German submarine U-991

German submarine U-991 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

Construction

The U-991 was laid down on 30 October 1942 at the Blohm & Voss yard in Hamburg, Germany. She was launched on 24 June 1943 and commissioned on 29 July 1943 under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Diethelm Balke. Her U-boat emblem was a diving eagle.
When she was completed, the submarine was long, with a beam of, a height of and a draft of. She was assessed at submerged. The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of for use while surfaced and two BBC GG UB 720/8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two propellers. The submarine was capable of operating at depths of up to, had a maximum surface speed of and a maximum submerged speed of.When submerged, the U-boat could operate for at and when surfaced, she could travel at.
The submarine was fitted with five torpedo tubes, fourteen torpedoes, one deck gun and a Flak M42 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of 44 to 57 men.

Service history

U-991 was used as a Training ship in the 5th U-boat Flotilla from 29 July 1943 until 31 August 1944 before serving in the 11th U-boat Flotilla for active service on 1 September 1944.

Training and tests

During U-991's service as a training ship, she completed a number of trainings and tests for the Kriegsmarine.

Date	Place	Activity
30 July – 19 August 1943	Keel	Trials at UAK
20 August 1943	Sonderborg	Auscultation at UAK
22 – 26 August 1943	Swinemünde	Flakausbildung at Flakschule
27 – 29 August 1943	Danzig	Trials at UAK
30 August – 4 September 1943	Hela	Front training at AGRU-Front
5 September 1943 – 5 February 1944	Flensburg	School boat
9 February – 11 May 1944	Hela	Front training at AGRU-Front
12 – 23 May 1944	Pillau	Torpedo shooting at the 26th U-boat Flotilla
24 May – 4 June 1944	Gotenhafen	Tactical Training at the 27th U-boat Flotilla
5 – 8 June 1944	Baltic Sea	March over Königsberg to Stettin. Equipment for the company Wallenstein
10 June – 14 August 1944	Königsberg	Remaining work in F. Schichau yard
15 – 16 August 1944	Danzig	Trials at UAK
21 – 26 August 1944	Swinemünde	Flakausbildung at Flakschule
29 August – 12 September 1944	Königsberg	Installation of a Schnorchel underwater-breathing apparatus
13 – 20 September 1944	Hela	Snorkel training at AGRU-Front
21 – 22 September 1944	Rönne	Auscultation at AUK
23 – 29 September 1944	Keel	Remaining work and equipment to the 1st company

Active Service

During her active service, U-991 made 1 patrol and left Kristiansand on 15 October 1944. Her patrol lasted 73 days and U-991 patrolled the North Atlantic from Norway, around the United Kingdom and Ireland and also to France before returning to Bergen. She arrived in Bergen on 26 December 1944, which marked the end of her first and only patrol during World War II.

Date	Port of Departure	Port of Arrival	Duration
5 – 7 October 1944	Kiel	Horten	3 days
11 – 12 October 1944	Horten	Kristiansand	2 days
15 October – 26 December 1944	Kristiansand	Bergen	73 days
27 – 29 December 1944	Bergen	Marviken	3 days
2 – 4 January 1945	Marviken	Flensburg	3 days
20 – 27 April 1945	Kiel	Horten	8 days
29 April – 4 May 1945	Horten	Bergen	6 days

In total, the U-991 spend 98 days at sea during her active service until 9 May 1945.

Capture And End

U-991 surrendered on 9 May 1945 at Bergen, Norway to the Allied Forces. The submarine was transferred from Bergen to Scapa Flow on 2 June 1945 and from Scapa Flow to Loch Ryan on 5 June 1945. She stayed in Loch Ryan for her immersion in Operation Deadlight until 11 December 1945, when she was towed to sea by the British Navy tug HMS Freedom.
U-991 was sunk at 12.15am on 11 December 1945 in the North Atlantic, North-West off the coast of Ireland by a torpedo from the British submarine HMS Tantivy. Her wreck still lies at.