Cultural depictions of Joan of Arc
Joan of Arc has inspired artistic and cultural works for nearly six centuries. The following lists cover various media to include items of historic interest, enduring works of high art, and recent representations in popular culture. The entries represent portrayals that a reader has a reasonable chance of encountering rather than a complete catalog. Lesser known works, particularly from early periods, are not included.
In this article, many of the excluded items are derivative of better known representations. For instance, Friedrich Schiller's 1801 play The Maid of Orleans inspired at least 82 different dramatic works during the nineteenth century, and Verdi's and Tchaikovsky's operatic adaptations are still recorded and performed. Most of the others survive only in research libraries. As another example, in 1894, Émile Huet listed over 400 plays and musical works about Joan of Arc. Despite a great deal of scholarly interest in Joan of Arc, no complete list of artistic works about her exists, although a 1989 doctoral dissertation did identify all relevant films including ones for which no copy survives.
Portrayals of Joan of Arc are numerous. For example, in 1979 the Bibliothèque Municipale in Rouen, France displayed a gallery containing over 500 images and other items related to Joan of Arc.
The story of Joan of Arc was a popular subject for dramatization in the 1940s. In addition to Maxwell Anderson's play Joan of Lorraine and the Ingrid Bergman film Joan of Arc, there was also the 1948 RKO film The Miracle of the Bells starring Fred MacMurray, Alida Valli, and Frank Sinatra, about a dying film actress whose first and last role is Joan of Arc. There were also three radio dramatizations of the story of Joan during those years, one of them specifically written with a World War II framework.
Literature and theatre
| Date | Title | Author | Notes |
| 1429 | "Chanson en l'honneur de Jeanne d'Arc" | Christine de Pizan | An elegiac poem written during Joan's lifetime. The author's final work. English translation available. |
| 1435 | Histoire du Siège d'Orléans | Anonymous | First performed in Orléans four years after Joan's death. The surviving version appears to be a revision from circa 1450. God and several saints play major roles in this sprawling drama with more than 100 speaking parts. |
| after 1435 | Ballade | François Villon | Part of Le Testament, Villon calls Joan "the good Lorraine whom the English burned in Rouen". |
| 1590 | Henry VI, Part 1 | William Shakespeare | Drawn from 16th century English sources, Joan begins with the appearance of piety but soon proves to be a cunning witch justly executed. |
| 1756 | La Pucelle d'Orléans | Voltaire | A mock epic poem that explores typically Voltairean themes deriding mysticism as humbug. |
| 1796 | Joan of Arc | Robert Southey | An epic poem |
| 1801 | Die Jungfrau von Orleans | Friedrich Schiller | In literary rebuttal to Voltaire, Schiller creates a sympathetic Joan as a Romantic heroine. A magic helmet renders her invincible until she falls in love, and is killed in battle rather than being burned at the stake. This drama was the basis of Tchaikovsky's opera of the same name. |
| 1817 | Philippe-Alexandre Le Brun de Charmettes | Drawn from her own declarations, 144 depositions of witnesses, and manuscripts of the library of the King and the Tower of London. | |
| 1819 | L'Orléanide: Poème National en Vingt-Huit Chants | Philippe-Alexandre Le Brun de Charmettes | Epic poem based on his Histoire de Jeanne d'Arc |
| 1821 | The Destiny of Nations | Samuel Taylor Coleridge | Initially part of Robert Southey's Joan of Arc |
| 1835 | Little Arthur's History of England | Maria Graham | Joan's story is briefly commented on by the author in the chapter on the life of King Henry VI. Joan is described positively as courageous and merciful. |
