Jumada al-Awwal

Jumāda l-Ūlā, or Jumada I, is the fifth month of the Islamic calendar. Jumada al-Ula spans 29 or 30 days. The origin of the month's name is theorized by some as coming from the word jamād, meaning "arid, dry, or cold", denoting the dry and parched land and hence the dry months of the pre-Islamic Arabian calendar. Jumādā may also be related to a verb meaning "to freeze", and another account relates that water would freeze during this time of year. The secondary name Jumādā al-Ūlā may possibly mean "to take charge with, commend, entrust, commit or care during the arid or cold month". However, this explanation is rejected by some as Jumādā ''al-Ūlā is a lunar month that does not coincide with seasons as solar months do.
In Turkish, the name of the month is cemâziyelevvel ; it was abbreviated as جا ca'' in Ottoman Turkish.

Timing

The Islamic calendar is a purely lunar calendar, and months begin when the first crescent of a new moon is sighted. Since the Islamic lunar year is 11 to 12 days shorter than the tropical year, Jumada al-Awwal migrates backwards throughout the seasons in a cycle of about 33 solar years. The estimated start and end dates for Jumada al-Awwal are as follows

AH	First day	Last day
1444	25 November 2022	24 December 2022
1445	15 November 2023	13 December 2023
1446	3 November 2024	2 December 2024
1447	23 October 2025	21 November 2025
1448	12 October 2026	10 November 2026

Islamic events

On 1 Jumada al-Awwal 8 AH, the Battle of Mu’ta took place in the village of the same name, in which the Muslim army fought against the army of the Byzantine Empire and their Ghassanid vassals reportedly in retribution for the murder of a Muslim emissary by a Ghassanid chief, Shurahbil ibn ‘Amr. The battle was won by the Byzantines, and amongst the losses the Muslims incurred were three of the most prominent Companions of [Muhammad (Sahabah)|Companions of Muhammad]: Zayd ibn Haritha ; Ja‘far ibn Abi Talib, and ‘Abd Allah ibn Rawaha, whom Muhammad had specifically appointed to be generals of the Muslim army in the battle, so that if one of them should be killed, the other would take his place.
On 5 Jumada al-Awwal, Zaynab bint Ali was born.
On 8 Jumada al-Awwal, Amir al-Kulal died. Amir Kulal.
On 10 Jumada al-Awwal 11 AH, Fatima, daughter of Muhammad, died in Medina at the young age of 23 years according to Sunni Muslim sources.
On 13 Jumada al-Awwal 11 AH, Fatima was buried by her husband Ali.
On 15 Jumada al-Awwal, Ali ibn Husayn was born.
On 20 Jumada al-Awwal 857, Mehmed II conquered Constantinople.