Gezähe


In German-speaking countries, the miner's toolset is known as a Gezähe formerly also abbreviated to Gezäh. It is a set of personally-owned mining tools and equipment needed by the miner in his daily work.
In coal mining in central Europe during the 19th and 20th centuries, every miner had his own set of tools. So that they could not be stolen, before the end of his shift they were either locked in a tool chest or threaded onto a tool ring which was then locked. To that end, all tools had a hole or eyelet. Tools that were not part of a miner's personal equipment and were only needed now and then, could be issued to the miner in the tool store in return for a token. Most tools were marked with a number, which was either stamped or welded to the tool.

Typical implements

Abbauhammer or Boxer: a mechanical pick for mining by handBohrgezähe: blasting or shooting tools and accessoriesDicker Hammer or Bello : a 20 kg sledge hammerGrubenbeil: miner's hatchet, a special type of hatchet with a hammer head at the blunt end
  • * Kaukamm: a hatchet sharpened on one-sideGezähekiste: lockable tool chestGezähering: lockable ring made of a circular iron ringKeilhaue: a pick (tool) with a single point
  • * Flügeleisen: a pick with two points, mainly used in historical coal mining to create the undercut and to extract coal
  • * Breithaue: mattock adze or hoe with a wide blade for soft rock like clay or brown coalKratze and Trog: paddle and basket or tub. The coal or ore material was shovelled into the basket using the paddle and then transported to the loading pointSäge: historically a mechanical saw, in modern times a compressed air or electric chain saw used to cut wood for shoringSchlägel und Eisen: miner's hammer and chisel, also the symbol of mining hammer and pickSeifengabel: a type of fork, used open-cast tin mining, similar to a pitchfork. A washer diverted streams in order to wash out the granules of tin ore present in surface layers, a process called streaming or hushing. The fork was used to throw clumps of earth into the sluice or channel used. The names of the German towns of Seiffen and Graupen were derived from this activity.
  • Schlackengabel or Firke: a slag fork, part of a smelter's tool set

Literature

  • Walter Bischoff, Heinz Bramann: Das kleine Bergbaulexikon. Zusammengestellt am Studiengang Bergtechnik der Fachhochschule Bergbau. 7. neu bearbeitete und erweiterte Auflage. Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen 1988,.
  • Konrad Wiedemann: Deutsches bergmännisches Gezähe von 1500 bis 1850. Aus dem Mittelalter in die Neuzeit. Ein Bericht. In: Lapis. 34, 6, 2009,, pp. 19–24.