| 1849 | "Couteau de Executioner ou Jéanne d'Arc: Un conte de l'Inquisition" | Eugène Sue | From serial novel Les Mystères du Peuple. Translated into English as The Executioner's Knife or Joan of Arc: A Tale of the Inquisition by Daniel De Leon |
| 1894 | La Mission de Jeanne d'Arc | Thérèse of Lisieux | The first of two 'pious recreations' written by the Saint; "small theatrical pieces performed by a few nuns for the rest of the community, on the occasion of certain feast days." Performed at the Carmel on 21 January 1894, it featured Thérèse in the title role. The script, which focuses more heavily upon Joan's interaction with her visions, has since been widely circulated with Saint Thérèse's writings, as has that of its sequel. |
| 1895 | Jeanne d'Arc Accomplit Sa Mission | Thérèse of Lisieux | Sequel to La Mission de Jeanne d'Arc, this was performed exactly one year later, 21 January 1895. Again featuring Thérèse as Joan, its focus is upon her martyrdom. In the estimation of Thérèse's biographer, Ida Görres, the two plays "are scarcely veiled self-portraits." |
| 1896 | Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc | Mark Twain | This work is little remembered yet in Mark Twain's own opinion was his finest work. Twain spent months in France researching newly rediscovered documents and years of research overall. This reverent fictional biography is Twain's most uncharacteristic novel. Project Gutenberg text: and . He published it under a different pseudonym: Jean François Alden. |
| 1896 | Jeanne d'Arc | Charles Péguy | Play chronicling Joan's life |
| 1910 | Jéanne d'Arc, Médium | Léon Denis | Translated into English as The Mystery of Joan of Arc by Arthur Conan Doyle |
| 1912 | Tapisserie de Sainte Geneviève et Jeanne d'Arc | Charles Péguy | Poem about Joan and Saint Geneviève |
| 1923 | Gilles und Johanna | Georg Kaiser | Expressionist drama explores Joan's relationship with her general Gilles de Rais, who would become one of the most-notorious criminals in French history |
| 1923 | Saint Joan | George Bernard Shaw | This drama, widely esteemed as Shaw's masterpiece, draws heavily from trial records. Historians dismiss Shaw's contention that she was an early Protestant with impartial judges. Subsequent twentieth century plays often mirror Shaw's interest in her trial. |
| 1930 | Saint Joan of the Stockyards | Bertolt Brecht | Transposes Joan to working-class Chicago and portrays her as a labor leader. 1st of his 3 plays on Joan. |
| 1935 | A Vida de Joana D'Arc | Érico Veríssimo | A Brazilian historical novel addressed to young people. |
| 1937 | Der Prozeß der Johanna von Arc zu Rouen | Anna Seghers | In German. Radio play based on the trial records. |
| 1942 | The Visions of Simone Machard | Bertolt Brecht and Lion Feuchtwanger | A girl imagines herself as Joan during World War II while in a dream. Second of his 3 plays on Joan. |
| 1943 | The Fountainhead | Ayn Rand | Rand's original manuscript of The Fountainhead included a major character named Vesta Dunning, a talented young actress whose greatest dream is to play Joan of Arc on the stage. In one scene, Dunning is shown rehearsing a long monologue by Joan of Arc. However, Rand – pressured by her publisher to shorten the book – entirely dropped this character from the final published text. The deleted parts, including the Joan of Arc monologue, were published after Rand's death by Leonard Peikoff. |
| 1946 | Joan of Lorraine | Maxwell Anderson | This play-within-a-play is chiefly memorable for Ingrid Bergman's Tony-winning performance. |
| 1952 | The Trial of Joan of Arc of Proven, 1431 | Bertolt Brecht and Benno Besson | Adaptation of Anna Seghers's Der Prozeß der Johanna von Arc zu Rouen |
