German submarine U-997
German submarine U-997 was a Type VIIC/41 U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II.
She was laid down on 7 December 1942 by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg as yard number 197, launched on 18 August 1943 and commissioned on 23 September 1943 under Oberleutnant zur See Hans Lehmann.
Design
Like all Type VIIC/41 U-boats, U-977 had a displacement of when at the surface and while submerged. She had a total length of, a pressure hull length of, a beam of, and a draught of. The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 supercharged six-cylinder four-stroke diesel engines producing a total of and two BBC GG UB 720/8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of for use while submerged. The boat was capable of operating at a depth of.The submarine had a maximum surface speed of and a submerged speed of. When submerged, the boat could operate for at ; when surfaced, she could travel at. U-997 was fitted with three anti-aircraft guns, five torpedo tubes and fourteen torpedoes. Its complement was between forty-four and sixty.
Sensors
Passive sonar
U-997 was one of only ten Type VIIC's to be fitted with a Balkongerät. The Balkongerät was used on U-boats. The Balkongerät was standard on the Type XXI and the Type XXIII. Nonetheless, it was also fitted to several Type IXs and one Type X. The Balkongerät was an improved version of Gruppenhorchgerät . The GHG had 24 hydrophones, the Balkongerät had 48 hydrophones and improved electronics, which enabled more accurate readings to be taken.Service history
The boat's service career began on 23 September 1943 with the 5th Training Flotilla, followed by 12 months active service, with a succession of three flotillas, namely 9th Flotilla on 1 May 1944, then 13th Flotilla on 1 June 1944, and finally with 14th Flotilla on 1 March 1945.Wolfpacks
U-997 took part in seven wolfpacks, namely:- Grimm
- Trutz
- Grimm
- Regenschirm
- Panther
- Stier
- Hagen