Halide mineral
Halide minerals are those minerals with a dominant halide anion. Complex halide minerals may also have polyatomic anions.
Examples include the following:
- Atacamite
- Avogadrite BF
- Bararite
- Bischofite
- Brüggenite
- Calomel
- Carnallite
- Carnallite
- Cerargyrite/Horn silver AgCl
- Chlorargyrite AgCl, bromargyrite AgBr, and iodargyrite AgI
- Cryolite
- Cryptohalite
- Dietzeite
- Eglestonite
- Embolite AgCl+AgBr
- Eriochalcite
- Fluorite
- Halite NaCl
- Lautarite
- Marshite CuI
- Miersite AgI
- Nantokite CuCl
- Sal Ammoniac
- Sylvite KCl
- Terlinguaite
- Tolbachite
- Villiaumite NaF
- Yttrocerite F2
- Yttrofluorite F2
- Zavaritskite F
Commercially significant halide minerals
Two commercially important halide minerals are halite and fluorite. The former is a major source of sodium chloride, in parallel with sodium chloride extracted from sea water or brine wells. Fluorite is a major source of hydrogen fluoride, complementing the supply obtained as a byproduct of the production of fertilizer. Carnallite and bischofite are important sources of magnesium. Natural cryolite was historically required for the production of aluminium, however, currently most cryolite used is produced synthetically.Many of the halide minerals occur in marine evaporite deposits. Other geologic occurrences include arid environments such as deserts. The Atacama Desert has large quantities of halide minerals as well as chlorates, iodates, oxyhalides, nitrates, borates and other water-soluble minerals. Not only do those minerals occur in subsurface geologic deposits, they also form crusts on the Earth's surface due to the low rainfall.
Nickel–Strunz Classification -03- Halides
IMA-CNMNC proposes a new hierarchical scheme. This list uses the Classification of Nickel–Strunz.;Abbreviations:REE: rare-earth element PGE: platinum-group element * : discredited ? : questionable/doubtful
Regarding 03.C Aluminofluorides, 06 Borates, 08 Vanadates, 09 Silicates:neso-: insular soro-: grouped cyclo-: ringed ino-: chained phyllo-: sheeted tecto-: of three-dimensional framework
;Nickel–Strunz code scheme NN.XY.##x:NN: Nickel–Strunz mineral class numberX: Nickel–Strunz mineral division letterY: Nickel–Strunz mineral family letter
Class: halides
- 03.A Simple halides, without H2O
- * 03.AA M:X = 1:1, 2:3, 3:5, etc.: Panichiite; 05 Nantokite, 05 Marshite, 05 Miersite; 10 Iodargyrite, 10 Tocornalite; 15 Bromargyrite, 15 Embolite*, 15 Chlorargyrite; 20 Carobbiite, 20 Griceite, 20 Halite, 20 Sylvite, 20 Villiaumite; 25 Sal ammoniac, 25 Lafossaite; 30 Calomel, 30 Kuzminite, 30 Moschelite; 35 Neighborite; 40 Chlorocalcite, 45 Kolarite, 50 Radhakrishnaite; 55 Hephaistosite, 55 Challacolloite
- * 03.AB M:X = 1:2: 05 Tolbachite, 10 Coccinite, 15 Sellaite; 20 Chloromagnesite*, 20 Lawrencite, 20 Scacchite; 25 Frankdicksonite, 25 Fluorite; 30 Tveitite-(Y); 35 Gagarinite-(Y); 35 Zajacite-(Ce)
- * 03.AC M:X = 1:3: 05 Zharchikhite, 10 Molysite; 15 Fluocerite-, 15 Fluocerite-, 20 Gananite
- 03.B Simple Halides, with H2O
- * 03.BA M:X = 1:1 and 2:3: 05 Hydrohalite, 10 Carnallite