| 1953 | L'Alouette | Jean Anouilh | An allegory of Vichy collaboration in the aftermath of World War II. Lillian Hellman's noteworthy English translation adds a critique of McCarthyism and included a score by Leonard Bernstein. |
| 1955 | Seraphic Dialogue | Martha Graham | Modern-dance work in one act with choreography by Graham, music by Norman Dello Joio, set by Isamu Noguchi, costumes by Graham, and lighting by Jean Rosenthal. It was originally choreographed as a solo under Triumph of St Joan. In this revised version, Joan looks back over her life in a series of danced dialogues with her guiding spirit, St Michael, and with three figures who represent different aspects of her nature: maid, warrior, and martyr. At the work's close, the transfigured Joan takes her place among the saints. |
| 1956 | De Jungfrur av Orleans | Sven Stolpe | Novel written as Joan telling the reader about her life story. |
| 1961 | Die Sendung des Mädchens Jeanne d'Arc | M.J. Krück von Poturzyn | Romanticized novel about the life of Joan of Arc. |
| 1964 | The Dead Lady of Clown Town | Cordwainer Smith | A far-future science fiction story with strong parallels to the history of Joan of Arc. |
| 1968 | The Image of the Beast | Philip José Farmer | Joan of Arc is portrayed as an alien sexual predator, still alive in the 20th century but with her body altered to enable the also-alien 15th-century serial killer Gilles de Rais to live within her vagina dentata as a fang-toothed venomous snake that bites and paralyses men during intercourse. |
| 1972 | "Jeanne d'Arc" | Patti Smith | Poem. From Seventh Heaven. |
| 1974 | Blood Red, Sister Rose | Thomas Keneally | The novel explores the imagined psychology of Joan and tells her story from Domrémy to the coronation of Charles VII. Significant secondary characters include Charles and Gilles de Rais. The novel enters into the minds of Joan and Charles but not of Gilles. A notable feature of the book is the conversations of Joan with her voices. |
| 1975 | The Banner of Joan | H. Warner Munn | Book-length poem about Joan's life. |
| 1981 | Joan of Arc: The Image of Female Heroism | Marina Warner | The work is not so much a biography as a book about Joan of Arc or, more precisely, how she has been perceived by others over the centuries and how that perception has shaped her image. |
| 1993 | The Second Coming of Joan of Arc | Carolyn Gage | A one woman-lesbian play. Joan returns to share her story with contemporary women. She tells her experiences with the highest levels of church, state, and military, portraying male institutions as brutal and misogynistic. |
| 1997 | An Army of Angels | Pamela Marcantel | A novel which depicts Joan of Arc according to the author's conception of her personality. |
| 1998 | Joan of Arc | Michael Morpurgo | Historical novel about Joan for children. Republished as Sparrow: The True Story of Joan of Arc in 2012 |
| 1999 | Jeanne d'Arc | Michel Peyramaure | A novel in two parts. . |
| 2003 | Monstrous Regiment | Terry Pratchett | Part of the Discworld series, a fictional character styled after Joan of Arc dresses as a man to lead an army. |
| 2005 | La Hire: Ou la Colère de Jéanne | Régine Deforges | Joan's story from the perspective of military commander La Hire |
| 2006 | Rogue Angel Series | Alex Archer | A series of action/adventure novels, the main character of which is the successor to Joan of Arc. |
| 2006 | Johanna | Felicitas Hoppe | Postmodern novel rejecting any endeavor to fictionalize Joan of Arc. |
| 2008 | The Magician: The Secrets of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel | Michael Scott | Fantasy novel in which Joan of Arc features prominently. She is an immortal living in modern-day Paris. It is explained that she was rescued from her execution by the warrior Scathach. |
