Fiat JTD engine


Multijet is a Fiat and General Motors joint venture, established in 1996, in manufacturing diesel engines with turbo and common rail direct injection technology. Most of the Fiat S.p.A., Fiat Professional, Groupe PSA, Alfa Romeo, Maserati, Lancia, Chrysler, Chevrolet, Daewoo Motors, Cadillac, Karsan, Temsa, Iveco, Jeep, Opel, Vauxhall Motors, RAM Trucks, Mitsubishi Fuso, Maruti Suzuki, Suzuki, Tata Motors and Saab Automobile branded vehicles are equipped with Multijet engines. Ownership of some Fiat Multijet designs is shared with General Motors as part of a settlement of the failed merger between the two auto conglomerates. The GM Powertrain Torino group in Turin, Italy, manages its interest in these engines. Some PSA Peugeot Citroën diesel engines are also rebadged JTD units, and vice versa. Fiat's common-rail diesel engine is also known as JTD, an initialism of UniJet Turbo Diesel.

Characteristics

The main improvement that distinguishes the Multijet from previous generations of common-rail diesel engines from FCA is the combustion process of the fuel, which is split into multiple injections, thus allowing for a more complete, quieter combustion in the cylinder. Compared to the first-generation JTD engines, which only featured a smaller pilot and a larger main injection, Multijet is capable of up to five injections per combustion cycle which enables better, more efficient cold running, better performance especially in the lower rev-range, quieter operation, as well as even lower consumption and emissions. The time between injections has been reduced to 150 microseconds while the minimal injection quantity has been reduced from two to less than one microlitre. This enables even mid-sized sedans like the Alfa Romeo 156 and Lancia Lybra equipped with the 1.9L JTD to achieve fuel economy upwards of 45 mpgUS on country roads and highways while offering an equal amount of torque as the 3.0L 24V V6 engine.
A sophisticated electronic control unit controls the injection and changes the injection logic and number of injections based on a multitude of parameters, most importantly revolutions per minute of the engine, engine torque requested by the driver and the temperature of the coolant.
The injection pressure of the diesel fuel on the second-generation Multijet is limited to between bar on the 1.3 Multijet and bar on the 2.4 Multijet 20V.

Multijet II

In 2009, Fiat Powertrain introduced the third generation of this technology, called Multijet II. With its new and innovative injectors with a hydraulically balanced solenoid valve and even higher injection pressure of 2,000 bar it is capable of even more precise controlling of the injected diesel fuel, injecting it in a quicker and more flexible manner. It enables up to eight consecutive injections per combustion cycle and implemented Injection Rate Shaping technology, which provides two very close pilot injections making the fuel delivery more continuous and modulated. This results in an engine that is quiet and has a smoother operation, lower emissions, better fuel mileage and higher performance compared to the previous generation.

Automotive engines

0.9

A 3-cylinder variant, or Smartech Diesel, was introduced in 2011. Co-developed by GM Powertrain Torino and the GM Technical Center India for the Indian market the engine is rated at of power and of torque.
Applications:
A small version was introduced in February 2003 is produced in Bielsko-Biała, Poland, in Ranjangaon, Pune, India, by Fiat India Automobiles and Tata Motors joint venture plant since 2008, and by Maruti Suzuki in Gurgaon, Haryana, India since 2012. The Multijet 75 PS version was chosen in 2005 as the International Engine of the Year in the 1-litre to 1.4-litre category. There are five versions of this engine: a and a , a , a variable inlet geometry and a from the Multijet II generation, and a available on the Lancia Ypsilon. Newton metre torque in the,, and. At the time of the launch this was the smallest four-cylinder diesel engine available and it had a fuel consumption of in some applications. The engine is able to meet Euro IV emission standards without the use of a diesel particulate filter. In January 2008, Tata Motors introduced the new Indica Vista model, which features a new Quadrajet branded version of this engine. The second generation Ford Ka uses 1.2 Multijet named as Duratorq TDCi. In GM nomenclature, it is called Small Diesel Engine.
During 2009, Fiat launched a new generation badged Multijet II, with a new injection management system and able to meet Euro V emission standards. It is available with several power outputs, from, with fixed geometry turbocharger, to, with variable geometry turbocharger.
As of 2013, more than 5 million 1.2 MultiJet engines were produced. In January 2020, the production of the 1.2 Multijet ended in India in both the Maruti Suzuki plant and the Fiat-Tata JV, as the BS6 emission regulations came into effect in the country from 1 April 2020. Fiat-Tata built a total of 800,048 engines over 12 years.

