List of endemic species of Taiwan
The endemic species of Taiwan are organisms that are endemic to the island of Taiwan – that is, they naturally occur nowhere else on Earth.
Percentages of endemic species and subspecies in selected animal groups in Taiwan:
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Percentages of endemic plants of all living species in Taiwan.
Endemic fauna
Endemic mammals
- Order: Carnivora
- *Formosan black bear – Ursus thibetanus formosanus
- *Formosan ferret-badger – Melogale subaurantiaca
- Order Artiodactyla
- *Formosan boar – Sus scrofa taivanus
- *Formosan sika deer – Cervus nippon taiouanus
- *Taiwan serow – Naemorhedus swinhoei
- Order Eulipotyphla
- *Taiwanese mole shrew – Anourosorex yamashinai Kuroda
- *Tada's shrew – Crocidura tadae Tokuda & Kano
- *Formosan shrew – Episoriculus fumidus Thomas
- *Koshun shrew – Chodsigoa sodalis Thomas
- *Kano's mole – Mogera kanoana Kawada et al.
- Order Rodentia
- *Formosan field vole – Apodemus semotus Thomas
- *Spinous country-rat – Niviventer coxingi
- *Formosan white-bellied rat – Niviventer culturatus
- *Kikuchi's field vole – Microtus kikuchii
- *Formosan giant flying squirrel – Petaurista grandis
- *Taiwan red-and-white giant flying squirrel – Petaurista lena Thomas
- Order Primate
- *Formosan macaque – Macaca cyclopis
- Order Chiroptera
- *Formosan long-eared bat – Plecotus taivanus Yoshiyuki
- *Long-toed myotis – Myotis secundus Ruedi, Csorba, Lin & Chou
- *Reddish myotis – Myotis soror Ruedi, Csorba, Lin & Chou
- *Formosan mouse-eared bat – Myotis taiwanensis Linde
- *Formosan broad-muzzled bat – Submyotodon latirostris Kishida
- *Bicolored tube-nosed bat – Murina bicolor Kuo, Fang, Csorba & Lee
- *Slender tube-nosed bat – Murina gracilis Kuo et al.
- *Formosan tube-nosed bat – Murina puta Kishida
- *Murina recondita Kuo, Fang, Csorba & Lee, 2009
- *Yellow-necked bat – Thainycteris torquatus Gabor & Lee
- *Formosan leaf-nosed bat – Hipposideros terasensis Kisida
- *Formosan greater horseshoe bat – Rhinolophus formosae Sanborn
- *Formosan lesser horseshoe bat – Rhinolophus monoceros Andersen
Endemic birds
32 endemic bird species and another 52 endemic subspecies of Taiwan have been identified. The thirty-two endemic species make up about 4.6% of all birds living in Taiwan.- Order Passeriformes
- *Taiwan yellow tit – Machlolophus holsti
- *Chestnut-bellied tit – Sittiparus castaneoventris
- *White-whiskered laughingthrush – Garrulax morrisonianus
- *White-throated laughingthrush – Pterorhinus albogularis
- *Rusty laughingthrush – Pterorhinus poecilorhynchus
- *White-eared sibia – Heterophasia auricularis
- *Taiwan yuhina – Yuhina brunneiceps Ogilvie-Grant
- *Taiwan scimitar babbler – Pomatorhinus musicus
- *Black-necklaced scimitar babbler – Erythrogenys erythrocnemis
- *Taiwan cupwing – Pnoepyga formosana
- *Taiwan barwing – Actinodura morrisoniana Ogilvie-Grant
- *Steere's liocichla – Liocichla steerii Swinhoe
- *Morrison's fulvetta – Alcippe morrisonia
- *Taiwan blue magpie – Urocissa caerulea
- *Styan's bulbul – Pycnonotus taivanus Styan
- *Taiwan whistling thrush – Myophonus insularis Gould
- *Collared bush robin – Tarsiger johnstoniae
- *White-browed bush robin – Tarsiger indicus
- *Taiwan bullfinch – Pyrrhula owstoni
- *Taiwan rosefinch – Carpodacus formosanus
