Escalator over the Hill
Escalator over the Hill is mostly referred to as a jazz opera, but it was released as a "chronotransduction", with "words by Paul Haines, adaptation and music by Carla Bley, production and coordination by Michael Mantler", performed by the Jazz Composer's Orchestra.
History
Escalator over the Hill is more than an hour and a half long and was recorded over three years. It was originally released as a triple LP box which also contained a booklet with lyrics, photos and profiles of the musicians. Side six of the original LPs ended in a locked groove, the final track "...And It's Again" continuing infinitely on manual record players.In 1997, a live version of Escalator over the Hill, re-orchestrated by Jeff Friedman, was performed for the first time in Cologne, Germany. In 1998, "Escalator" toured Europe. Another live performance took place in May 2006 in Essen, Germany.
The musicians involved in the original recording play in various combinations, covering a wide range of musical genres, from Kurt Weill's theater music, to free jazz, rock and Indian music. Writer Stuart Broomer considers this to be a summing up "much of the creative energy that was loose between 1968 and 1972".
Viva acts as narrator. Jack Bruce also appears on bass and vocals. Among the vocalists is an early career Linda Ronstadt, in addition to Jeanne Lee, Paul Jones, Carla Bley, Don Preston, Sheila Jordan, and Bley's and Mantler's then-4-year-old daughter Karen Mantler.
Reception
Jonathon Cott's Rolling Stone article stated: "Like an electric transformer, Escalator Over the Hill synthesizes and draws on an enormous range of musical materials – raga, jazz, rock, ring modulated piano sounds, all brought together through Carla Bley's extraordinary formal sense and ability to unify individual but diverse musical sections by means of the editing of the record medium... The opera is an international musical encounter of the first order."Marcello Carlin, writing for Stylus Magazine, considers the album to be "the greatest record ever made." He said: "No protest, no social commentary. No expression of love, of grief, of hope, of despair. It is literally whatever you want to make of it. It is devoid of every quality which you might assume would qualify it to be the greatest of all records. And yet it is that tabula rasa in its heart, the blank space which may well exist at the very heart of all music, revealing the hard truth that we have to fill in the blanks, we have to interpret what is being played and sung, and our interpretation is the only one which can possibly be valid, as we cannot discern any perspective other than our own."
Track listing
- The CD release has sides one to three on CD 1, and sides four to six on CD 2.
- "... And It's Again" runs for 27:17 on the CD release, with the locked groove at the end of the original LP playing for 18 minutes. This is followed by a hidden track consisting of calliope music and Bill Leonard saying “Oh say can you do?”, followed by faint laughter.
Personnel
Principal cast
Jack, Parrot: Jack BruceLeader, Mutant, Voice, Desert Women: Carla BleySand Shepherd: Don CherryGinger: Linda RonstadtGinger II: Jeanne LeeDavid: Paul JonesDoctor, Lion: Don PrestonViva: VivaCecil Clark: Tod PapageorgeHis Friends: Charlie Haden, Steve FergusonCalliope Bill: Bill LeonardRoomer: Bob StewartAncient Roomer: Karen MantlerLoudspeaker: Roswell RuddUsed Woman: Sheila JordanOperasinger: Rosalind HuppNurse: Jane BlackstoneYodelling Ventriloquist: Howard JohnsonTherapist: Timothy MarquandDad: Perry RobinsonPhantoms, Multiple Public Members, Hotelpeople, Women, Men, Flies, Bullfrogs, Mindsweepers, Speakers, Blindman:Jane Blackstone, Carla Bley, Jonathan Cott, Sharon Freeman, Steve Gebhardt, Tyrus Gerlach, Eileen Hale, Rosalind Hupp, Jack Jeffers, Howard Johnson, Sheila Jordan, Michael Mantler, Timothy Marquand, Nancy Newton, Tod Papageorge, Don Preston, Bill Roughen, Phyllis Schneider, Bob Stewart, Pat Stewart, Viva
Musicians (alphabetical)
- Gato Barbieri – tenor saxophone
- Souren Baronian – clarinet
- Karl Berger – vibraphone
- Carla Bley – organ, celeste, chimes, calliope, piano
- Sam Brown – guitar
- Jack Bruce – bass, vocal
- John Buckingham – tuba
- Sam Burtis – trombone
- Bob Carlisle – French horn
- Don Cherry – trumpet
- Roger Dawson – congas, xylophone
- Sharon Freeman – French horn
- Charlie Haden – bass
- Peggy Imig – clarinet
- Jack Jeffers – bass trombone
- Leroy Jenkins – violin
- Howard Johnson – tuba
- Sheila Jordan – vocal
- Jimmy Knepper – trombone
- Jeanne Lee – vocal
- Jimmy Lyons – alto saxophone
- Michael Mantler – prepared piano, trumpet, valve trombone
- Ron McClure – bass
- John McLaughlin – guitar
- Bill Morimando – orchestra bells, celeste
- Paul Motian – drums, dumbec
- Nancy Newton – viola
- Don Preston – Moog synthesizer
- Enrico Rava – trumpet
- Perry Robinson – clarinet
- Linda Ronstadt – vocal
- Roswell Rudd – trombone
- Calo Scott – cello
- Michael Snow – trumpet
- Chris Woods – baritone saxophone
- Richard Youngstein – bass
Musicians (chronotransductional)
Orchestra (& Hotel Lobby Band)
- Carla Bley
- Jimmy Lyons
- Gato Barbieri
- Chris Woods
- Michael Mantler, Enrico Rava
- Roswell Rudd, Sam Burtis, Jimmy Knepper
- Jack Jeffers
- Bob Carlisle, Sharon Freeman
- John Buckingham
- Nancy Newton
- Karl Berger
- Charlie Haden
- Paul Motian
- Roger Dawson
- Bill Morimando.
Jack's Traveling Band
- Carla Bley
- John McLaughlin
- Jack Bruce
- Paul Motian
Desert Band
- Carla Bley
- Don Cherry
- Souren Baronian
- Leroy Jenkins
- Calo Scott
- Sam Brown
- Ron McClure
- Paul Motian
Original Hotel Amateur Band
- Carla Bley
- Michael Snow
- Michael Mantler
- Howard Johnson
- Perry Robinson, Peggy Imig
- Nancy Newton
- Richard Youngstein
- Paul Motian
Phantom Music
- Carla Bley
- Michael Mantler
- Don Preston
Awards
- Jazz Album of the Year 1972 by a Melody Maker Readers Poll
- Oscar du meilleur disque de jazz moderne in 1972, given by the Académie du Jazz.