Esmodafinil
Esmodafinil -modafinil or is the enantiopure --enantiomer of modafinil. Unlike armodafinil -, esmodafinil has never been marketed on its own.
Esmodafinil is suspected to be less clinically useful for treating conditions that modafinil and armodafinil are marketed for, such as narcolepsy, shift work sleep disorder, and obstructive sleep apnea.
Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
Esmodafinil has a 3-fold lower affinity for the dopamine transporter compared to armodafinil. Both enantiomers of modafinil preferentially bind to the DAT in an inward facing conformation that is associated with atypical dopamine reuptake inhibitor profiles. Esmodafinil and armodafinil are said to have equipotent pharmacological effects but differing pharmacokinetics.Pharmacokinetics
Esmodafinil possesses a substantially shorter elimination half-life compared to armodafinil.Chemistry
Esmodafinil, or --modafinil, is the enantiopure --enantiomer of the racemic mixture modafinil, while armodafinil is the --enantiomer.A number of analogues of esmodafinil are known, including adrafinil, flmodafinil, fladrafinil, and others.