| 2011 | The Maid | Kimberly Cutter | Historical novel about Joan. |
| 2013 | Fate/Apocrypha | Yuichiro Higashide | Part of the Fate franchise. Jeanne is summoned as a Ruler-class Servant to oversee the Great Holy Grail War, in which two teams consisting of seven Servants battle for control of the Holy Grail. |
| 2017 | The Book of Joan | Lidia Yuknavitch | Science fiction novel. |
| 2022 | Joan | Katherine J. Chen | A feminist retelling novelisation. |
| 2022 | I, Joan | Charlie Josephine | at the Shakespeare's Globe Theatre. Portrays Joan as trans and non-binary, as a central theme of the plot. Both the playwright, and the actor playing Joan also identify as non-binary. |
| 2022 | The Genesis of Misery | Neon Yang | Neon Yang's novel is a retelling of the story of Joan of Arc as a mecha space opera. It is the first in a planned trilogy. |
| 2023 | Born to Do This: The Joan of Arc Rock Opera | Zoe Bradford | Debut at The Company Theatre in Norwell, Massachusetts. A sung-through, contemporary rock opera based on Jeanne D'Arc's life and death. |
| 2025 | Written on the Dark | Guy Gavriel Kay | Guy Gavriel Kay's novel includes a retelling of the story of Joan of Arc in which she successfully defends the novel's version of France from its English invaders in a reimagining of the Battle of Agincourt. In his novel, Joan of Arc survives and a double is burned in her place. |
Operas, oratorios, and vocal works
| Date | Title | Composer | Genre | Notes |
| 1789 | Giovanna d'Arco | Gaetano Andreozzi | opera | Libretto by Antonio Simeone Sografi. Premiere at the Teatro Nuovo Eretenio in Vicenza on 27 June 1789. |
| 1790 | Jeanne d'Arc à Orléans | Rodolphe Kreutzer | opéra comique | Libretto by Pierre Jean Baptiste Choudard Desforges. Premiered at the Comédie-Italienne on 10 May 1790. |
| 1821 | Giovanna d'Arco | Salvatore Viganò | ballet | Plot influenced by Die Jungfrau von Orleans by Schiller. Premiered at La Scala on 3 March 1821. |
| 1821 | Jeanne d'Arc à Orléans | Michele Carafa | opéra comique | Libretto by Emmanuel Théaulon and Armand Dartois, after Schiller. Premiere at Théâtre Feydeau on 10 March 1821. |
| 1825 | Giovanna d'Arco | Giuseppe Nicolini | opera | Libretto by Apostolo Zeno. Premiered at Teatro Regio on 22 January 1825. |
| 1827 | Giovanna d'Arco | Nicola Vaccai | opera | Libretto by Gaetano Rossi. Premiered at La Fenice on 17 February 1827. |
| 1830 | Giovanna d'Arco | Giovanni Pacini | opera | Libretto by Gaetano Barbieri, after Schiller. Premiered at La Scala on 14 March 1830. |
| 1832 | Giovanna d'Arco | Gioachino Rossini | cantata | Anonymous text set for contralto and piano. Orchestral version by Salvatore Sciarrino. |
| 1837 | Joan of Arc | Michael William Balfe | opera | Premiered at Drury Lane on 30 November 1837 |
| 1845 | Giovanna d'Arco | Giuseppe Verdi | opera | Libretto by Temistocle Solera, after Schiller. Premiered at La Scala on 15 February 1845. |
| 1865 | Jeanne d'Arc | Gilbert Duprez | opera | Libretto by Joseph Méry, after Schiller. Premiered at Salle Le Peletier on 24 October 1865. |
| 1873–1877 | Jeanne d'Arc | Text by Jules Barbier; music by Charles Gounod. | drama | Incidental music for Barbier's play |
| 1878 | The Maid of Orleans | Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky | opera | Plot influenced by Schiller. |
| 1913 | Giovanna d'Arco | Marco Enrico Bossi | oratorio | Libretto by Luigi Orsini, after Schiller. |
| 1921 | Giovanna d'Arco | Alberto Pestalozza | Marionette opera | Libretto by Pestalozza, after Schiller. Premiered in Turin on 17 September 1921 |
| 1939 | Jeanne d'Arc au Bûcher | Text by Paul Claudel; music by Arthur Honegger | dramatic oratorio | Ends with the Inquisition accusing Joan's judges of heresy. Marion Cotillard played Joan in 2005, 2012, and 2015. |