- * 03.BB M:X = 1:2: 05 Eriochalcite, 10 Rokuhnite, 15 Bischofite, 20 Nickelbischofite, 25 Sinjarite, 30 Antarcticite, 35 Tachyhydrite
- * 03.BC M:X = 1:3: 05 Chloraluminite
- * 03.BD Simple Halides with H2O and additional OH: 05 Cadwaladerite, 10 Lesukite, 15 Korshunovskite, 20 Nepskoeite, 25 Koenenite
- 03.C Complex Halides
- * 03.C: Steropesite, IMA2008-032, IMA2008-039
- * 03.CA Borofluorides: 05 Ferruccite; 10 Avogadrite, 10 Barberiite
- * 03.CB Neso-aluminofluorides: 05 Cryolithionite; 15 Cryolite, 15 Elpasolite, 15 Simmonsite; 20 Colquiriite, 25 Weberite, 30 Karasugite, 35 Usovite; 40 Pachnolite, 40 Thomsenolite; 45 Carlhintzeite, 50 Yaroslavite
- * 03.CC Soro-aluminofluorides: 05 Gearksutite; 10 Acuminite, 10 Tikhonenkovite; 15 Artroeite; 20 Calcjarlite, 20 Jarlite, 20 Jorgensenite
- * 03.CD Ino-aluminofluorides: 05 Rosenbergite, 10 Prosopite
- * 03.CE Phyllo-aluminofluorides: 05 Chiolite
- * 03.CF Tekto-aluminofluorides: 05 Ralstonite, 10 Boldyrevite?, 15 Bogvadite
- * 03.CG Aluminofluorides with CO3, SO4, PO4: 05 Stenonite; 10 Chukhrovite-, 10 Chukhrovite-, 10 Chukhrovite-, 10 Meniaylovite; 15 Creedite, 20 Boggildite, 25 Thermessaite
- * 03.CH: 05 Malladrite, 10 Bararite; 15 Cryptohalite, 15 Hieratite; 20 Demartinite, 25 Knasibfite
- * 03.CJ With MX6 complexes; M = Fe, Mn, Cu: 05 Chlormanganokalite, 05 Rinneite; 10 Erythrosiderite, 10 Kremersite; 15 Mitscherlichite, 20 Douglasite, 30 Zirklerite
- 03.D Oxyhalides, Hydroxyhalides and Related Double Halides
- * 03.DA With Cu, etc., without Pb: 05 Melanothallite; 10a Atacamite, 10a Kempite, 10a Hibbingite, 10b Botallackite, 10b Clinoatacamite, 10b Belloite, 10c Gillardite, 10c Kapellasite, 10c Haydeeite, 10c Paratacamite, 10c Herbertsmithite; 15 Claringbullite, 20 Simonkolleite; 25 Buttgenbachite, 25 Connellite; 30 Abhurite, 35 Ponomarevite; 40 Calumetite, 40 Anthonyite; 45 Khaidarkanite, 50 Bobkingite, 55 Avdoninite, 60 Droninoite
- * 03.DB With Pb, Cu, etc.: 05 Diaboleite, 10 Pseudoboleite, 15 Boleite, 20 Cumengite, 25 Bideauxite, 30 Chloroxiphite, 35 Hematophanite; 40 Asisite, 40 Parkinsonite; 45 Murdochite, 50 Yedlinite
- * 03.DC With Pb, without Cu: 05 Laurionite, 05 Paralaurionite; 10 Fiedlerite, 15 Penfieldite, 20 Laurelite; 25 Zhangpeishanite, 25 Matlockite, 25 Rorisite, 25 Daubreeite, 25 Bismoclite, 25 Zavaritskite; 30 Nadorite, 30 Perite; 35 Aravaipaite, 37 Calcioaravaipaite, 40 Thorikosite, 45 Mereheadite, 50 Blixite, 55 Pinalite, 60 Symesite; 65 Ecdemite, 65 Heliophyllite; 70 Mendipite, 75 Damaraite, 80 Onoratoite, 85 Cotunnite, 90 Pseudocotunnite, 95 Barstowite
- * 03.DD With Hg: 05 Eglestonite, 05 Kadyrelite; 10 Poyarkovite, 15 Hanawaltite, 20 Terlinguaite, 25 Pinchite; 30 Mosesite, 30 Gianellaite; 35 Kleinite, 40 Tedhadleyite, 45 Vasilyevite, 50 Aurivilliusite, 55 Terlinguacreekite, 60 Kelyanite, 65 Comancheite
- * 03.DE With Rare-Earth Elements: 05 Haleniusite-(La)
- 03.X Unclassified Strunz Halogenides
- * 03.XX Unknown: 00 Hydrophilite?, 00 Hydromolysite?, 00 Yttrocerite*, 00 Lorettoite?, 00 IMA2009-014, 00 IMA2009-015