Four heavenly ministers
The Four Heavenly Ministers , also translated as the Four Sovereigns, are four of the highest sky deities of Daoism and subordinate only to The Great Jade Emperor. They assist the Jade Emperor in administering all phenomenon of the universe. The Four Heavenly Ministers are four deputies assisting the Heavenly Jade Emperor in governing the heaven and earth. They are highly revered in Taoism and positioned just after the Heavenly Jade Emperor.
Four Sovereigns
The Four Heavenly Ministers are:- the Southern Apex Longevity Great Emperor
- the Great Emperor of the North Star (Polaris) in the Purple Forbidden enclosure at the center of Heaven (Tian)
- the Great Heavenly Emperor of the Highest Palace of the Curved Array (Little Dipper)
- the Empress of the Earth
Six Sovereigns
In some later Daoist accounts, this group is extended to six. The Six Heavenly Ministers include, in addition to the prior four:- the King Father of the East, also called the Sovereign of the Eastern Florescence
- the Queen Mother of the West, also called the Primordial Lady Golden Mother
- the Old Man of the South Pole
- the Heavenly Lord of Supreme Oneness and Salvation from Misery, also called the East Pole Emperor of Blue Essence