Karakurt-class corvette


The Karakurt class, Russian designation Project 22800 Karakurt, is a class of Russian Navy corvettes first commissioned in 2018.
The class is intended as a more seaworthy, blue-water complement to the Buyan-M-class corvettes, designed for the littoral zone and which serve in Russia's Caspian Flotilla, Baltic Fleet and Black Sea Fleet. The ships are designed to be armed with Kalibr or Oniks anti-ship cruise missiles and have an endurance of 15 days. They are also to be a cheap alternative for larger frigates, for which construction was delayed due to the suspended military cooperation with Ukraine, and because of Russia's intention to continue the modernization of its navy until all necessary tasks for construction of larger vessels domestically are solved. Delays in the supply of domestically-produced engines for the Karakurt class have held up the completion of several ships.

History

Project 22800 was first publicly presented by Almaz during the International Military-Technical Forum «ARMY-2015», held in Kubinka. At the time, the class was presented yet as "Project 12300". During the exhibition, it was also announced 18 ships are planned for construction.
The first two ships, Uragan and Taifun, were laid down at the Pella Shipyard in Saint Petersburg on 24 December 2015.
In August 2016, it was reported that a total of seven ships have been ordered from the Pella Shipyard, and that five more ships have been ordered from the Zelenodolsk Shipyard. Three of the five ordered ships, Tsiklon, Askold and Amur, previously planned to be built by the Zelenodolsk Shipyard, were later laid down at the Zaliv Shipbuilding yard in Kerch, Crimea.
On 29 July 2017, the lead ship of the class was launched.
The Russian Defence Ministry signed a contract for several more vessels during the International ARMY-2017 Military-Technical Forum.
In May 2018, it was reported Mytishchi was undergoing sea trials in Lake Ladoga and the Baltic Sea.
During the International Military-Technical Forum «ARMY-2018», the Russian Defence Ministry signed two contracts for construction of another six vessels. Two ships of the order would be built by the Vostochnaya Verf, Vladivostok and four ships by the Amur Shipyard, Komsomolsk-on-Amur.
On 16 October 2018, Mytishchi began state tests in the White Sea, and was officially accepted into service on 17 December 2018.
Ukrainian forces targeted the Zaliv shipyard with cruise missiles on 4 November 2023. Russian forces stated that a ship was hit. Subsequent imagery appeared to show Askold had been badly damaged. Politico speculated that the ship was hit by a SCALP-EG air-launched cruise missile.

Design

Project 22800 derives from Project 12300 Skorpion, a proposed 1990s Almaz design for a 500-ton displacement missile boat, and was also heavily influenced by Project 21631, the Buyan-M corvettes. Ships of the class have a stealth shaped superstructure with an integrated mast carrying four phased array radar panels. The primary armament consists of Kalibr cruise missiles or P-800 Oniks supersonic anti-ship missiles carried in eight UKSK VLS cells in the rear part of the superstructure, behind the bridge. The corvettes built for the Russian Navy will be equipped with a 76.2 mm AK-176MA automatic dual-purpose gun, a modernized version of the AK-176. However, at least on the first ship, the 100 mm A-190 was installed. A proposed export version may carry the Italian OTO Melara 76 mm gun. For anti-missile defense, the first two ships carry a pair of AK-630M gun-based CIWS and were upgraded with the Tor-M2KM which is a modular variant of the Tor missile system.
Starting from the third ship, they will be equipped with Pantsir-M, a navalized version of the Pantsir surface-to-air missile system. The third vessel of the class, Odintsovo, entered service in the Baltic Fleet with the Pantsir-M system in November 2020. The project 22800 is not designed for anti-submarine warfare.

Ships

Italics indicate estimates
NameYard No.BuildersLaid downLaunchedCommissionedFleetStatus
251Pella Shipyard24 December 201529 July 201717 December 2018BalticActive
252Pella Shipyard24 December 201524 November 201712 October 2019BalticActive
254More Shipyard10 May 20169 October 20192026?BalticReported on "tests" as of 2024
801Zaliv Shipbuilding yard26 July 201624 July 202012 July 2023Black SeaLikely destroyed in May 2024; Russian sources seemingly confirmed the ship's destruction.
253Pella Shipyard29 July 20165 May 201821 November 2020BalticActive
802Zaliv Shipbuilding yard18 November 201621 September 2021?Black SeaDamaged by missile strike on 4 November 2023; reports suggest that repairs were being attempted as of late 2023
257Pella Shipyard24 December 201623 October 20182026?BalticSea trials
255More Shipyard17 March 201729 October 20192028Black SeaLaunched
803Zaliv Shipbuilding yard30 July 201726 December 202226 August 2024BalticActive
256More Shipyard19 December 201713 November 20192030Black SeaLaunched
804Zelenodolsk Shipyard26 February 201930 June 202321 December 2024Black SeaReported deployed from the Black Sea Fleet and operating in the Caspian as of April 2025
201Amur Shipyard1 July 201927 September 20232026PacificOn sea trials as of 2025
202Amur Shipyard1 July 201927 September 20232026PacificLaunched
805Zelenodolsk Shipyard11 September 20197 May 202428 August
2025		Black SeaReported deployed from the Black Sea Fleet and operating in the Caspian as of April 2025
204Amur Shipyard26 December 2019PacificBoth under construction; names Ussuriysk & Pavlovsk have also been reported for these vessels
203Amur Shipyard29 July 2020PacificBoth under construction; names Ussuriysk & Pavlovsk have also been reported for these vessels
?Vostochnaya VerfPacificCancelled
?Vostochnaya VerfPacificCancelled

Controversy

In November 2022, an arbitration court in Moscow held the first preliminary hearing for a lawsuit against Pella Shipyard of St Petersburg, in which the Russian Defence Ministry is seeking 1.4 billion Rubles over allegations the company was "failing to fulfill supply contracts."