| 1943 | Szenen aus dem Leben der Heiligen Johanna | Music and libretto by Walter Braunfels | Opera | Based on the actual documents of Joan's trial. Was not performed until 2001. |
| 1950 | The Triumph of St. Joan | Norman Dello Joio | Opera | Adapted by Joio into an opera for television, a one-act opera, and a symphony. |
| 1953 | Ballade des Dames du temps jadis | Musical adaptation by Georges Brassens of a poem by François Villon | Art song | Brassens set a number of poems to music, and often performed them himself. |
| 1956 | Le triomphe de Jeanne | Henri Tomasi | opera-oratorio | Libretto by Tomasi and Philippe Soupault, after Schiller. Premiered at the Théâtre-Cirque in Rouen on 23 June 1956. |
| 1966 | Choruses from The Lark by Jean Anouilh | music by Leonard Bernstein | choral pieces | Incidental score for a production of the play in an adaptation by Lillian Hellman. |
| 1971 | The Survival of St. Joan | Text by James Lineberger; music by Hank Ruffin, and Gary Ruffin | rock opera | Based on a legend of Joan escaping her execution, and being kept in the home of a shepherd. |
| 1976 | Das Mädchen aus Domrémy | Music and libretto by Giselher and Lore Klebe | opera | Based on Die Jungfrau von Orleans. Premiered at the Staatsoper Stuttgart on 19 June 1976. |
| 1981 | "The Holy Presence of Joan d'Arc" and "Untitled " | Julius Eastman | cello ensemble, solo vocal piece | First performed at The Kitchen (art institution) in 1981. Text of the "Prelude" by Eastman, based on the instructions Joan supposedly received from St Michael, St Margaret and St Catherine |
| 1989 | Mistero e processo di Giovanna d'Arco | Roberto De Simone | Melodrama | Libretto by De Simone, after Schiller. Premiered at Teatro Verdi in Pisa on 26 October 1989. |
| 1994 | Voices of Light | Richard Einhorn | choral orchestral work | Inspired by The Passion of Joan of Arc; uses sacred texts by Hildegard of Bingen. |
| 1997 | Jeanne: The Joan of Arc Musical | text by Vincent de Tourdonnet; music by Peter Sipos | musical theatre | Based on historical research. Translated into French by Antonine Maillet. Renamed Jeanne la Pucelle. |
| 2017 | Joan of Arc: Into the Fire | David Byrne | rock opera | Joan is re-imagined, in Byrne's words, as "a religious maniac who raised an army to kill people". |
Images
| Date | Title | Artist | Location | Notes | Image |
| 10 May 1429 | Clément de Fauquembergue | Sketch in the margin of the register of the Parlement of Paris by Clément de Fauquembergue, 1429, drawn on the day that news arrived in Paris of the French victory at Orléans. Though Fauquembergue never saw her in person, this is the only extant depiction from her lifetime. | |||
| c. 1450 | "Joan of Arc compared to Judith", miniature in an illustrated manuscript of Le Champion des Dames by Martin le Franc. Joan of Arc is shown standing next Judith beheading Holofernes. Joan at right is holding her coat of arms | ||||
| c. 1460 | Chronique de Charles VII | Jean Chartier | Miniature portrait in an illustrated manuscript, similar portrayal to Le Champion des Dames. | ||
| 1493 | Jeanne Hunts Prostitutes in the Army | Martial d'Auvergne | Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons | ||
| 1493 | Siege of Orléans | Martial d'Auvergne | Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons | ||
| 1493 | Joan of Arc and Charles VII, King of France | Martial d'Auvergne | Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons | ||
| 1493 | The Citizens of Troyes Hand Over City Keys to the Dauphin and Joan of Arc | Martial d'Auvergne | Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons | ||
| 1493 | The Assault on Paris | Martial d'Auvergne | Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons | ||
| 1493 | Jeanne is Driven in Front of Her Judges | Martial d'Auvergne | Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons | ||
