French Africa
French Africa includes all the historic holdings of France on the African continent.
Françafrique
French North Africa
- Egypt
- French Algeria
- Protectorate of Tunisia
- Protectorate in Morocco
- Military Territory of Fezzan-Ghadames
French West Africa
- Ivory Coast
- Dahomey or French Dahomey
- * Independent of Dahomey, under French protectorate in 1889
- * Porto-Novo
- * Cotonou
- French Sudan
- * Senegambia and Niger
- Guinea or French Guinea
- Mauritania
- *Adrar emirate
- * The Taganit confederation's emirate
- * Brakna confederation's emirate
- * Emirate of Trarza
- Niger
- * Sultanate of Damagaram
- Senegal
- French Upper Volta
- French Togoland
- Nigeria
- * The Enclaves of Forcados and Badjibo
- * The Emirate of Muri
- Gambia
- * Albreda
- * Kunta Kinteh Island
French Equatorial Africa
- Chad
- Oubangui-Chari
- * Dar al Kuti
- * Sultanate of Bangassou
- Present-day The Republic of Congo, then French Congo
- Gabon
- French Cameroon
- São Tomé and Príncipe
East Africa and Indian Ocean
- Madagascar
- * Kingdom of Imerina
- Isle de France
- Djibouti
- French Egypt
- Mayotte
- Seychelles
- Chagos Archipelago
- The Scattered Islands
- Comoros
- Réunion
Policies and colonies
- Aldrich, Robert. Greater France: A History of French Overseas Expansion
- Baumgart, Winfried. Imperialism: The Idea and Reality of British and French Colonial Expansion, 1880–1914
- Betts, Raymond. Tricouleur: The French Overseas Empire, 174pp
- Betts, Raymond. Assimilation and Association in French Colonial Theory, 1890–1914
- Clayton, Anthony. The Wars of French Decolonization
- Cogneau, Denis, et al. "Taxation in Africa from Colonial Times to Present Evidence from former French colonies 1900-2018." :
- Conklin, Alice L. A Mission to Civilize: The Republican Idea of Empire in France and West Africa, 1895–1930
- Evans, Martin. "From colonialism to post-colonialism: the French empire since Napoleon." in Martin S. Alexander, ed., French History since Napoleon pp: 391–415.
- Gamble, Harry. Contesting French West Africa: Battles over Schools and the Colonial Order, 1900–1950. 378 pp.
- Jennings, Eric T. Imperial Heights: Dalat and the Making and Undoing of French Indochina.
- Lawrence, Adria. Imperial rule and the politics of nationalism: anti-colonial protest in the French empire.
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- Klein, Martin A. Slavery and colonial rule in French West Africa
- Manning, Patrick. Francophone Sub-Saharan Africa 1880-1995.
- Neres, Philip. French-speaking West Africa: From Colonial Status to Independence
- Priestley, Herbert Ingram. France overseas: a study of modern imperialism 464pp.
- Quinn, Frederick. The French Overseas Empire
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- Poddar, Prem, and Lars Jensen, eds., A historical companion to postcolonial literatures: Continental Europe and Its Empires, also
- Priestley, Herbert Ingram. France overseas;: A study of modern imperialism 463pp; encyclopedic coverage as of late 1930s
- Roberts, Stephen H. History of French Colonial Policy also ; Comprehensive scholarly history
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- Strother, Christian. "Waging War on Mosquitoes: Scientific Research and the Formation of Mosquito Brigades in French West Africa, 1899–1920." Journal of the history of medicine and allied sciences : jrw005.
- Thomas, Martin. The French Empire Between the Wars: Imperialism, Politics and Society covers 1919–1939
- Thompson, Virginia, and Richard Adloff. French West Africa.
- Wesseling, H.L. and Arnold J. Pomerans. Divide and rule: The partition of Africa, 1880–1914
- Wesseling, H.L. The European Colonial Empires: 1815–1919.
