Hypsolebias


Hypsolebias is a genus of small fish in the family Rivulidae that are endemic the Caatinga, Cerrado and nearby regions in Brazil. The greatest species richness is in the São Francisco River basin, but there are also species in the Tocantins, Jequitinhonha and Jaguaribe systems, as well as smaller river basins in northeastern Brazil. Like their relatives, Hypsolebias are annual killifish. The short-lived adults inhabit temporary waters like rain pools, laying their eggs in the bottom. As their habitat dries up the adults die, but the eggs survive and hatch when the water returns in the next season.
The males are more colorful than the females, and male colors/patterns are a primary way of separating the different species. They are small fish that reach up to in total length.

Species

Hypsolebias was formerly regarded as a subgenus of Simpsonichthys. Although this split is generally accepted, a genetic study indicates that Hypsolebias is not monophyletic.
There are 35 currently recognized species in Hypsolebias:Hypsolebias adornatus Hypsolebias antenori Hypsolebias auratus Hypsolebias brunoi Hypsolebias caeruleus Wilson [José Eduardo Moreira da Costa|W. J. E. M. Costa], 2013Hypsolebias carlettoi Hypsolebias coamazonicus Wilson José [Eduardo Moreira da Costa|W. J. E. M. Costa], Amorim & Bragança, 2014Hypsolebias faouri Britzke, D. T. B. Nielsen & C. de Oliveira, 2016Hypsolebias flagellatus Hypsolebias flammeus Hypsolebias flavicaudatus Hypsolebias fulminantis Hypsolebias ghisolfii Hypsolebias gilbertobrasili W. J. E. M. Costa, 2012Hypsolebias guanambi W. J. E. M. Costa & Amorim, 2011Hypsolebias harmonicus Hypsolebias hellneri Hypsolebias igneus Hypsolebias janaubensis Hypsolebias longignatus Hypsolebias lopesi Hypsolebias macaubensis Hypsolebias magnificus Hypsolebias martinsi Britzke, D. T. B. Nielsen & C. de Oliveira, 2016Hypsolebias mediopapillatus Hypsolebias nitens W. J. E. M. Costa, 2012Hypsolebias notatus Hypsolebias nudiorbitatus W. J. E. M. Costa, 2011Hypsolebias picturatus Hypsolebias pterophyllus W. J. E. M. Costa, 2012Hypsolebias radiosus Hypsolebias radiseriatus W. J. E. M. Costa, 2012Hypsolebias sertanejo W. J. E. M. Costa, 2012Hypsolebias shibattai D. T. B. Nielsen, M. Martins, L. M. de Araújo & Suzart, 2014Hypsolebias tocantinensis D. T. B. Nielsen, J. C. da Cruz & Arsênio [Caldeira Baptista Jr.|A. C. Baptista], 2012Hypsolebias trifasciatus D. T. B. Nielsen, M. Martins, L. M. de Araújo, F. O. de Lira & A. F. Martín, 2014