Flag and coat of arms of Johor
The flag and coat of arms of Johor are the official state symbols of Johor, which has been a state of Malaysia since 1963. As with other Malaysian states with Malay royalty, Johor's symbols reflect the influence of its royal institution, as well as elements of Islam and the state's political and natural heritage. Many of these symbols, including the present flag and coat of arms, predate modern Malaysia. They were already in use when Johor functioned as a more sovereign kingdom, and continued after the state came under the indirect control of the United Kingdom in 1885 and later a part of the British Unfederated Malay States.
Flag
Design
Johor's state flag bears a canton pattern, a predominantly navy blue design with a bright red field on the upper left canton (quarter), which contains a white crescent and a white five-pointed star. Running slightly less than half the length of the flag, the field unconventionally occupies roughly three fifths of the flag's hoist. In addition, the crescent is not aligned upright, tilting to the right towards the lower fly end and wrapping slightly around the star, which is positioned towards the lower right corner of the field.The flag in general attempts to symbolise Johor as a whole. The navy blue, which occupies roughly three quarters of the flag, represents the universe, or the state government. The red represents the warriors that defend the state, while the white crescent and white star denote Islam and Johor's sovereign ruler, respectively.
Variants
The vast majority of flags in use or formerly used by officials and government branches in the state borrow elements of the state flag, some of which are merely recolours. With the introduction of a unified state flag, many of them became obsolete, with the exception of the Royal Standards.Standards
A series of Royal Standards are flown by the Sultan of Johor and his family, which lower-ranking members are assigned specific Standards. In addition, standards were also adopted for traditional high-ranking officials, including the bendahara, the Temenggung and the Sultan's Marshall.The Standards are typically plain flags with a star and crescent, with truncating triangles placed on each corner of the flag; only the Standards of the Sultan and the Crown Prince are depicted without the truncations. In addition, each flag, with the exception of the Sultan's Enquerries, are coloured in only two colours, including white, blue, red and yellow. The number of points on the star also determines the rank of the Standard holder: The Sultan's Standard depicts a nine-pointed star, while the Standard for other members of the royal family depicts a five-pointed star.
The series of Standards include:the Standard of the Sultan: A white flag with a blue nine-pointed star and crescent;the Standard of the Permaisuri: A blue flag with a white seven-pointed star and crescent and four white triangles on each corner;the Standard of the Crown Prince: A white flag with a red seven-pointed star and crescent;the Standard of the Crown Prince's Consort: A red flag with a white five-pointed star and crescent and four white triangles on each corner;the Standard of the Raja Muda: A white flag with a blue seven-pointed star and crescent and four blue triangles on each corner;the Standard of the Regent: A yellow-blue per bend divided flag with a red five-pointed star and crescent in the centre;the Standard of the Tun: A white flag with a yellow five-pointed star and crescent and four yellow triangles on each corner;the Standard of the Bendahara: A white flag with a red five-pointed star and crescent and four red triangles on each corner;the Standard of the Temenggong: Yellow flag with blue five-pointed star and crescent and four blue triangles on each corner;the Standard of the Laksamana: Blue flag with yellow five-pointed star and crescent and four yellow triangles on each corner;
- the Standard of the Panglima: Blue flag with red five-pointed star and crescent and four red triangles on each corner;
- the Standard of the Putera: Red flag with blue five-pointed star and crescent and four blue triangles on each corner;
- the Standard of the Sultan's Equerries: Black field with red canton containing a five-pointed white star and crescent, similar to the civil flag and ensign, but features a swallowtail that extends close to canton; andthe Standard for other members of the royal family: A yellow flag with a blue five-pointed star and crescent.
Governmental flags
As of 1939, flags were flown by numerous state officials in Johor, including the governing heads of state or district. The vast majority of flag consist of only a plain coloured flag with a five-pointed star and crescent similar to that from the state flag, with some divided diagonally a la party per bend. They include:the flag of the Chief Minister of Johor: A blue flag with a white five-pointed star and crescent in the centre;the Military flag: A blue flag with yellow canton containing a red five-pointed star and crescent, and a white crossed kris and sword on the lower fly;the Commercial flag: A black flag with a red canton containing a white five-pointed star and crescent;the Marine flag: A white flag with blue canton containing a red five-pointed star and crescent;the Police flag: A red flag with black canton containing a white five-pointed star and crescent;the State Ceremonial Flag: A red flag with a white five-pointed star and crescent, and a yellow and blue bordure.the Marine Jack A blue flag with a red five-pointed star and crescent, and a white bordure.the Territorial Government Boat Ensign A black flag with red canton containing a white five-pointed star and crescent, and a red lozenge containing a white five-pointed star and crescent on the lower fly;the Government Official Pennant A blue pennant containing a white five-pointed star and crescent;the flag of the State Commissioner for Muar: An orthogonally quartered flag with the first quarter coloured red with a white five-pointed star and crescent, the second and third quarters coloured black, and the fourth quarter coloured yellow with a red five-pointed star and crescent; formerly Flag of the State Commissioner for Muar ; now has been re-introduced back as Muar Flag by the Muar District Office.the flag of the State Commissioner for Batu Pahat: A red-black per bend divided flag with a white five-pointed star and crescent in the centre; andthe flag of the State Commissioner for Segamat: A red-white per bend divided flag with a yellow five-pointed star and crescent in the centre.In addition, pennants were known to be flown, illustrated as a triangular flag containing the same five pointed star and crescent. The "State Officials' Pennant" was coloured blue with a white star and crescent, while another variant of unknown use was coloured yellow with a blue star and crescent.
