Francisco Henríquez y Carvajal


Francisco Hilario Henríquez y Carvajal was a medical doctor, lawyer, writer, educator and politician from the Dominican Republic, who was President of the Dominican Republic from July 1916 to November 1916. His tenure as President ended with the US occupation of the Dominican Republic. He went into exile in Cuba.

Life and career

Henríquez was born in Santo Domingo, to a family descended from Sephardic Jews who immigrated in the 19th century from Curaçao from the Netherlands. After studying extensively in his homeland, beginning in 1887, Henríquez moved to Paris for four years, earning a doctorate in Medicine the University of Paris. He returned to the Dominican Republic, where he practiced medicine and taught. He served as editor of the newspaper El Maestro, but left the country during the dictatorship of Ulises Heureaux. While away, he befriended Juan Isidro Jiménez and returned to the Dominican Republic in 1899 to serve as Minister of Foreign Affairs when Heureaux was assassinated and Jiménez was made president.
He was married Salomé Ureña, a poet, from 1880 until her death in 1898. He had 4 children, Pedro, Francisco,, and Camila. His second wife was Natividad Lauransón Amiama.
Following the fall of Jiménez in 1902, Henríquez established residence in Cuba and practiced medicine. He returned briefly to his country of birth following the interim government of Horacio Vásquez in 1903, but he left several months later. In 1907, President Ramón Cáceres sent him as a delegate to the Hague Convention. In 1911 Henríquez served as an emissary to Haiti following border disputes.
In 1916, Henríquez was on a diplomatic mission when he learned that the Dominican Republic had been occupied by the United States. The Council of Secretaries of State led by Horacio Vásquez elected Henríquez President. He served from 31 July to 26 November 1916. His successor was United States military governor Harry Shepard Knapp.
During the presidency of Rafael Trujillo, he served as envoy in France and Cuba from 1930 to 1935.

Death and legacy

Henríquez died in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba in 1935 at the age of 76 and is buried in National Pantheon of the Dominican Republic in Santo Domingo.
Dominican educator and feminist Rosa Smester Marrero praised Henríquez in her writings while he was still alive. She had written to Henríquez in May 1920 to donate to the Nationalist cause during the American occupation, In her 1929 article Así es, she praised Henríquez's intellectual attributes, which lent him to being an "enlightened" feminist man.

Selected publications

  • "La hija del Hebreo"
  • "Ramón Mella"
  • "Informe sobre la seguridad Conferencia Internacional Americana"
  • "Juvenilia"
  • "Dolorosa"
  • "Derecho Internacional Público y la Guerra"
  • "Discurso pro-Pablo Duarte"
  • "Páginas Selectas"
  • "Cuba y Quisqueya"
  • "Rosa de la tarde"
  • "Guarocuya. Monólogo de Enriquillo El"
  • "Todo por Cuba"
  • "Nacionalismo"
  • "Del Amor y del Dolor"
  • "Páginas electas"
  • "Mi Álbum de Sonetos "
  • " Etica y Estética "
  • " historicos Romances "
  • Bani "
  • " El poema de la historia. fragmento de un poema inconcluso "
  • " Cuentos "