- *Taiwan vivid niltava – Niltava vivida
- *Taiwan thrush – Turdus niveiceps
- *Taiwan shortwing – Brachypteryx goodfellowi
- *Taiwan fulvetta – Fulvetta formosana
- *Flamecrest – Regulus goodfellowi Ogilvie-Grant
- *Taiwan bush warbler – Bradypterus alishanensis
- *Taiwan hwamei – Garrulax taewanus
- Order Galliformes
- *Taiwan partridge – Arborophila crudigularis
- *Taiwan bamboo partridge – Bambusicola sonorivox
- *Mikado pheasant – Syrmaticus mikado
- *Swinhoe's pheasant – Lophura swinhoii
- Order Piciformes
- *Taiwan barbet – ''Megalaima nuchalis''
Endemic reptiles
- Order Squamata
- *Formosan smooth skink – Scincella formosensis
- *Taiwan forest skink – Sphenomorphus taiwanensis Chen & Lue
- *Plestiodon leucostictus
- *Lanyu scaly-toed gecko – Lepidodactylus yami Ota
- *Kikuchi's gecko – Gekko kikuchii
- *Gekko guishanicus – Lin & Yao, 2016
- *Short-legged japalure – Diploderma brevipes Gressitt
- *Diploderma luei – Ota, Chen & Shang, 1998
- *Maki's japalura – Diploderma makii Ota
- *Swinhoe's japalura – Diploderma swinhonis Gunther
- *Formosan legless lizard – Ophisaurus formosensis Kishida
- *Formosa grass lizard – Takydromus formosanus Boulenger
- *Sauteri grass lizard – Takydromus sauteri Van Denburgh
- *Hsuehshan grass lizard – Takydromus hsuehshanensis Lin & Cheng
- *Stejneger's grass lizard – Takydromus stejnegeri Van Denburgh
- *Hengchun blind snake – Argyrophis koshunensis Oshima
- *Atayal slug-eating snake – Pareas atayal You, Poyarkov & Lin, 2015
- *Taiwan slug-eating snake – Pareas formosensis
- *Formosa odd-scaled snake – Achalinus formosanus Boulenger
- *Black odd-scaled snake – Achalinus niger Maki
- *Maki's keelback – Hebius miyajimae Maki
- *Swinhoe's grass snake – Rhabdophis swinhonis
- *Formosa coral snake – Sinomicrurus sauteri
- *Swinhoe's temperate Asian coralsnake – Sinomicrurus swinhoei
- *Taiwan pit viper – Trimeresurus gracilis Oshima
Endemic amphibians
- Order Anura
- *Central Formosa toad – Bufo bankorensis
- *Stejneger's narrow-mouthed toad – Micryletta steinegeri
- *Swinhoe's brown frog – Odorrana swinhoana
- *Taipa frog – Rana longicrus
- *Sauter's brown frog – Rana sauteri
- *Ota's stream tree frog – Buergeria otai
- *Robust Buerger's frog – Buergeria robusta
- *Kurixalus berylliniris
- *Temple treefrog – Kurixalus idiootocus
- *Kurixalus wangi
- *Farmland green treefrog – Zhangixalus arvalis
- *Orange-belly treefrog – Zhangixalus aurantiventris
- *Moltrecht's green tree frog – Rhacophorus moltrechti
- *Emerald green treefrog – Rhacophorus prasinatus
- *Taipei tree frog – Zhangixalus taipeianus
- Order Urodela
- *Alishan salamander – Hynobius arisanensis
- *Formosan salamander – Hynobius formosanus
- *Taiwan lesser salamander – Hynobius fuca
- *Nanhu salamander – Hynobius glacialis
- *Sonani's salamander – ''Hynobius sonani''
Endemic freshwater fishes
- Order Cypriniformes
- *Taitung river loach – Hemimyzon taitungensis Tzeng & Shen
- *Formosan river loach – Hemimyzon formosanus
- *Shen's river loach – Hemimyzon sheni Chen & Fang
- *River loach – Formosania lacustris
- *Pulin river loach – Sinogastromyzon puliensis Liang
- *Metzia mesembrinum
- *Pararasbora moltrechti Regan
- *Acrossocheilus paradoxus
- *Lake Candidus dace – Candidia barbata
- *Microphysogobio alticorpus Banarescu & Nalbant
