Keteleeria


Keteleeria is a genus of three species of coniferous trees in the family Pinaceae first described as a genus in 1866.
The genus name Keteleeria honours J.B. Keteleer, a French nurseryman. The group is related to the genera Nothotsuga and Pseudolarix. It is distinguished from Nothotsuga by the much larger cones, and from Pseudolarix by the evergreen leaves and the cones not disintegrating readily at maturity. All three genera share the unusual feature of male cones produced in umbels of several together from a single bud, and also in their ability, very rare in the Pinaceae, of being able to coppice.
The genus is found in southern China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, northern Laos, and Vietnam.
They are evergreen trees reaching tall. The leaves are flat, needle-like, long and broad. The cones are erect, long, and mature in about 6–8 months after pollination; cone size and scale shape is very variable within all three species.
The variability of the cones has led in the past to the description of several additional species, but most authorities now only accept three species. Flora of China, however, recognized five.

Phylogeny

The World Checklist maintained by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew accepts the following:
;Species
;formerly included
moved to Abies

Fossil record

The earliest record of the genus is from the Early Cretaceous of China.
Fossil pollen of Keteleeria caucasica have been recovered from strata of the Late Miocene in Georgia in the Caucasus region. Undescribed Keteleeria sp. fossils are known from the early Pleistocene of southern Portugal and the Coldwater Beds in the Early Eocene Okanagan Highlands of Canada. Named species based on cones, leaves, pollen, seeds, and wood have been described from Cretaceous through Pliocene sediments in Europe, North America and Asia.
Several fossil species were formerly included in Keteleeria but have been moved: