List of fishes of Montana

There are at least 31 game and 59 non-game fish species known to occur in Montana. Among Montana's fish, three are listed as endangered or threatened species and the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks lists a number of species as species of concern.
Species are listed by common name, scientific name, typical habitat and occurrence. Common and scientific names are from the Montana Field Guide.

Game fish

Trout

Order: Salmoniformes, Family: Salmonidae

Native species
* Westslope cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi
* Yellowstone cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri
* Columbia River redband trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri
* Bull trout, Salvelinus confluentus
* Montana Arctic grayling, Thymallus arcticus montanus
* Lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush
* Mountain whitefish, Prosopium williamsoni
* Pygmy whitefish, Prosopium coulteri
* Lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis
Non-native, exotic species
* Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss
* Brown trout, Salmo trutta
* Golden trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss aguabonita
* Brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis
* Arctic grayling, Thymallus arcticus - adfluvial grayling introduced into Montana Lakes
* Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
* Kokanee salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka
* Cisco, ''Coregonus artedi''

Paddlefish

Order: Acipenseriformes, Family: Polyodontidae

Paddlefish, ''Polyodon spathula''

Pike

Order: Esociformes, Family: Esocidae

Non-native, exotic species
* Northern pike, Esox lucius
* Tiger muskellunge, Esox masquinongy × ''lucius''

Bass, Sunfish

Order: Perciformes, Family: Centrarchidae

Non-native, exotic species
* Black crappie, Pomoxis nigromaculatus
* Largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides
* Smallmouth bass, Micropterus dolomieu
* White crappie, ''Pomoxis annularis''

Perch

Order: Perciformes, Family: Percidae

Native species
* Sauger, Sander canadensis
Non-native, exotic species
* Yellow perch, Perca flavescens
* Walleye, ''Sander vitreus''

Catfish

Order: Siluriformes, Family: Ictaluridae

Native species
* Channel catfish, ''Ictalurus punctatus''

Sturgeon

Order: Acipenseriformes, Family: Acipenseridae

Native species
* Pallid sturgeon, Scaphirhynchus albus
* Shovelnose sturgeon, Scaphirhynchus platorynchus
* White sturgeon, ''Acipenser transmontanus''

Burbot

Order: Gadiformes, Family: Gadidae

Native species
* Burbot, ''Lota lota''

Non-game fish

Bass, sunfish

Order: Perciformes, Family: Centrarchidae

Non-native, exotic species
* Bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus
* Green sunfish, Lepomis cyanellus
* Pumpkinseed, Lepomis gibbosus
* Rock bass, ''Ambloplites rupestris''

Perch

Order: Perciformes, Family: Percidae

Native species
* Iowa darter, ''Etheostoma exile''

Temperate basses

Order: Perciformes, Family: Moronidae

Non-native, exotic species
* White bass, ''Morone chrysops''

Catfish

Order: Siluriformes, Family: Ictaluridae

Native species
* Stonecat, Noturus flavus
Non-native, exotic species
* Black bullhead, Ameiurus melas
* Yellow bullhead, ''Ameiurus natalis''

Drum

Order: Perciformes, Family: Sciaenidae

Native species
* Freshwater drum, ''Aplodinotus grunniens''

Smelt

Order: Salmoniformes, Family: Osmeridae

Non native, exotic species
*Rainbow smelt, ''Osmerus mordax''

Gars

Order: Lepisosteiformes. Family: Lepisosteidae

Native species
* Shortnose gar, ''Lepisosteus platostomus''

Mooneyes

Order: Hiodontiformes, Family: Hiodontidae

Native species
* Goldeye, ''Hiodon alosoides''

Mollies

Order: Cyprinodontiformes, Family: Poeciliidae

Non-native, exotic species
* Green swordtail, Xiphophorus helleri
* Sailfin molly, Poecilia latipinna
* Shortfin molly, Poecilia mexicana
* Variable platyfish, Xiphophorus variatus
* Western mosquitofish, ''Gambusia affinis''

Killifish

Order: Cyprinodontiformes, Family: Fundulidae

Non-native, exotic species
* Northern Plains killifish, Fundulus kansae
* Banded killifish, ''Fundulus diaphanus''

Minnows

Order: Cypriniformes, Family: Cyprinidae

Native species
* Brassy minnow, Hybognathus hankinsoni
* Emerald shiner, Notropis atherinoides
* Fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas
* Flathead chub, Platygobio gracilis
* Golden shiner, Notemigonus crysoleucas
* Longnose dace, Rhinichthys cataractae
* Northern pikeminnow, Ptychocheilus oregonensis
* Northern redbelly dace, Phoxinus eos
* Peamouth, Mylocheilus caurinus
* Allegheny pearl dace, Margariscus margarita
* Northern pearl dace, Margariscus nachtriebi
* Plains minnow, Hybognathus placitus
* Redside shiner, Richardsonius balteatus
* Sand shiner, Notropis stramineus
* Sicklefin chub, Macrhybopsis meeki
* Western silvery minnow, Hybognathus argyritis
* Sturgeon chub, Macrhybopsis gelida
* Lake chub, Couesius plumbeus
* Creek chub, Semotilus atromaculatus
Non-native, exotic species
* Goldfish, Carassius auratus
* Common carp, Cyprinus carpio
* Spottail shiner, Notropis hudsonius
* Utah chub, ''Gila atraria''

Suckers

Order: Cypriniformes, Family: Catostomidae

Native species
* Bigmouth buffalo, Ictiobus cyprinellus
* Blue sucker, Cycleptus elongatus
* Largescale sucker, Catostomus macrocheilus
* Longnose sucker, Catostomus catostomus
* Mountain sucker, Catostomus platyrhynchus
* River carpsucker, Carpiodes carpio
* Shorthead redhorse, Moxostoma macrolepidotum
* Smallmouth buffalo, Ictiobus bubalus
* White sucker, ''Catostomus commersoni''

Mudminnows

Order: Esociformes, Family: Umbridae

Non-native, exotic species
* Central mudminnow, ''Umbra limi''

Sculpins

Order: Scorpaeniformes, Family: Cottidae

Native species
* Deepwater sculpin, Myoxocephalus thompsonii
* Mottled sculpin, Cottus bairdi
* Slimy sculpin, Cottus cognatus
* Spoonhead sculpin, Cottus ricei
* Torrent sculpin, ''Cottus rhotheus''

Sticklebacks

Order: Gasterosteiformes, Family: Gasterosteidae

Native species
* Brook stickleback, ''Culaea inconstans''

Trout-perch

Order: Percopsiformes, Family: Percopsidae

Native species
*Trout-perch, ''Percopsis omiscomaycus''