- *Taiwan ku fish – Onychostoma alticorpus
- *Freshwater minnow – Opsariichthys pachycephalus Günther
- *Gobiobotia cheni Banarescu & Nalbant
- *Microphysogobio brevirostris
- *Aphyocypris kikuchii
- *Squalidus iijimae
- Order Gobiiformes
- *Goby – Cryptocentrus yatsui Tomiyama
- *Goby – Myersina yangii
- *Goby – Rhinogobius candidianus Regan
- *Goby – Rhinogobius gigas Aonuma & Chen
- *Goby – Rhinogobius formosanus Oshima
- *Goby – Rhinogobius nantaiensis Aonuma & Chen
- *Goby – Rhinogobius henchuenensis Chen & Shao
- *Goby – Rhinogobius delicatus Chen & Shao
- *Goby – Rhinogobius maculafasciatus Chen & Shao
- *Goby – Rhinogobius rubromaculatus Lee & Chang
- *Goby – Rhinogobius lanyuensis Chen, Miller & Fang
- Order Siluriformes
- *Formosan torrent catfish – Liobagrus formosanus Regan
- *Bagrid catfish – Pseudobagrus adiposalis Oshima
- *Bagrid catfish – Pseudobagrus brevianalis Regan
- Order Osmeriformes
- *Ariake icefish – Neosalanx acuticeps Regan
- Order Salmoniformes
- *Formosan landlocked salmon – ''Oncorhynchus formosanus''
Endemic flora
Taiwan is home to several hundred endemic plant species and subspecies, including four endemic genera – Conjugatovarium, Kudoacanthus, Shaolinchiana, and Tangshuia. Plants are sorted by family.Acanthaceae
- Dicliptera longiflora
- Hygrophila pogonocalyx
- Kudoacanthus
- *Kudoacanthus albonervosus
- Lepidagathis palinensis
- Rungia taiwanensis
- Strobilanthes chihsinlinensis
- Strobilanthes formosana
- Strobilanthes lanyuensis
- Strobilanthes longespicata
- ''Strobilanthes taiwanensis''
Actinidiaceae
- Actinidia chinensis var. setosa
- ''Celosia taitoensis''
Amaranthaceae
- ''Amaranthus shengkuangensis''
Amaryllidaceae
- ''Allium taiwanianum''
Apiaceae
- Angelica dahurica var. formosana
- Angelica hohuanshanensis
- Angelica morrisonicola
- Angelica tarokoensis
- Anthriscus taiwanensis
- Bupleurum kaoi
- Chaerophyllum involucratum
- Chaerophyllum nanhuense
- Chaerophyllum taiwanianum
- Cnidium monnieri var. formosanum
- Cnidium warburgii
- Conioselinum morrisonense
- Pimpinella niitakayamensis
- ''Pimpinella tagawae''
Apocynaceae
- Anodendron benthamianum
- Cynanchum lanhsuense
- Melodinus angustifolius
- Trachelospermum tulinense
- Vincetoxicum insulicola
- Vincetoxicum lui
- Vincetoxicum oshimae
- Vincetoxicum sui
- ''Vincetoxicum taiwanense''
Aquifoliaceae
- Ilex arisanensis
- Ilex guanwuensis
- Ilex hayatana
- Ilex hengchunensis
- Ilex lonicerifolia
- *Ilex lonicerifolia var. hakkuensis
- *Ilex lonicerifolia var. lonicerifolia
- *Ilex lonicerifolia var. matsudae
- Ilex matsudae
- Ilex nokoensis
- Ilex parvifolia
- Ilex rarasanensis
- Ilex rubroantheriana
- Ilex suzukii
- Ilex tugitakayamensis
- Ilex yunnanensis var. parvifolia
Araceae
- Amorphophallus henryi
- Amorphophallus hirtus
- Arisaema consanguineum subsp. kelung-insulare
- Arisaema formosanum
- Arisaema guanwuense
- Arisaema ilanense
- Arisaema taiwanense
- *Arisaema taiwanense var. brevipedunculatum
- *Arisaema taiwanense var. taiwanense
- Arisaema thunbergii subsp. autumnale
- Arum taiwanianum
- Homalomena kelungensis
- ''Rhaphidophora formosana''
Araliaceae
- Aralia castanopsicola – northern & central Taiwan
- Aralia decaisneana
- Dendropanax pellucidopunctatus
- Fatsia polycarpa
- Hedera rhombea var. formosana
