, bump"
• morena "stack of harvested grain"
• muérdago "mistletoe", fr. OSp mordago, from *muir-tako . Inherited visco only has the meaning "birdlime".
• narria "sledge"
• nava "marshy valley, treeless plain"
• órdago "Mus card game expression pronounced when you win"
• parranda "party, shindig, jamboree" from Basque farra/parra "laugh"
• pelotari, "player of Pelota". Recent loanword
• pestaña "eyelash", from *pistanna, from Proto-Basque *pist-
• pitarra, pitaña "rheum"
• pizarra "slate"; problematic. Many attempts to explain as of Basque origin, but as Trask points the related Basque word seems better explained as a foreign loanword in Basque. Alternative attempts point to a reinterpretation of lapitz-arri , and misdivided as "la-pitzarri" according to the Spanish article la.
• sapo "toad". Rivals inherited escuerzo, from Lat scorteus "rough surface".
• sarna "scabies", from Medieval Latin, but as serna attested in Theodorus Priscianus. Trumper, however, after studying the variants of the word in the Latin medical treatises, proposes a Hispano-Celtic origin; cf. Middle Welsh sarn "mess" and sarnaf "to wreck".
• sarro "tooth plaque" ; however, DRAE derives it from Latin saburra "grit, sand", despite the fact this word actually gave sorra.
• silo "cave, granary pit" ; or, less likely, from Hispano-Celtic *silon "seed".
• sirimiri, see chirimiri.
• socarrar "to scorch" "flames, fire", fr. su "fire" and karr "flame"
• soca-tira, "tug-of-war". Recent loanword, from Basque soka "rope" + Fr tirer "to pull".
• toca "headdress", perhaps from *tauca.
• vega "river-plain; water meadow", from OSp vayca, from Basque bai "river" + relational suffix -ko.
• zamarra/chamarra "sheepskin jacket"
• zanca "bird leg, slim leg", zanco "stilt". Despite similarity with Italian zanca, the latter is from Lombardic zanka "tong".
• zarrio "gaudy, garish", Andalusian doublet of charro.
• zarza "bramble", fr OSp çarça, fr early Basque çarzi . Ousted Old Spanish rubo, from Lat rubus.
• zatico/zatillo "piece of bread"
• zorra "fox", from Portuguese zorra "dray; sly fox", from zorro "idle", from obsolete zorrar "to lag, drag", from Basque zuhur "clever, sly; cautious, discreet", akin to Occitan mandra "fox", from adjective mandre, -a "wily". Ousted raposa, literally, "bushy "; inherited volpe still retained in Galician, volp in Old Catalan, and vulpeja "vixen" in Spanish.
• zulo "hole". Recent loanword
• zurdo "left-handed"
• zurrón "sack"

Names

Forenames

• Íñigo, from Eneko, derived from the Old Basque name Enneco, which means "my little dear", from ene + ko.
• Iñaki, a neologism created by Sabino Arana meaning Ignatius, to be a Basque name analog to "Ignacio" in Spanish, "Ignace" in French, and "Ignazio" in Italian, and an alternative to the names Eneko and Iñigo.
• Javier, from a placename possibly derived from Basque etxe berri, meaning 'new house' or 'new home'.
• Jimeno, Ximeno, Chemene, Exemeno, from Ximen, a variant of the medieval Basque given name Semen, root seme < senbe 'son' as found in the ancient Aquitanian name Sembetten, attested form "sehi" as 'child', hypothetical ancient root *seni
• Sancho, from Santxo, derived from Latin name Sanctius, which, in turn, derived from sanctus, meaning "holy".
• Vasco, Velasco, derived from Basque "belasko", 'small raven'