List of Jewish mysticism scholars
Academic-historical research into Jewish mysticism is a modern multi-discipline university branch of Jewish studies. It studies the texts and historical contexts of Judaic mysticism using objective historical-critical methods of Religious studies, such as Philology, History of ideas, Social history and Phenomenology. The historical development of Jewish mysticism under study covers the range of phases, forms and expressions, from early Rabbinic Merkabah mysticism, through Medieval Hasidei Ashkenaz and Classical Kabbalah, early-modern Safed Kabbalah and Sabbateanism, to modern Hasidism and 20th century expressions. It is often seen as a parallel field to academic research into rationalist Jewish philosophy, though some scholars contribute in both areas. In Israel both subjects, together with Ethical literature, share the umbrella department of Jewish thought.
Historical research into Jewish mysticism was first prepared by the 19th century Wissenschaft des Judentums school, whose historiography ignored, opposed or downplayed Kabbalah. The founding of the present flourishing University discipline is attributed to Gershom Scholem and his school in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in the 20th century, whose historiography positioned Jewish mysticism as a mainstream vitalising source in the centre of Jewish development. A second generation of scholars are today found in Israel, the United States and Europe. The field is broadly divided into three camps:
- Professors/researchers of Jewish mysticism/thought in academia, who study Jewish mysticism through its internal textual development
- Professors/researchers of Jewish history/society in academia, who contribute to the study of Jewish mysticism through its external social contexts
- Independent historian researchers outside of Universities, who follow a religious historiography, but use the scholarly academic apparatus of research, sourcing and presentation. This research is most common in relation to Hasidism, due to its social popularisation of Kabbalah. These works are not usually cited in the critical-methodology of academia, but work is being done to examine their findings
Prelude historians of Judaism before Scholem
- Aaron ben David Hayyun
- Heinrich Graetz
- Jewish Encyclopedia 1901-1906
- Simon Dubnow
- Moses Gaster
- Isaac Broyde
- Adolf Jellinek
Academic scholars of Jewish mysticism/thought
Israel
- Gershom Scholem
- Martin Buber
- Joseph Dan
- Moshe Idel
- Yehuda Liebes
- Rachel Elior
- Boaz Huss
- J. H. Chajes
- Jonathan Garb
United States
- Abraham Joshua Heschel
- Alexander Altmann
- Elliot Wolfson
- Arthur Green
- Norman Lamm
- Allan Nadler
- Daniel C. Matt
- Shaul Magid