| 1493 | Jeanne Being Tied Up | Martial d'Auvergne | Miniature from Vigiles du roi Charles VII à neuf psaumes et neuf leçons | ||
| 15th century | Chronique abrégée des rois de France, | Coronation of Charles VII in Reims; Joan of Arc at right holding Banner of France | |||
| late 15th century | untitled | ? | Hermitage of Notre-Dame de Bermont, France | Fresco of two young women: one a peasant girl at prayer, the other dressed in male attire: possible depictions of Joan of Arc rediscovered underneath a later work. Joan of Arc was known to pray often at the site. | |
| late 15th century | Joan of Arc | ? | Hermitage of Notre-Dame de Bermont, France | The young girl is kneeling, doubtless in a chateau, because the ground is not the beaten earth of the houses of the era but a green and black tile-flooring. She is dressed in grey, with high hose, an attire of a man. Thence to think that it has to do with the departure from Vaucouleurs or arrival at Chinon, there is not but to take a step; to prove it is another thing. | |
| c. 1500 | "helmeted head of a statue" | Musée Historique et Archeologique, Orléans | The head of a statue, discovered in 1820 in the ruins of the Church of Saint-Maurice, Orléans, long considered to have been modelled after the likeness of Joan of Arc. | ||
| 1505 | Joan of Arc on horseback | Jean Pichore | Musée Dobrée | Illustration from Les Vies des femmes célèbres de Antoine Du Four | |
| 1557 | Portrait of the Town Council of Orléans | ? | Joan of Arc wears a robe with slashed sleeves and a plume and holds a sword. This became a model for many later portraits. | ||
| 1620 | Joan of Arc at Prayer | Peter Paul Rubens | North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh, North Carolina | ||
| 1819 | Joan of Arc Imprisoned in Rouen | Pierre Révoil | Musée des Beaux-Arts de Rouen | oil on canvas, 137 cm x 174.5 cm. | |
| 1824 | Jeanne d'Arc interrogated in prison by the cardinal of Winchester | Paul Delaroche | Musée des Beaux-Arts, Rouen | oil on canvas 277 x 217 cm | |
| 1830 | The Painter's Studio | Josef Danhauser | Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest | ||
| 1833 | Jeanne d'Arc, in the presence of Charles VII, answers questions from churchmen about her visions and revelations | Gillot Saint-Èvre | Louvre, Paris | 170 x 140 cm | |
| 1833 | Jeanne d'Arc in prison | Gillot Saint-Èvre | private collection | oil on canvas, 119 x 109 cm | |
| 1835 | The Arrest of Jeanne d'Arc | Adèle Martin | private collection | oil on canvas, 112 x 85 cm | |
| before 1843 | Jeanne d'Arc | Raymond Monvoisin | Collection of the Palacio Vergara de Viña del Mar | oil on canvas, 142 × 101 cm | |
| 1843 | "Joan of Arc, On finding in the church of St Catherine de Frébus the sword she dreamt of, devotes herself & it to the service of God & her country" | William Etty | Sold by Bonhams in 2021 | Left hand panel of triptych | |
| 1843 | Jeanne d'Arc à la sortie d'Orléans, repoussant les Anglais ' | William Etty | Musée des Beaux-Arts d'Orléans | Central panel of triptych | |
| 1843 | "Joan of Arc, after rendering the most signal services to her Prince and people, is suffered to die a martyr in their cause" | William Etty | Library of Congress | Sketch of Right hand Panel of triptych Showing martyrdom of Joan of Arc from C.W.Wass engraving | |
| 1843 | "Joan of Arc, after rendering the most signal services to her Prince and people, is suffered to die a martyr in their cause" | William Etty | Penny Illustrated News | Penny Illustrated News Sketch of Right hand Panel of triptych Showing martyrdom of Joan of Arc from C.W.Wass engraving | |
| 1843 | Auftreten von Heiliges Catherine und Michael zu Johanna von Arc | Hermann Anton Stilke | Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg | oil on canvas, 119.5 × 83.5 cm | |
