Gymnogeophagus
Gymnogeophagus is a genus of cichlid fishes from South America, where they are known from various river basins in southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. They are part of a group popularly known as eartheaters.
Species
There are currently 20 recognized extant species in this genus:Gymnogeophagus australis Gymnogeophagus balzanii Gymnogeophagus caaguazuensis Staeck, 2006Gymnogeophagus che Casciotta, S. E. Gómez & Toresanni, 2000 Gymnogeophagus constellatus L. R. Malabarba, M. C. Malabarba & R. E. dos Reis, 2015Gymnogeophagus gymnogenys Gymnogeophagus jaryi Alonso et al., 2019Gymnogeophagus labiatus Gymnogeophagus lacustris R. E. dos Reis & L. R. Malabarba, 1988Gymnogeophagus lipokarenos L. R. Malabarba, M. C. Malabarba & R. E. dos Reis, 2015Gymnogeophagus mekinos L. R. Malabarba, M. C. Malabarba & R. E. dos Reis, 2015Gymnogeophagus meridionalis R. E. dos Reis & L. R. Malabarba, 1988Gymnogeophagus missioneiro L. R. Malabarba, M. C. Malabarba & R. E. dos Reis, 2015Gymnogeophagus peliochelynion Turcati, Serra-Alanis & Malabarba, 2018Gymnogeophagus pseudolabiatus L. R. Malabarba, M. C. Malabarba & R. E. dos Reis, 2015Gymnogeophagus rhabdotus Gymnogeophagus setequedas R. E. dos Reis, L. R. Malabarba & Pavanelli, 1992Gymnogeophagus taroba Casciotta, Almirón, Piálek & Říčan, 2017Gymnogeophagus terrapurpura Loureiro, Zarucki, L. R. Malabarba & González-Bergonzoni, 2016Gymnogeophagus tiraparae González-Bergonzoni, Loureiro & Oviedo, 2009An extinct species Gymnogeophagus eocenicus lived during the Early Eocene of Argentina, around, representing one of the oldest known cichlids.