- Hedera siyuanwukouensis
- Heptapleurum taiwanianum
- Hydrocotyle setulosa
- ''Sinopanax formosanus''
Arecaceae
- Arenga engleri
- Calamus beccarii – southwestern Taiwan
- Calamus formosanus
- ''Pinanga tashiroi''
Aristolochiaceae
- Aristolochia cucurbitifolia
- Aristolochia hohuanensis
- Aristolochia pahsienshanianum
- Aristolochia yujungiana
- Asarum ampulliflorum
- Asarum chatienshanianum – northern Taiwan
- Asarum crassisepalum
- Asarum hypogynum
- Asarum macranthum – northern Taiwan
- Asarum pubitessellatum
- Asarum shoukaense
- Asarum taipingshanianum
- Asarum tawushanianum - southern Taiwan
- Asarum tungyanshanianum
- ''Asarum villisepalum''
Asparagaceae
- Aspidistra attenuata – central and southern Taiwan
- Aspidistra daibuensis – southeastern and southern Taiwan
- *Aspidistra daibuensis var. daibuensis – southeastern and southern Taiwan
- *Aspidistra daibuensis var. longkiauensis
- Aspidistra longiconnectiva
- Aspidistra mushaensis – central Taiwan
- Aspidistra shoukaensis
- Disporopsis shaolinchiensis
- Heteropolygonatum alte-lobatum
- Maianthemum formosanum
- Maianthemum harae
- Maianthemum shaolinchii
- Ophiopogon shuangliuensis
- Peliosanthes kaoi – southeastern Taiwan
- Polygonatum arisanense
- *Polygonatum arisanense var. arisanense
- *Polygonatum arisanense var. chingshuishanianum
- *''Polygonatum arisanense var. formosanum''
Aspleniaceae
- Asplenium cuneatiforme
- Asplenium matsumurae
- Asplenium subtrialatum
- Asplenium × wangii
- Asplenium wilfordii var. densum
- Athyrium erythropodum
- Athyrium leiopodum
- Athyrium tripinnatum
- Diplazium chioui
- Diplazium ketagalaniorum
- Diplazium kuoi
- Hymenasplenium adiantifrons
- Thelypteris × erubesquirolica
- Thelypteris longipetiolata
- ''Woodsia okamotoi''
Asteraceae
- Ainsliaea chaochiei
- Ainsliaea lalashanensis
- Ainsliaea paucicapitata
- Anaphalis horaimontana
- Anaphalis nagasawae
- Anaphalis transnokoensis
- Artemisia kawakamii
- Artemisia morrisonensis
- Artemisia niitakayamensis
- Artemisia oligocarpa
- Artemisia somae
- *Artemisia somae var. batakensis
- *Artemisia somae var. somae
- Artemisia tsugitakaensis
- Aster altaicus var. taitoensis - southeastern Taiwan
- Aster chingshuiensis
- Aster guanwuensis
- Aster ilanmontanus
- Aster itsunboshi
- Aster kanoi
- Aster morrisonensis
- Aster oldhamii – northern Taiwan
- Aster ovalifolius
- Aster siyuanensis
- Aster taiwanensis var. taiwanensis
- Aster takasago-montanus
- Aster taoshanensis
- Aster taoyuenensis
- Blumea chishangensis
- Blumea hsinbaiyangensis
- Blumea humilis
- Blumea linearis
- Blumea luoshaoensis
- Carpesium parvicapitulum
- Carpesium taiwanense
- Chrysanthemum horaimontanum
- Chrysanthemum morii
- Cirsium arisanense
- Cirsium chilaishanense
- Cirsium ferum
- Cirsium guanwuense
- Cirsium nanhutashanense
- Cirsium pitouchaoense
- Cirsium suzukii – northern Taiwan
- Cirsium taiwanense
- Cirsium tatakaense
- Crepidiastrum hualienianum
- Crepidiastrum taiwanianum
- Crepis meifenggensis
- Erigeron fukuyamae
- Erigeron morrisonensis
- Erigeron taiwanensis
- Eupatorium amabile
- Eupatorium guanyuanense
- Eupatorium hualienense
- Eupatorium loshanense
- Eupatorium tashiroi
- Gynura formosana
- Gynura taitungensis
- Gynura tungyanshanensis
- Hieracium morii
- Hieracium taiwanense
- Inula taiwanensis
