List of Finnish locomotives
This is a list of locomotives and multiple units that have been used in Finland. VR Group had a monopoly on passenger traffic until 1.1.2021, but is currently the only passenger operator on the Finnish rail network. Some trainsets are however owned by other companies such as. The Finnish railways are laid to the gauge of [5 ft and 1520 mm gauge railways|].
Classification system
At the beginning of traffic, locomotives were distinguished by their names, and by 1865 also by their numbers. In 1887, the locomotives were given their original classification system. It was based on the wheel arrangement of the locomotives: each wheel arrangement was assigned a letter of the alphabet, which was followed by a serial number. The assignment of letters to different wheel arrangements was made when the first locomotive using it was brought into service; the letter A signified a 4-4-0 wheelbase in the Whyte notation, B signified a 0-4-2ST locomotive, C a 0-6-0 locomotive, and so on.On 8 October 1942, the notation system was changed to two letters and a serial number. The first letter in the designation now signified the types of trains the locomotive was generally planned to haul:H for passenger trains,P for local (commuter) trains,T for freight trains,S for mixed freight-passenger trains andV for a switcher locomotive.
The second small letter indicated the weight of the locomotive:
- r = heavy
- v = midweight
- k = light
- m = mechanical transmission
- s = electrical transmission.
The current VR locomotive classification system was taken into use on 1 January 1976. The first letter was now used to differentiate between locomotive types: S for electric, D for diesel and T for maintenance equipment. The serial numbers of diesel locomotive classes were not changed, the Hr11 class becoming Dr11. In addition to this the borderline between midweight and heavy locomotives was changed to 15.1 tons and the second letter in multiple units is always m.
The multiple unit classification system follows a similar logic as the locomotive classification system: the first letter signifies the power source and wood gas, followed by the letter m signifyng a multiple unit, followed by a serial number.
Petrol-Paraffin locomotives
Petrol-Paraffin locomotive references
Data from:- Finnish Railway Museum official website
Steam locomotives
| Image | Class | In service | Numbers | Type | Manufacturer | Wheel arrangement | Notes |
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class A1 | 1860–1911 | 1–6 | Passenger Steam Locomotive | Canada Works, Peto, Brassey and Betts | 4-4-0 | ||
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class A2 | 1866– | 7–8 | Passenger Steam Locomotive | Canada Works | 4-4-0 | ||
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class A3 | 1869– | 11–20, 44–47, 178–182, 222–227 | Passenger Steam Locomotive | Dübs & Company | 4-4-0 | ||
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class A4 | 1872–1918 | 63–71 | Passenger Steam Locomotive | Baldwin Locomotive Works | 4-4-0 | ||
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class A5 | 1874– 1927 | 57–58 | Passenger Steam Locomotive | Helsingfors / VRHki Valtionrautatiet, Helsingin konepaja | 4-4-0 | “Lankkihattu”; No 58 preserved at the Finnish Railway Museum | |
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class A6 | 1874– | 59–61, 90–99 | Passenger Steam Locomotive | G. Sigl Locomotiv-Fabrik | 4-4-0 | ||
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class A7 | 1898– | 228–231 | Passenger Steam Locomotive | Swiss Locomotive & Machine Works | 4-4-0 | ||
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class B1 | 1868–1928 | 9–10, 53–56, 150–151 | Shunter Steam Locomotive | Beyer, Peacock & Company | 0-4-2ST | “Ram”, No 9 preserved at the Finnish Railway Museum. The oldest preserved locomotive in Finland. | |
