Joint base
A joint base is a base of the armed forces of the United States utilized by multiple military services; one service hosts one or more other services as tenants on the base. In most cases, joint bases have interservice support agreements to govern how the host provides services to the tenants.
The practice originated during Base Realignment and Closure, 1993, in which joint reserve bases were established at Willow Grove, Pennsylvania, and Fort Worth, Texas. Base Realignment and Closure, 2005 added to this list when 26 bases were combined into twelve and renamed as joint bases. In addition, several other uses of the term "joint" are used in names of some United States military bases are described below.
BRAC 1993 joint reserve bases
JRBs at Willow Grove, Pennsylvania, and Fort Worth, Texas, were created during BRAC 1993; however, the name Joint Reserve Base was not used in the BRAC law. Instead, the BRAC realigned several reserve air assets to Carswell AFB and NAS Willow Grove. It is not clear how or when these bases acquired the Joint Reserve Base name.The JRBs are examples of typical military host–tenant relationships, in which support provided to the tenants by the host is codified in an ISSA as dictated by DOD Policy. At NAS JRB Fort Worth, the Navy hosts a variety of reserve flying units from the Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force; each has an ISSA with the Navy for the support it needs at the base.
BRAC 2005 joint bases
The joint basing program, established by recommendation 146 of the 2005 Base Closure and Realignment Commission, represents the department's efforts to optimize the delivery of installation support across the services. The BRAC Report created 12 joint bases from 26 service installations that were in close proximity or shared a boundary. As of 1 October 2010, all 12 joint bases achieved full operational capability.Supporting and supported component agreements
Joint basing is not governed by the standard host–tenant ISSA policy, DODI 4000.19. Joint basing is instead governed by a memorandum of agreement between each joint base's supporting component, which provides installation support, and supported components, which receive installation support. BRAC 2005 law identified the supported component by requiring that its base realign the "relocating the installation management functions to" the supporting component.Guidance developed by the OSD in 2008 required that the supporting and supported components complete a memorandum of agreement defining the installation support relationship between them for forming the joint base and to fully implement the BRAC 2005 joint basing decisions, and that the supporting component deliver installation support in accordance with the new definitions and standards. Resources then were transferred from the supported component to the supporting component in the fiscal year 2010 President's Budget submittal to align resources with responsibility for installation support at the joint bases.
Joint base common output level standards (JB-COLS)
The joint basing program represents Department of Defense efforts to optimize the delivery of installation support across the services. The DoD developed joint base common output level standards to provide common output or performance level standards for installation support. The framework of JB-COLS provides a common language to serve as a basis for developing common output levels for each function of installation support at joint bases and developing service-wide capability-based planning models for all installation support functions.OSD's 2008 guidance on implementing joint basing established a set of installation support functional areas and provided for the creation of a set of joint base common standards to define the level of service expected at each joint base and to ensure consistent delivery of installation support services. As of March 2014, there are 260 joint base common standards grouped into 48 functional areas and 12 categories.
List of joint bases
Not all of the joint bases were mandated by BRAC 2005 law to establish themselves as joint bases; however, all 12 joint bases assumed that nomenclature or a variation.- Joint Base Anacostia–Bolling – consolidation of Naval Support Facility Anacostia and Bolling Air Force Base in the District of Columbia
- Joint Base Andrews – consolidation of Andrews Air Force Base and Naval Air Facility Washington in Maryland
- Joint Base Charleston – consolidation of Charleston Air Force Base and Naval Weapons Station Charleston in South Carolina
- Joint Base Elmendorf–Richardson – consolidation of Elmendorf Air Force Base and Fort Richardson in Alaska
- Joint Base Langley–Eustis – consolidation of Langley Air Force Base and Fort Eustis in Virginia
- Joint Base Lewis–McChord – consolidation of Fort Lewis and McChord Air Force Base in Washington
- Joint Base McGuire–Dix–Lakehurst – consolidation of McGuire Air Force Base, Fort Dix, and Naval Air Engineering Station Lakehurst in New Jersey
- Joint Base Myer–Henderson Hall – consolidation of Fort Myer and Henderson Hall (USMC) in Virginia, as well as Fort Lesley J. McNair in Washington, D.C.
- Joint Base Pearl Harbor–Hickam – consolidation of Naval Station Pearl Harbor and Hickam Air Force Base in Hawaii
- Joint Base San Antonio – consolidation of Randolph Air Force Base, Lackland Air Force Base, Kelly Field Annex, and Fort Sam Houston in Texas
- Joint Expeditionary Base Little Creek–Fort Story – consolidation of Naval Amphibious Base Little Creek and Fort Story in Virginia
- Joint Region Marianas – consolidation of Andersen Air Force Base and Naval Base Guam