- Ixeridium calcicola
- Ixeridium guanwuense
- Ixeridium hohuanshanense
- Ixeridium sandaiolingwaterfallense
- Ixeridium transnokoense
- Ixeris hopingtunnelensis
- Jacobaea kuanshanensis
- Jacobaea morrisonensis
- Jacobaea tarokoensis
- Lactuca mansuensis
- Lapsanastrum takasei
- Launaea taiwanensis
- Leontopodium microphyllum
- Ligularia kojimae
- Melanthera taiwanensis
- Nemosenecio formosanus
- Paraprenanthes nanhutashanensis
- Paraprenanthes shaolinchiensis
- Paraprenanthes yangtoushanensis
- Parasenecio morrisonensis
- Parasenecio nokoensis
- Parasenecio sylviaensis
- Pertya simozawae
- Petasites formosanus
- Picris angustifolia subsp. morrisonensis
- Picris angustifolia subsp. ohwiana
- Saussurea glandulosa
- Saussurea kanzanensis
- Saussurea kiraisiensis
- Scorzonera taiwanensis
- Senecio bilushenmulatus
- Senecio loshanensis
- Senecio scandens var. crataegifolius
- Senecio shaoakoulatus
- Senecio tulinensis
- Syneilesis hayatae
- Syneilesis subglabrata
- Taraxacum hohuanshanense
- Tephroseris taitoensis
- Youngia japonica subsp. monticola
- Youngia lalashanensis
- ''Youngia macrophylla''
Balsaminaceae
- Impatiens devolii
- Impatiens tayemonii
- ''Impatiens uniflora''
Begoniaceae
- Begonia austrotaiwanensis - southern Taiwan
- Begonia bouffordii – Nantou
- Begonia × buimontana
- Begonia chitoensis – northern and central Taiwan
- Begonia × chungii
- Begonia chuyunshanensis – southern Taiwan
- Begonia hohuanensis
- Begonia lukuana
- Begonia nantoensis – Nantou
- Begonia pinglinensis – northern Taiwan
- Begonia ravenii – western Taiwan
- Begonia shitoushanensis
- Begonia shoukaensis
- Begonia × taipeiensis – northern Taiwan
- Begonia taiwaniana – southern Taiwan
- Begonia tengchiana – south-central Taiwan
- Begonia tungyanshanensis
- Begonia wutaiana – south-central Taiwan
Berberidaceae
- Berberis alpicola – Mt. Alishan
- Berberis aristatoserrulata – central Taiwan
- Berberis brevisepala – central Taiwan
- Berberis chingshuiensis – east-central Taiwan
- Berberis hayatana – north-central Taiwan
- Berberis japonica
- Berberis kawakamii – central Taiwan
- Berberis mingetsensis – west-central Taiwan
- Berberis morii – eastern Taiwan
- Berberis morrisonensis
- Berberis nantoensis – northern and north-central Taiwan
- Berberis pengii – southern Taiwan
- Berberis ravenii – southern Taiwan
- Berberis schaaliae – eastern Taiwan
- Berberis tarokoensis – north-central Taiwan
Betulaceae
- Alnus formosana
- Alnus henryi
- Carpinus hebestroma – Hualien Xian
- Carpinus kawakamii var. minutiserrata
- Carpinus rankanensis
- *Carpinus rankanensis var. ''mutsudae''
Boraginaceae
- Cynoglossum alpestre – above 2500 m elevation
- Ehretia lengshuikengensis
- Heliotropium formosanum
- Thyrocarpus cuifengensis
- Trichodesma calycosum var. formosanum
- Trigonotis formosana var. elevatovenosa – northern Taiwan
- ''Trigonotis nankotaizanensis''
Brassicaceae
- Arabis piluchiensis
- Arabis shengkuangshanensis
- Arabis taihumilis
- Barbarea taiwaniana – northern Taiwan
- Brassica taiwanensis
- Draba sekiyana – Taiwan mountains
- Thismia huangii – northwestern Taiwan
- Thismia taiwanensis – south-central Taiwan
Buxaceae
- Buxus sinica var. intermedia
- ''Sarcococca taiwaniana''
Campanulaceae
- Adenophora morrisonensis
- *Adenophora morrisonensis subsp. morrisonensis