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class B2 | 1880– | 100 | Shunter Steam Locomotive | Beyer, Peacock & Company | 0-4-2ST | ||
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class C1 | 1869–1926 | 21–30 | Freight Steam Locomotive | Neilson & Company No 1427 | 0-6-0 | “Bristollari”, No 21 preserved at the Finnish Railway Museum. The second oldest preserved locomotive in Finland. | |
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class C2 | 1869– | 31–43, 48–52 | Freight Steam Locomotive | Avonside Engine Company, Bristol | 0-6-0 | “Bristollari” | |
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class C3 | 1872–? | 74–75 | Freight Steam Locomotive | 0-6-0 | |||
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class C4 | 1875–? | 62, 78–89 | Freight Steam Locomotive | 0-6-0 | |||
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class C5 | 1881–1930 | 101–114 | Freight Steam locomotive | Hanomag, Hannover No 1477 | 0-6-0 | “Bliksti”, No 110 preserved at the Finnish Railway Museum | |
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class C6 | 100 | Freight Steam Locomotive | 0-6-0 | ||||
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class D1 | 72–73 | 2-4-0 | |||||
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class E1 | 1875–? | 76–77 | 0-4-0WT | ||||
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class R2 | 74–75 | 2-6-2WT | |||||
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class F1 | 1885–1935 | 63–64, 115–116,132–133 | Passenger Steam Locomotive | Swiss Locomotive & Machine Works Societe Suisse No 434 | 0-4-4RT | “Felix”, No 132 preserved at the Finnish Railway Museum | |
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class F2 | 1899–? | 65 | Baldwin Locomotive Works | 2-4-2RT | |||
| Finnish Steam Locomotive Class M1 | 1913–? | 66 | Tampella | 2-8-0T | |||
| VR Class Hk1 | 1898–1959 | 232–241,291–300,322–333 | Mixed Traffic Steam Locomotive | Baldwin Locomotive Works built 232–241, Richmond Locomotive Works built 291–300, 322–333 | 4-6-0 | “Big-Wheel Kaanari”, No 293 preserved at the Finland Station, St.Petersburg, Russia | |
| VR Class Hk2 | 437–446,448–451 | Mixed Traffic Steam Locomotive | 4-6-0 | ||||
| VR Class Hk3 | 447,452–453,471–486 | Mixed Traffic Steam Locomotive | 4-6-0 | ||||
| VR Class Hk5 | 1909–1959 | 439–515 | Mixed Traffic Steam Locomotive | 4-6-0 | No. 497 is preserved at Haapamäki | ||
| VR Class Hr1 | 1937–1974 | 1000–1021 | Passenger Steam Locomotive | Lokomo Oy and Tampella Oy | 4-6-2 | “Ukko-Pekka”; Not in service 1972; Returned to Service due to oil crisis | |
| VR Class Hr2 | 1942–1953 | 1900–1906 | Passenger Steam Locomotive | NOHAB | 4-6-0 | “Hurricane”; | |
| VR Class Hr3 | 1942–1953 | 1907–1919 | Passenger Steam Locomotive | NOHAB | 4-6-0 | “Hurricane”; | |
| VR Class Hv1 | 1915–1967 | 545–578,648–655 | Passenger Steam Locomotive | Tampella, Tampereen Pellava- ja Rautateollisuus Oy ; Lokomo Oy | 4-6-0 | "Heikki", Hv1 555 only was nicknamed "Princess"; No 555 preserved at the Finnish Railway Museum | |
| VR Class Hv2 | 1919–1968 | 579–593,671–684,777–780 | Passenger Steam Locomotive | L. Schwartzkopff and Lokomo | 4-6-0 | “Heikki”, No 680 is preserved at Haapamäki | |
| VR Class Hv3 | 1921–1970 | 638–647,781–785,991–999 | Passenger Steam Locomotive | Tampella, Tampereen Pellava- ja Rautateollisuus Oy; L. Schwartzkopff and Lokomo | 4-6-0 | “Heikki”, The following are preserved No 781 Kerava, No 995 Suolahti, No 998 Haapamäki | |
| VR Class Hv4 | 1912–1964 | 516–529,742–751,757–760 | Passenger Steam Locomotive | Lokomo Oy and Tampella Oy | 4-6-0 | “Pikku-Heikki”,Nos 742 & 751 are preserved Haapamäki | |
| VR Class Pr1 | 1924–1972 | 761–776 | Local Passenger Steam Locomotive | Hanomag; Tampella Tampereen Pellava- ja Rautateollisuus Oy, Lokomo Oy | 2-8-2T | “Paikku”, No 776 preserved at the Finnish Railway Museum | |
