Gleichenia
Gleichenia is a genus of ferns. Its closest relative is the genus Stromatopteris, restricted to New Caledonia.
Description
These ferns have creeping rhizomes. The compound eaves fork multiple times, with the final leaf lobes ending in a pinnate arrangement. The sori are found at the bottom of the leaves and are made of a few sporangia. They are not covered by an indusium. The sori occur in a unique chamber in the laminar pits - a feature found only in this genus.Fossil record
The fossil record indicates that this genus had emerged by the late Jurassic period, although it was far more common in the early Cretaceous period. There is some evidence that it may have emerged even earlier - in the upper Triassic period. There are, however, multiple genera in the fossil record that show a similar leaf branching pattern to Gleichenia, which can make it difficult to determine the exact identity of a specimen that does not have adequately preserved fruiting bodies.Fossils have been found in across a wide geographic range including:
- The Pariwar formation in India
- Gardeshwar in India
- The Silty Beds of Bedfordshire in England.
- The USA
- New South Wales, Australia
Phylogeny
Phylogeny of Gleichenia
Unassigned species:
- Gleichenia alstonii Holttum
- Gleichenia elongata Baker
- Gleichenia matthewii Holttum
- Gleichenia paleacea Holttum
- Gleichenia peltophora Copel.
- Gleichenia ×punctulata Colenso
- Gleichenia vulcanica Blume