- *Adenophora morrisonensis subsp. uehatae
- Adenophora taiwaniana
- Codonopsis kawakamii – central Taiwan
- ''Wahlenbergia taiwaniana''
Caprifoliaceae
- Lonicera kawakamii
- Lonicera taiwanensis
- Lonicera tulinensis
- Patrinia glabrifolia – central and eastern Taiwan
- Scabiosa lacerifolia
- Valeriana hsui
- Valeriana kawakamii
- ''Valeriana siyuaniana''
Caryophyllaceae
- Arenaria fulungensis
- Arenaria siyuanakouensis
- Arenaria taiwanensis
- Cerastium morrisonense
- Cerastium nanhutashanense
- Cerastium parvipetalum – southern Taiwan
- Cerastium subpilosum – central Taiwan
- Cerastium takasagomontanum – central Taiwan
- Dianthus palinensis – Taoyuan Xian: Bali
- Dianthus pygmaeus
- Dianthus taoshanensis
- Nubelaria arisanensis
- Silene morrisonmontana
- *Silene morrisonmontana var. glabella – northern Taiwan
- *Silene morrisonmontana var. morrisonmontana
- Silene ohwii northern and central Taiwan
- Spergularia hohuanshanensis
- ''Stellaria taiwanensis''
Celastraceae
- Euonymus spraguei
- Euonymus wulinensis
- ''Glyptopetalum pallidifolium''
Clusiaceae
- Garcinia linii – eastern Taiwan
Colchicaceae
- Disporum cantoniense var. kawakamii
- Disporum kawakamii
- Disporum sessile var. intermedium – central Taiwan
- Disporum shimadae – northern Taiwan
Commelinaceae
- Commelina bicaeruloflora
- Cyanotis kawakamii – southern Taiwan
Convolvulaceae
- Argyreia formosana – southern Taiwan
- Ipomoea fangliaoensis
- ''Ipomoea taiwanensis''
Crassulaceae
- Crassula nanshanchunensis
- Kalanchoe tachingshuii
- Kalanchoe tashiroi – southeastern Taiwan
- Phedimus subcapitatum
- Sedum actinocarpum
- Sedum arisanense
- Sedum brachyrhinchum
- Sedum cirenianum
- Sedum erythrospermum subsp. erythrospermum
- Sedum kwanwuense
- Sedum microsepalum – north-central Taiwan
- Sedum morrisonense
- Sedum nokoense
- Sedum parviflorum
- Sedum parvisepalum subsp. parvisepalum – central Taiwan
- Sedum sasakii – northern Taiwan
- Sedum sekiteiense – northern Taiwan
- Sedum shaoakouense
- Sedum shengkuangense
- Sedum tachingshuianum
- Sedum taiwanalpinum
- Sedum taiwanianum
- Sedum tarokoense – eastern Taiwan
- Sedum triangulisepalum
- Sinocrassula parvifoliana
- Sinocrassula shaolinchiana
- ''Sinocrassula taiwaniana''
Cucurbitaceae
- Sinobaijiania taiwaniana
- Trichosanthes homophylla
- ''Trichosanthes taiwanensis''
Cupressaceae
- Calocedrus formosana – northern and central Taiwan
- Chamaecyparis formosensis – northern and central Taiwan
- Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana – northern and central Taiwan
- Juniperus morrisonicola
- Juniperus tairukouensis
- Juniperus tsukusiensis var. taiwanensis – Mt. Chingshui
Cyatheaceae
Cyperaceae
- Carex ayako-maedae
- Carex caucasica subsp. jisaburo-ohwiana
- Carex dissitiflora subsp. taiwanensis
- Carex dolichostachya subsp. trichosperma – Mt. Alishan
- Carex fulvorubescens subsp. fulvorubescens
- Carex gentilis var. nakaharae
- Carex morii
- Carex orthostemon
- Carex urelytra
- Fimbristylis shimadana
- Fimbristylis subinclinata – eastern Taiwan
Daphniphyllaceae
- Daphniphyllum × lanyuense – Lan Yü
Dioscoreaceae
- ''Dioscorea formosana''
Ebenaceae
- Diospyros fengchangensis
- Diospyros kotoensis – Lan Yü
Elaeagnaceae
- Elaeagnus darenensis
- Elaeagnus formosana
- Elaeagnus formosensis – southern Taiwan