Decolonization
- Betts, Raymond F. Decolonization
- Betts, Raymond F. France and Decolonisation, 1900–1960
- Chafer, Tony. The end of empire in French West Africa: France's successful decolonization.
- Chamberlain, Muriel E. ed. Longman Companion to European Decolonisation in the Twentieth Century
- Clayton, Anthony. The wars of French decolonization.
- Cooper, Frederick. "French Africa, 1947–48: Reform, Violence, and Uncertainty in a Colonial Situation." Critical Inquiry 40#4 pp: 466–478.
- Ikeda, Ryo. The Imperialism of French Decolonisation: French Policy and the Anglo-American Response in Tunisia and Morocco
- Jansen, Jan C. & Jürgen Osterhammel. Decolonization: A Short History.
- Jones, Max, et al. "Decolonising imperial heroes: Britain and France." Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 42#5 : 787–825.
- Lawrence, Adria K. Imperial Rule and the Politics of Nationalism: Anti-Colonial Protest in the French Empire
- McDougall, James. "The Impossible Republic: The Reconquest of Algeria and the Decolonization of France, 1945–1962," The Journal of Modern History 89#4 pp 772–811
- Rothermund, Dietmar. Memories of Post-Imperial Nations: The Aftermath of Decolonization, 1945–2013 ; Compares the impact on Great Britain, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Portugal, Italy and Japan
- Rothermund, Dietmar. The Routledge companion to decolonization, comprehensive global coverage; 365pp
- Shepard, Todd. The Invention of Decolonization: The Algerian War and the Remaking of France
- Simpson, Alfred William Brian. Human Rights and the End of Empire: Britain and the Genesis of the European Convention.
- Smith, Tony. "A comparative study of French and British decolonization." Comparative Studies in Society and History 20#1 pp: 70–102.
- Smith, Tony. "The French Colonial Consensus and People's War, 1946–58." Journal of Contemporary History : 217–247.
- Thomas, Martin, Bob Moore, and Lawrence J. Butler. Crises of Empire: Decolonization and Europe's imperial states
- Von Albertini, Rudolf. Decolonization: the Administration and Future of the Colonies, 1919–1960, scholarly analysis of French policies, pp 265–469..
Images and impact on France
- Andrew, Christopher M., and Alexander Sydney Kanya-Forstner. "France, Africa, and the First World War." Journal of African History 19.1 : 11–23.
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- Andrew, C. M., and A. S. Kanya-Forstner. "The French 'Colonial Party': Its Composition, Aims and Influence, 1885-1914." Historical Journal 14#1 : 99–128. .
- August, Thomas G. The Selling of the Empire: British and French Imperialist Propaganda, 1890–1940
- Chafer, Tony, and Amanda Sackur. Promoting the Colonial Idea: Propaganda and Visions of Empire in France
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- Conkin, Alice L. A Mission to Civilize: The Republican Idea of Empire in France and West Africa, 1895-1930
- Dobie, Madeleine. Trading Places: Colonization & Slavery in 18th-Century French Culture
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- Rosenblum, Mort. Mission to Civilize: The French Way
- Rothermund, Dietmar. Memories of Post-Imperial Nations: The Aftermath of Decolonization, 1945–2013 ; Compares the impact on Great Britain, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Portugal, Italy and Japan
- Singer, Barnett, and John Langdon. Cultured Force: Makers and Defenders of the French Colonial Empire
- Thomas, Martin, ed. The French Colonial Mind, Volume 1: Mental Maps of Empire and Colonial Encounters ; ''The French Colonial Mind, Volume 2: Violence, Military Encounters, and Colonialism''
Historiography and memoir
- Bennington, Alice. "Writing Empire? The Reception of Post-Colonial Studies in France." Historical Journal 59#4: 1157–1186.
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- Lawrence, Adria K. Imperial Rule and the Politics of Nationalism: Anti-Colonial Protest in the French Empire