| 1843 | Johanna von Arc in der Schlacht | Hermann Anton Stilke | Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg | oil on canvas, 135 × 146 cm | |
| 1843 | Tod von Johanna von Arc auf dem Scheiterhaufen | Hermann Anton Stilke | Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg | oil on canvas 119.5 × 83.5 cm | |
| 1843 | Entry of Jeanne d'Arc at Orléans, 8 May 1429 | Henry Scheffer | Palace of Versailles, Versailles | oil on canvas, Height: 425 cm. Width: 483 cm | |
| 1847–1852 | Capturer de Jeanne d'Arc | Adolf Alexander Dillens | Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg | 52.5 × 72 cm | |
| 1852 | Johanna von Orléans in der Schlacht | August Gustav Lasinsky | oil on canvas, 76,5 x 107,5 cm. | ||
| 1854 | Jeanne au Couronnement de Charles VII | Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres | Musée du Louvre, Paris | oil on canvas, 240 cm x 178 cm | |
| ca. 1859 | Jeanne d'Arc écoutant ses voix | François-Léon Benouville | Musée des Beaux-Arts de Rouen | ||
| ca. 1860 | Jeanne d'Arc au siège de Paris | Jozef Van Lerius | Private collection | oil on panel, 108.8 × 179 cm | |
| 1863 | Joan of Arc Kissing the Sword of Deliverance | Dante Gabriel Rossetti | Strasbourg Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, Strasbourg | oil on canvas, 61.2 × 53.2 cm | |
| 1864 | Jeanne d'Arc Prisoner of the English | Stanisław Chlebowski | Musée Barrois, France | ||
| 1864 | Joan of Arc | Dante Gabriel Rossetti | private collection | watercolor and bodycolour over pencil, 31 × 30 cm | |
| 1865 | Joan of Arc at Prayer | John Everett Millais | Private collection | ||
| 1876 | Jeanne d'Arc écoutant les voix | Eugène Thirion | Ville de Chatou, église Notre-Dame | oil on canvas | |
| 1879 | Jeanne d'Arc | Jules Bastien-Lepage | Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City | oil on canvas 100" x 110" | |
| 1880 | Joan Captured by the Burgundians at Compiègne | Giraudon | Panthéon, Paris | mural | |
| 1884 | Joan of Arc Listening for the First Time to the Voices That Predict Her Prominent Fate | Pedro Américo | Museu Nacional de Belas Artes, Rio de Janeiro | oil on canvas, 229 × 156 cm | |
| 1886 | The Maid of Orleans, entrance of Joan of Arc into Reims in 1429 | Jan Matejko | National Museum in Kraków | ||
| 1887 | Entree de Jeanne d'Arc à Orléans | Jean-Jacques Scherrer | Musée Jeanne-d'Arc, Rouen | ||
| 1889 | Joan of Arc, or Breton girl spinning | Paul Gauguin | Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam | Fresco in wooden support, 134 × 62.9 cm | |
| 1880–1890 | Jeanne d'Arc hears her voices | Eugène Carrière | Musée d'Orsay, Paris | ||
| 1886–1890 | Jeanne d'Arc, Bergère | Jules Eugène Lenepveu | Panthéon, Paris | ||
| 1886–1890 | Jeanne d'Arc in armor before Orléans | Jules Eugène Lenepveu | Panthéon, Paris | ||
| 1886–1890 | Jeanne d'Arc in Rheims at the time of king Charles VII's coronation | Jules Eugène Lenepveu | Panthéon, Paris | ||
| 1886–1890 | Jeanne at the stake | Jules Eugène Lenepveu | Panthéon, Paris | ||
| 1895 | Sleeping Joan of Arc | George W. Joy | |||
| 1896 | L'histoire de Jeanne d'Arc | Louis-Maurice Boutet de Monvel | illustrations for his L'histoire de Jeanne d'Arc | ||
| 19th century | Jeanne d'Arc + 1431 | ? | Musée Louis-Philippe, Eu, Seine-Maritime | oil on canvas, 124.5 × 89 cm | |
| ca. 19th century | "Joan of Arc Burning at the Stake" | Frédéric Théodore Lix | |||
| ca. 19th/20th century | Jeanne d´Arc | François Chifflart | Oil on canvas, 75 x 60 cm. | ||
| late 19th century | Anonymous | Miniature portrait. | |||
| late 19th century | Joan of Arc Kneeling Before an Angel | Henryk Siemiradzki | |||
| ca. 1901 | Jeanne d'Arc | François Chifflart | Oil on canvas, 73 x 60 cm. | ||