- Elaeagnus grandifolia – central Taiwan
- Elaeagnus tarokoensis
- ''Elaeagnus thunbergii''
Elaeocarpaceae
- Elaeocarpus decipiens var. changii – southern Taiwan
- Elaeocarpus hayatae – southern Taiwan including Lan Yü
Ericaceae
- Chimaphila monticola subsp. taiwaniana
- Gaultheria taiwaniana – central Taiwan
- Pyrola alboreticulata
- Pyrola morrisonensis
- Rhododendron breviperulatum – northern and eastern Taiwan
- Rhododendron chilanshanense – northern Taiwan
- Rhododendron chiliangense
- Rhododendron formosanum – southern Taiwan
- Rhododendron huanshanense
- Rhododendron hyperythrum
- †Rhododendron kanehirae – northern Taiwan. Last recorded in 1984
- Rhododendron kawakamii
- Rhododendron lasiostylum – central Taiwan
- Rhododendron longiperulatum – southern Taiwan
- Rhododendron morii - central Taiwan
- Rhododendron nakaharae – northern Taiwan
- Rhododendron nantouense
- Rhododendron noriakianum – northern and central Taiwan
- Rhododendron oldhamii
- Rhododendron pachysanthum – central Taiwan
- Rhododendron pseudochrysanthum – central Taiwan
- Rhododendron rubropilosum – central Taiwan
- *Rhododendron rubropilosum var. grandiflorum – Nantou
- *Rhododendron rubropilosum var. rubropilosum – central Taiwan
- Rhododendron shaoakouense
- Rhododendron sikayotaizanense
- Rhododendron taiwanalpinum – central Taiwan
- Vaccinium delavayi subsp. merrillianum
- Vaccinium dunalianum var. caudatifolium
- Vaccinium japonicum var. lasiostemon
- Vaccinium kengii – northern and central Taiwan
- Vaccinium wrightii var. formosanum – eastern Taiwan
Euphorbiaceae
- Acalypha eastmostpointensis
- Acalypha matsudae – Hengchun Peninsula
- Euphorbia garanbiensis – southern Taiwan
- Euphorbia hsinchuensis – Taiwan
- Euphorbia taihsiensis – western Taiwan
- Euphorbia tarokoensis – eastern Taiwan
- Euphorbia tzitanshaniana
- Excoecaria formosana var. formosana
- Excoecaria kawakamii – southern Taiwan including Lan Yü
- Mallotus paniculatus var. formosanus
Fabaceae
- Astragalus nankotaizanensis
- Astragalus nokoensis – central Taiwan
- Bauhinia longiracemosa
- Crotalaria similis – Hengchun Peninsula
- Dendrolobium dispermum
- Derris lasiantha
- Derris laxiflora
- Dumasia villosa subsp. bicolor
- Glycine dolichocarpa
- Glycine max subsp. formosana – northern and central Taiwan
- Hylodesmum taiwanianum
- Indigofera byobiensis
- Indigofera hopingensis
- Indigofera ramulosissima
- Indigofera taiwaniana
- Maackia taiwanensis
- Millettia pulchra var. microphylla
- Mucuna gigantea subsp. tashiroi
- Ormosia formosana
- Ormosia hengchuniana
- Smithia yehii
- Sohmaea gracillima – southern Taiwan
- Tephrosia ionophlebia
- Tephrosia purpurea var. glabra
- ''Zornia intecta''
Fagaceae
- Fagus hayatae – northern Taiwan
- Lithocarpus dodonaeifolius
- Lithocarpus formosanus
- Lithocarpus kawakamii
- Lithocarpus lepidocarpus – central and southern Taiwan
- Lithocarpus nantoensis – central and southern Taiwan
- Lithocarpus shinsuiensis – southern Taiwan
- Quercus hypophaea
- Quercus liaoi
- Quercus longinux
- Quercus morii
- Quercus spinosa subsp. miyabei – central Taiwan
- Quercus stenophylloides – central Taiwan
- Quercus tarokoensis – eastern Taiwan
- ''Quercus tatakaensis''
Gentianaceae
- Gentiana arisanensis
- Gentiana bambuseti – central Taiwan