| VR Class Pr2 | 1942–1960 | 1800–1803 | Local Passenger Steam Locomotive | Henschel & Son | 4-6-4T | "Henschel" No 1800 preserved at Haapamäki | |
| VR Class Rro | 1914–? | 1–2 | Tampella Tampereen Pellava- ja Rautateollisuus Oy | 0-4-0T | No. 2 preserved at the Finnish Railway Museum | ||
| VR Class Sk1 | 1885– | 117–131,134–149,152–172,183–190 | Mixed Traffic Steam Locomotive | Swiss Locomotive & Machine Works Societe Suisse No 405 | 2-6-0 | “Little Brown”; No 124 preserved at the Finnish Railway Museum | |
| VR Class Sk2 | 1896–1963 | 196–213,314–321,360–372 | Mixed Traffic Steam Locomotive | Tampella | 2-6-0 | No 315 is preserved at Tampere, Tampella | |
| VR Class Sk3 | 1892–1960 | 173–177,191–195,214–221,334–359,373–406,427–436 | Mixed Traffic Locomotive | Tampella Tammerfors Linne-&Jern-Manufakt.A.B. No 49 | 2-6-0, | “Grandmother”; No 400 preserved at the Finnish Railway Museum | |
| VR Class Sk4 | 1898-1960 | 242–253,306–313 | Mixed Traffic Steam Locomotive | Baldwin Locomotive Works | 2-6-0 | "Little-Wheel Kaanari" | |
| VR Class Sk5 | 66–67 | Mixed Traffic Steam Locomotive | 2-6-0 | ||||
| VR Class Sk6 | 1898-1950 | 254–270 | Mixed Traffic Steam Locomotive | Richmond Locomotive Works | 2-6-0 | “Riksmont” | |
| VR Class Tk1 | 1899-1959 | 271–290 | Freight Steam Locomotive | Baldwin Locomotive Works | 2-8-0 | “Amerikan Satikka” | |
| VR Class Tk2 | 1903–1960 | 407–426, 457–470 | 2-8-0 | “Satikka”, The following are preserved 407 Närpes, 418 Junction City, Oregon, USA, 419 Haapamäki | |||
| VR Class Tk3 | 1927–1975 | 800–899,1100–1118,1129–1170 | Freight Steam Locomotive | Tampella, Lokomo and Frichs | 2-8-0 | “The Little Jumbo” | |
| VR Class Tr1 | 1940–1975 | 1030–1096 | Freight Steam Locomotive | Tampella, Tampere / Lokomo, Tampere / Arnold Jung Lokomotivfabrik GmbH, Jungenthal | 2-8-2 | “Risto”, 1033 and 1096 preserved at the Finnish Railway Museum | |
| VR Class Tr2 | 1946–1968 | 1300–1319 | ALCO, Baldwin Locomotive Works | 2-10-0 | Nicknamed “Truman”. Similar to Russian locomotive class Ye. No 1319 preserved at the Finnish Railway Museum | ||
| VR Class Tv1 | 1917–1974 | 594–617,685–741,900–948,1200–1211 | Tampella, | 2-8-0 | “Jumbo”,The following are preserved no. 609 Haapamäki, no. 933 veturimuseo at Toijala, no 940 Lapinlahti, and no 943 Ylivieska | ||
| VR Class Tv2 | 618–637 | ALCO | 2-8-0 | “Wilson” | |||
| VR Class Vk1 | 1900–1952 | 301–305 | Local Passenger Steam Locomotive | Baldwin Locomotive Works | 2-6-4T | “Amerikan”, “Iita” | |
| VR Class Vk2 | 454–455 | Local Passenger Steam Locomotive | 2-6-4T | “Iita” | |||
| VR Class Vk3 | 1906–1964 | 456, 487–492 | Local Passenger Steam Locomotive | Tampella, Tampereen Pellava- ja Rautateollisuus Oy | 2-6-4T | “Iita”, No 489 preserved at the Finnish Railway Museum | |
| VR Class Vk4 | 1910–1962 | 68 | Light Replacement Steam Locomotive | Borsig Lokomotiv Werke (AEG) | 0-4-0T | "Leena", Oldest working broad gauge locomotive in Finland. No 68 preserved at the Finnish Railway Museum | |
| VR Class Vk5 | 72–75 | 2-8-2T | |||||
| VR Class Vk6 | 70–71 | 0-4-4RT | |||||
| VR Class Vr1 | 1913–1974 | 530–544,656–670,787–799 | Shunter Steam Locomotive | Hanomag, No 10264 | 0-6-0T | “Hen”, No 669 preserved at the Finnish Railway Museum | |
| VR Class Vr2 | 1930–1975 | 950–965 | Steam Locomotive | Tampella | 0-6-2T | "Duck", The following are preserved in Finland No 950 Joensuu, 951 Tuuri, 953 Haapamäki, 961 Jyväskylä, 964 Veturimuseo at Toijala | |
| VR Class Vr3 | 1924–1975 | 752–756 | Steam Locomotive | Tampella, Hanomag | 0-10-0T | "Rooster" / 'Cockerel", No 755 stored at the Finnish Railway Museum | |
| VR Class Vr4 | 1400–1423 | Vulcan Iron Works | 0-6-0T | ||||
| VR Class Vr5 | 1948–1971 | 1400–1423 | Vulcan Iron Works | 0-6-2T | "Turkey", No 1422 is preserved at Haapamäki. |
Steam locomotive references
Data from:- Finnish Railway Museum official website
- Finnish website with locomotive technical data