First Baptist Church (Boston)
The First Baptist Church is a historic American Baptist Churches USA congregation, established in 1665. It is one of the oldest Baptist churches in the United States. It first met secretly in members homes, and the doors of the first church were nailed shut by a decree from the Puritans in March 1680. The congregation was forced to move to Noddle's Island. The congregation was forced to be disguised as a tavern and members traveled by water to worship. Rev. Dr. Stillman led the congregation in the North End for over 40 years, from 1764 to 1807. The congregation moved to Beacon Hill in 1854, where it was the tallest steeple in the city. After a slow demise under Rev. Dr. Rollin Heber Neale, the congregation briefly joined with the Shawmut Ave. Church, and the Warren Avenue Tabernacle, and merged and bought the current church building in 1881, for $100,000.00. Since 1882 it has been located at the corner of Commonwealth Avenue and Clarendon Street in the Back Bay. The interior is currently a pending Boston Landmark through the Boston Landmarks Commission.
History
1665–1837
The congregation was founded in 1665 despite a Massachusetts law prohibiting opposition to infant baptism. Many of the early members of the church were persecuted and imprisoned by the state church for heresy, including the first pastor, Thomas Gould. Shortly before the founding of the church, the first Harvard College president, Henry Dunster, was forced to resign his position for refusing to baptize his infant. Dunster had been theologically influenced by Dr. John Clarke and other Rhode Island Baptists persecuted in Massachusetts. During King Philip's War, John Myles pastored the congregation while on hiatus from the First Baptist Church in Swansea, which was the first church in the state. "In 1679, the Boston Baptists built a meetinghouse in the North End of Boston, at the corner of Salem and Stillman Streets....In the early 1700s, the small building was replaced by a larger wooden one on the same site. Here the congregation flourished, for 43 years under the leadership of Samuel Stillman." Samuel Stillman kept the doors open for services while the British invaded Boston and is said to have preached against them every single service.In 1682, under the watch of William Screven, the congregation organised a spinoff mission in present-day Kittery, Maine; as a result of issues with Congregationalism in the 1690s, the congregation moved to Charleston, South Carolina and is the modern day First Baptist Church meeting in Charleston, South Carolina.