District flags
Johor has ten administrative districts, each assigned their own district-level flags. They were introduced on 3 March 2015.| District | Flag | Banner | Field colour | Symbolisation |
| Johor Bahru | Red White Blue | A red-blue per bend divided flag with a white five-pointed star and crescent in the centre. | ||
| Kulai | Red White Blue | An orthogonally quartered flag with the first and fourth quarters coloured red, and the second and third quarters coloured blue with white five-pointed star and crescent in the centre. | ||
| Pontian | Red White Blue | A red-blue horizontally divided flag with a white five-pointed star and crescent in the centre. | ||
| Batu Pahat | Red White Black | A red-black per bend divided flag with a white five-pointed star and crescent in the centre. | ||
| Muar | Red White Black Yellow | An orthogonally quartered flag with the first quarter coloured red with a white five-pointed star and crescent, the second and third quarters coloured black, and the fourth quarter coloured yellow with a red five-pointed star and crescent. | ||
| Tangkak | Red White Blue | A blue triangle on a red field flag with a white five-pointed star and crescent in the centre. The triangle symbolise Mount Ledang, a highest mountain in Johor. | ||
| Segamat | Red White Yellow | A red-white per bend divided flag with a yellow five-pointed star and crescent in the centre. | ||
| Kluang | Red White Blue | A blue field with a red diagonal band from the lower hoist side to the upper fly side with a white five-pointed star and crescent in the centre. | ||
| Mersing | Red White Blue | Two equal horizontal bands of white and blue with a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side with a white five-pointed star and crescent at the hoist. The white at an upper field symbolise South China Sea. | ||
| Kota Tinggi | Red White Blue | A diagonal tricolour of red, white and blue radiating from the lower hoist side corner with white five-pointed star and crescent at the upper hoist side. The white at a centre field symbolise Johor River where the old Sultanate of Johor was established here on 1528. |
Obsolete state flag
The Johorean flag is known to date back as early as the 1850s, when a flag that consisted of a simple black flag with a white canton shaped as a square was flown by the Sultanate between 1855 and 1865. The design was also adopted by Trumong, in present-day Indonesia.Coat of arms
Johor's coat of arms derives its layout heavily from Western heraldry, consisting of a central shield topped by a crown, sided by two supporters, and includes a compartment and motto at the bottom. Details of the arms' elements are:;Crown
;Escutcheon
;Supporters
;Compartment and motto
There were two versions of Johor State Arms prior to the current one adopted in 1892. The first one adopted in 1858 consisted of the Royal Crown, an oval shield featuring a crescent and star and pepper and gambier branches. The second one adopted in 1888 feature three asterisks or Cloves surrounding a crescent and star on a white shield.
City, district and municipal council emblems
All 16 local governments in Johor have their own emblem, which evolved in design throughout history. Each design may reflect a municipality's identities and or the roles and responsibilities of its local authority. Since 2018, two elements of the state coat of arms – the two rampant tigers and the royal crown of Johor have been incorporated by the state government, and become the common features of all the state's local government emblems to reflect the state's rapid economic development; although slightly differ in appearance. This results in emblems that look almost similar in style to the State Coat of Arms.| Emblem | Municipality | Local government | Other notable element | Motto |
| Batu Pahat | Batu Pahat Municipal Council |
| Majlis Perbandaran Batu Pahat Maju dan Sejahtera | |
| Iskandar Puteri | Iskandar Puteri City Council |
| Majlis Bandaraya Iskandar Puteri | |
| Johor Bahru | Johor Bahru City Council |
| Berkhidmat, Berbudaya, Berwawasan Bandaraya Johor Bahru | |
| Kluang | Kluang Municipal Council |
| Maju Sejahtera Majlis Perbandaran Kluang | |
| Kota Tinggi | Kota Tinggi District Council |
| 1528 Harmoni Berbudaya Majlis Daerah Kota Tinggi | |
| Kulai | Kulai Municipal Council |
| 2004 Majlis Perbandaran Kulai | |
| Labis | Labis District Council |
| Majlis Daerah Labis Berkhidmat untuk Rakyat | |
| Mersing | Mersing District Council |
| MDM Perkhidmatan Untuk Rakyat | |
| Muar | Muar Municipal Council |
| Kepada Allah Berserah Majlis Perbandaran Muar | |
| Pasir Gudang | Pasir Gudang City Council |
| Majlis Bandaraya Pasir Gudang | |
| Pengerang | Pengerang Municipal Council |
| Majlis Perbandaran Pengerang | |
| Pontian | Pontian Municipal Council |
| 1976 Majlis Perbandaran Pontian Setia Khidmat | |
| Segamat | Segamat Municipal Council |
| Khidmat Untuk Rakyat Majlis Perbandaran Segamat | |
| Simpang Renggam | Simpang Renggam District Council |
| Usaha Maju Jaya Majlis Daerah Simpang Renggam | |
| Tangkak | Tangkak District Council |
| Berusaha Untuk Makmur Majlis Daerah Tangkak | |
| Yong Peng | Yong Peng District Council |
| Majlis Daerah Yong Peng |