| 1901 | Jeanne d'Arc | Albert Lynch | Private Collection, Doyon Art Appraisal, Pensacola, Florida | painting | |
| 1907 | Joan of Arc in Battle | Frank Craig | |||
| 1909 | Sainte Jeanne d'Arc | Paul de La Boulaye | oil on canvas | ||
| 1909 | Maude Adams as Joan of Arc | Alphonse Mucha | |||
| before 1911 | Joan of Arc in Prison | Howard Pyle | private collection | oil on canvas | |
| 1912 | Portrait of Joan of Arc | Andrew C.P. Haggard | |||
| 1912 | Jeanne d'Arc | Roger de La Fresnaye | Musée d'art moderne de Troyes, Troyes | ||
| 1918 | Joan of Arc | Frank Schoonover | illustrations for the Lucy Foster Madison book Joan of Arc | ||
| ? | The departure of Jeanne d'Arc | Jean-Jacques Scherrer | Musée Jeanne-d'Arc, Vaucouleurs | oil on canvas 430 x 320 cm | |
| ? | St. Joan | John William Waterhouse | private collection | oil on canvas, 48 × 55 cm | |
| ? | Joan of Arc | Charles-Amable Lenoir | private collection | ||
| ? | Jeanne d'Arc | Gaston Bussière | |||
| ? | Joan of Arc | Gari Melchers | Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indianapolis | oil on canvas, 30 × 23 in | |
| before 1933 | Joan of Arc | Annie Swynnerton | |||
| c. 1897 | Joan of Arc | Harold H. Piffard | Public collection | oil on canvas, 91.5 × 72.2 cm | |
| c. 1900 | Joan of Arc | William Blake Richmond | Private collection | oil on canvas, 99.1 × 80.6 cm | |
| 1989 | Adam and Eve | George Martin | Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Community Center, New York, USA | acrylic on wall | |
| 1999 | Jehanne 1429 | Arnaud Courlet de Vregille | Encyclopédie des Arts en Franche-Comté, Jacques Rittaud-Hutinet, 2004 | Acrylic and pastel, 60 x 40 | |
| 2001 | Joan of Arc | Donato Giancola | 17" x 27" Oil on Paper | - | |
| 2013 | Joan of Arc | Donato Giancola | 24" x 42" Oil on Panel |
In popular culture
Advertising
- Benetton's 1988 "United Superstars of Benetton" print and billboard campaign featured two models as Joan and as Marilyn Monroe
- Whoopi Goldberg played Joan in a 2010 commercial for Kimberly-Clark's Poise
Culinary
Fashion
Joan of Arc has often been depicted in fashion.- Alexander McQueen, Joan, Spring/Summer 1998
- Balenciaga, Fall/Winter 2023 Couture
- Jean Paul Gaultier, Spring/Summer 1994
- John Galliano for Dior, Fall/Winter 2006 Couture
- Versace, 2018 Met Gala custom for Zendaya
Finance
- Jeanne D'Arc Credit Union.
Other representations
Joan of Arc's short haircut had a profound effect on women's hairstyles in the twentieth century. In 1909, the Paris hairdresser Antoine took Joan of Arc as the inspiration for the bob, which ended centuries of taboo against women who cut their hair. The style became popular in the 1920s and was associated with liberated women. Nearly all subsequent Western hair fashions are designed for women who cut their hair at least occasionally. Such haircut is still known in French as coupe à la Jeanne d'Arc.During the Cristero War in 1927, a group of female Cristeros named themselves after Joan of Arc. They obtained money, supplies, and intelligence for the male combatants. They often smuggled weapons into war zones and cared for the wounded. By the end of the war they had 35,000 participants.
Several people have been seen as modern versions of Joan of Arc:
- Malalai of Maiwand, called the "Afghan Joan of Arc"
- Tringe Smajl Martini, referred to as "The Albanian Joan of Arc"
- Lalla Fatma N'Soumer, referred to as "The Joan of Arc of Kabylie"
- Ani Pachen, referred to as "The Tibetan Joan of Arc"
- Sarah Taylor, referred to as "The Tennessee Joan of Arc"
- Triệu Thị Trinh, referred to as "The Vietnamese Joan of Arc"
- Emilia Plater, referred to as "The Polish Joan of Arc"
- Teresa Magbanua, The referred to as "The Visayan Joan of Arc"
- Maria Quitéria, referred to as " The Brazilian Joan of Arc"
- Greta Thunberg, referred to as "the Joan of Arc of the environment"