Applications

FCA
  • Alfa Romeo MiTo
  • Fiat 500
  • Fiat 500L
  • Fiat 500X
  • Fiat Albea
  • Fiat Doblò
  • Fiat Fiorino
  • Fiat Grande Punto
  • Fiat Idea
  • Fiat Linea
  • Fiat Palio
  • Fiat Panda
  • Fiat Punto
  • Fiat Qubo
  • Fiat Strada
  • Fiat Tipo
  • Lancia Musa
  • Lancia Ypsilon
    General Motors
  • Chevrolet Aveo
  • Chevrolet Spark
  • Chevrolet Spin
  • Daewoo Matiz
  • Daewoo Gentra
  • Opel Agila
  • Opel Astra
  • Opel Combo
  • Opel Corsa
  • Opel Meriva
  • Opel Tigra TwinTop
    PSA
  • Citroën Nemo
  • Peugeot Bipper
    Suzuki
  • Suzuki Baleno
  • Suzuki Ciaz
  • Suzuki Dzire
  • Suzuki Ertiga
  • Suzuki Ignis
  • Suzuki Splash
  • Suzuki Swift
  • Suzuki SX4 Sedan
  • Suzuki SX4 S-Cross
  • Suzuki Vitara Brezza
    Tata Motors
  • Tata Bolt
  • Tata Indica Vista
  • Tata Indigo Manza
  • Tata Zest
    Others
  • DFSK Super Cab
  • Ford Ka
  • Premier Rio

    1.6 JTDm/Multijet/CDTI/DDiS

In 2006 Fiat Powertrain announced a downsized version of the 1.9 16V Multijet, a new 1.6L 16V Multijet with two power levels of,, and to replace the still-used 1.9L 8-valve engine. The new 1.6 Multijet diesel with,, and.

Applications

FCA
  • Alfa Romeo Mito
  • Alfa Romeo Giulietta
  • Alfa Romeo Tonale
  • Fiat 500L
  • Fiat 500X
  • Fiat Bravo
  • Fiat Doblò
  • Fiat Punto
  • Fiat Idea
  • Fiat Linea
  • Fiat Tipo
  • Jeep Renegade
  • Jeep Compass
  • Lancia Delta
  • Lancia Musa
    General Motors
  • Opel Combo D
    Suzuki
  • Suzuki Vitara
  • Suzuki SX4 S-Cross

    1.9 JTD/JTDm/Multijet/Twin Turbo Multijet/CDTI/TiD/TTiD/DDiS

The most common JTD engine is the 1.9 L straight-4 found on various brands and models. The first car that used this engine was the Alfa Romeo 156 in 1997, making it the world's first common-rail diesel passenger car. In 1999, it was introduced in the Fiat Brava, Bravo and Marea range, as well as in the Fiat Punto JTD with a smaller, fixed-geometry turbocharger and. There were also,,, and versions available. The engine block weighs approximately, the cylinder head features an overhead camshaft with directly actuated valves. The Multijet second generation features an advanced common-rail system and is available with seven different power outputs. The 8-valve version has,, or and the 16-valve version has,,, or. Except for the 101 PS Multijet, all engines feature a variable-geometry turbocharger. Opel also uses a version of this engine. Their CDTI engine, manufactured in Pratola Serra, Italy and Kaiserslautern, Germany, is the product of the half-decade joint venture between GM and Fiat. It is used in the Vectra, Signum, Astra, Zafira, Cadillac BLS and Suzuki SX4 as well as some Saabs marked as TiD and TTiD.

Applications

FCA
  • Alfa Romeo 145
  • Alfa Romeo 146
  • Alfa Romeo 147
  • Alfa Romeo 156
  • Alfa Romeo 159
  • Alfa Romeo GT
  • Fiat Bravo
  • Fiat Brava
  • Fiat Croma II
  • Fiat Doblò
  • Fiat Grande Punto
  • Fiat Marea
  • Fiat Multipla
  • Fiat Punto
  • Fiat Idea
  • Fiat Sedici
  • Fiat Stilo
  • Fiat Strada
  • Lancia Delta
  • Lancia Lybra
  • Lancia Musa
    General Motors
  • Cadillac BLS
  • Opel Astra H
  • Opel Signum
  • Opel Vectra C
  • Opel Zafira B
  • Saab 9-3
  • Saab 9-5
    Suzuki
  • Suzuki SX4
    Others
  • Alenia Aeronautica Sky-Y
  • DR5
    SAIC Motor
  • MG 6

    Twin Turbo

released information about a new two stage turbo version of this engine in summer 2007, which is available with two power levels, one producing and one, both with a maximum torque output of at 2000 rpm. The 180 PS version production started summer 2007. The engine weighs approximately. This engine will be sold both to Fiat Group Automobiles and other brands, but the version is reserved only to Fiat Group Automobiles.
Applications
  • Cadillac BLS
  • Lancia Delta
  • Saab 9-3

    2.0 JTDm/CDTI/TiD/TTiD/VCDi/Multijet II/DDiS

A new 2 litre Multijet diesel was introduced in third generation Lancia Delta in summer 2008. At its first version this engine produces. For 2009 the engine was fitted to Alfa Romeo 159 as variant. Fiat Sedici, Suzuki SX4 and the new Fiat Doblò generation use a variant of this engine. GM Powertrain separately developed their diesel engines based on 1.9 JTD, after end of the GM and Fiat partnership, and first was the version for Astra and Insignia, which was later upgraded to 165 PS for Astra, and less powerful version for Insignia with 110 PS and 130 PS. In 2011 GM Powertrain Europe developed a new derivative - the twin-turbocharger BiTurbo version, with, which is used in the Insignia and starting with 2013 in the Astra J. Internally the new engine is referred to as GM Ecotec Family B engine. The same engine was also available in the 2011 Saab 9–5 with 160 PS and 190 PS twin-turbo. In 2013 Opel introduced cleaner and more fuel efficient versions of the 2.0 CDTI engine and the ecoFLEX version, with 99 g/km of CO2 and 120 PS.