Japanese people in China
Japanese people in China are Japanese expatriates and emigrants and their descendants residing in Greater China. In October 2018, there were 171,763 Japanese nationals living in the People's Republic of China, and 24,280 Japanese nationals living in the Republic of China (Taiwan).
History
From 630 to 894 AD, Japan sent nineteen diplomatic missions to China started by Emperor Jomei. During this time, many Japanese doctors studied Traditional Chinese Medicine, as well as many artists learning Chinese art techniques that would be brought to Japan. It is known that a third of the Japanese sent to China during missions did not return home. Tang dynasty China received 11 Japanese dancers as tribute from Balhae in year 777.Second Sino-Japanese War
During the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese government introduced a plan to settle 5 million Japanese in Manchukuo. However, following the end of the war, approximately 2,800 Japanese orphans in China were left behind by families repatriating to Japan.The majority of Japanese left behind in China were women, and these Japanese women mostly married Chinese men and became known as "stranded war wives". Because they had children fathered by Chinese men, the Japanese women were not allowed to bring their children back with them to Japan so most of them stayed, as the Japanese law only allowed children fathered by Japanese men to become Japanese citizens.
21st century
In 2000s, more Japanese were coming to China due to its opening up and economic reforms, and Japanese nationals living in China increased roughly three times from 46,000 to 140,134 in proportion to the growth in trade volume between the two countries.The 2010 Census of the People's Republic of China recorded 66,159 foreign nationals from Japan residing in Mainland China, representing nearly half of the Japanese Foreign Affairs Ministry figure. The number of Japanese emigrants to China and their descendants are unknown. However, the peak was 2012 and recently decreasing. In 2018, the permanent resident ratio is only 2.7%.
As of October 2018, the number of Japanese nationals living in China is 140,134 according to a report by the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the third largest group of Japanese people outside Japan after the United States and Brazil.
Shanghai has the largest concentration of Japanese nationals in Greater China. As of October 2018, 40,747 Japanese nationals are living in Shanghai. The second-largest concentrated city is Hong Kong and the third is Taipei.
Education
The following are approved by the Japanese Ministry of Education :Mainland China
- Full-time nihonjin gakko:
- * Beijing: Japanese School of Beijing
- * Guangdong
- ** Guangzhou Japanese School
- ** Shenzhen Japanese School
- * Jiangsu: Suzhou Japanese School
- * Liaoning: Dalian Japanese School
- * Shandong: Qingdao Japanese School
- * Shanghai: Shanghai Japanese School
- * Tianjin: Tianjin Japanese School
- * Zhejiang: Hangzhou Japanese School
- Supplementary Japanese language education programs :
- * Guangdong:
- ** Shenzhen Saturday School – Office on the 8th floor of the Jinsanjiao Building in Baishizhou, Nanshan District. Previously based in the Ming Wah International Convention Centre in Shekou.
- ** Zhuhai Japanese Saturday School – classes at QSI International School of Zhuhai
- * Jiangsu:
- ** Nanjing Japanese Saturday School – Nanjing International School, Qixia District, Nanjing
- ** Wuxi Japanese Saturday School – Wuxi New Area – Established 14 April 2006
- * Liaoning: Shenyang Saturday School – It was established in April 2006 and is in Shenhe District, Shenyang
- * Zhejiang: Ningbo Saturday School
- Former hoshuko:
- *Jiangsu: Suzhou – Held at the Suzhou Foreign Language School in Suzhou New District
- *Shandong: Qingdao
- Hong Kong Japanese School
- * Hong Kong Japanese Supplementary School
Unrecognized by MEXT:
- Chengdu Hoshuko – Wuhou District, Chengdu, established on 12 February 2012
Notable people
; Chinese people of Japanese descent- Chiang Wei-kuo – KMT figure, army general, and adoptive son of Chiang Kai-shek
- Hiro Saga – wife of Prince Pujie, brother of the Emperor Puyi
- Huisheng and Husheng – half-Japanese princesses of the Qing ruling family
- Jiang Ying – renowned opera singer and music educator
- Koxinga – Ming dynasty general
- Wen Chen-ling – Actress, her father is of Japanese-Chinese descent
- Zheng Pingru – socialite and spy who gathered intelligence on the Imperial Japanese Army
- Chikada Rikimaru, Mika Hashizume, and Santa Uno – members of Into1
- * Chikada Rikimaru
- * Mika Hashizume – Japanese American
- * Santa Uno
- – Japanese actor in China
- Ryo Takeuchi – film director