Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases
An immune-mediated inflammatory disease is any of a group of conditions or diseases that lack a definitive etiology, but which are characterized by common inflammatory pathways leading to inflammation, and which may result from, or be triggered by, a dysregulation of the normal immune response.
Mechanism
IMIDs are caused by massive production of inflammatory cytokines. This is believed to be the result of an abnormal immune response.Risk factors
IMIDs occur in genetically predisposed individuals, due to various environmental and host factors. Some reviews include psychosomatic factors.Diseases considered as IMID
Diseases considered as IMID include- asthma
- axial spondyloarthritis
- Crohn's disease
- diabetes type 1
- inflammatory bowel diseases ]
- multiple sclerosis
- primary biliary cholangitis
- psoriasis
- psoriatic arthritis
- rheumatoid arthritis
- systemic lupus
- ulcerative colitis.
Common symptoms
Fatigue is a very commom symptom in IMIDs. Fatigue often changes markedly within days and from day to day.IMIDs negatively effect organs and systems which may cause chronic fatigue, pain, skin manifestations, multiorgan dysfunction and sleep disturbance effects. Some IMIDs cause hyperalgesia.
Treatment and outlook
Meds, including biologics, help some IMID patients, although resistance may develop in time. Other IMID patients are unresponsive or intolerant to current meds.Stem cell therapy and CAR-T therapy are being researched for IMID.
Patients with IMIDs have increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
Epidemiology
IMIDs have been estimated to affect 3-7% of the population.A 2019 study found a split of incidence of new IMID cases of 6 IMID diseases as follows; asthma 55%, eczema 36%, psoriasis 7%, rheumatoid arthritis 2%, inflammatory bowel disease 0.7%, multiple sclerosis 0.1%.