Karasor Basin


The Karasor Basin or Karasor Depression, is a depression in Karkaraly District, Karaganda Region, Kazakhstan.
The Karasor Basin includes a Important Bird Area.

Geography

The Karasor Depression is an endorheic basin in the Kazakh Uplands. It extends roughly from east to west for a length of approximately to the southeast of the Ayr and Zheltau ranges, and north of the Karkaraly Range and the Kyzyltas. Fourteen rivers flow into the basin, the largest of which are the long Taldy and the long Zharly. The Karasor Basin is covered in snow approximately between October and April every year. Most rivers and rivulets flow only following the melting of the snows, breaking up into disconnected pools or drying out completely during the summer.
Karasor, the largest lake, lies in a central position at the bottom of the depression. There are three other major lakes in the basin, Saumalkol, Katynkol and Balyktykol, as well as numerous smaller lakes and sors. The water of all the lakes is saline; Saumalkol in the west is a dead lake, having the highest salt concentration, while Balyktykol has the lowest. The salinity of Karasor and Taldykol exceeds the values of average sea water. Parts of the depressions between the surrounding hills are occupied by salt pans.

Ancient lake

Karasor was a much larger lake in the past. There are traces of high water levels reaching in the banks of Karasor and adjacent Saumalkol and Katynkol lakes, indicating that the former extension of lake Karasor reached —about five times larger, with a depth between and —almost five times deeper. At that time the water of river Nura reached the ancient lake from the west.

Flora and fauna

The landscape of the basin area is hilly steppe,. There are plowed agricultural fields with clayey and loamy soils. The vegetation in the basin includes spear grass, wormwood, Siberian peashrub, Neotrinia splendens and fescue.