- Gentiana davidi var. formosana
- Gentiana flavomaculata
- *Gentiana flavomaculata subsp. flavomaculata
- *Gentiana flavomaculata subsp. tatakensis – central Taiwan
- Gentiana kaohsiungensis
- Gentiana scabrida subsp. horaimontana – central Taiwan
- Gentiana scabrida subsp. itzershanensis – central Taiwan
- Gentiana scabrida subsp. scabrida
- Gentiana taiwanialbiflora
- Gentiana taiwanica
- Gentiana tarokoensis
- Gentiana zollingeri subsp. tentyoensis – eastern Taiwan
- Lomatogonium chilaiensis – Mt. Chilaishan
- Swertia arisanensis – central and eastern Taiwan
- Swertia changii – central Taiwan
- Swertia tozanensis
- Tripterospermum alutaceofolium – northern Taiwan
- Tripterospermum cordifolium
- Tripterospermum guanwuense
- Tripterospermum hualienense
- Tripterospermum lanceolatum
- Tripterospermum lilungshanense – south-central Taiwan
- Tripterospermum microphyllum
- Tripterospermum shaolinchianum
- Tripterospermum taiwanense – central and southern Taiwan
Geraniaceae
- Geranium hayatanum
- ''Geranium suzukii''
Gesneriaceae
- Lysionotus pauciflorus var. ikedae – Lan Yü
- Lysionotus tairukouensis
- Rhynchotechum brevipedunculatum
- Rhynchotechum lalashanense
- Rhynchotechum uniflorum
- ''Whytockia sasakii''
Gleicheniaceae
- ''Dicranopteris tetraphylla''
Grossulariaceae
- ''Ribes formosanum''
Hydrangeaceae
- Deutzia taiwanensis – northern Taiwan
- Hydrangea lalashanensis
- Hydrangea longifolia
- Hydrangea pingtungensis
- Hydrangea taiwaniana – central Taiwan
Hymenophyllaceae
- Hymenophyllum alishanense
- Hymenophyllum chamaecyparicola
- Hymenophyllum devolii
- Hymenophyllum exquisitum
- Hymenophyllum okadae
- Hymenophyllum parallelocarpum
- Hymenophyllum semialatum – Mt. Tahan
- ''Hymenophyllum taiwanense''
Hypericaceae
- Hypericum eastmostianum
- Hypericum formosanum – northern Taiwan
- Hypericum geminiflorum subsp. simplicistylum – north-central and central Taiwan
- Hypericum gouanyuanianum
- Hypericum lalashanense
- Hypericum nagasawae – north-central and central Taiwan
- Hypericum nakamurae – east-northeastern Taiwan
- Hypericum nokoense east-central Taiwan
- Hypericum subalatum – northern and northeastern Taiwan
Iridaceae
- Iris formosana – northeastern Taiwan
- Iris nantouensis – central Taiwan
Isoetaceae
- Isoetes taiwanensis
- *Isoetes taiwanensis var. kinmenensis
- *Isoetes taiwanensis var. ''taiwanensis''
Iteaceae
- ''Itea parviflora''
Juncaceae
- Juncus kuohii
- Luzula formosana – central Taiwan
- ''Luzula taiwaniana''
Lamiaceae
- Ajuga rubrobracteosa
- Callicarpa hengchunensis
- Callicarpa hypoleucophylla – southern Taiwan
- Callicarpa lalashanensis
- Callicarpa pilosissima
- Callicarpa randaiensis
- Callicarpa remotiflora – Hengchun Peninsula
- Callicarpa remotiserrulata – Hengchun Peninsula
- Callicarpa rubrocarpa
- Callicarpa tikusikensis – northern Taiwan
- Callicarpa tungyanensis
- Clerodendrum ohwii
- Clinopodium cirenianum
- Clinopodium cuifengense
- Clinopodium laxiflorum
- Clinopodium loshanense
- Clinopodium shaofengkouensis
- Clinopodium wulinianum
- Clinopodium wutaianum
- Collinsonia macrobracteata
- Comanthosphace formosana
- Elsholtzia oldhamii
- Elsholtzia taiwanensis
- Lamium taiwanense
- Paraphlomis cauliflora
- Paraphlomis parviflora
- Paraphlomis tomentosocapitata
- Platostoma taiwanense
- Pogostemon formosanus
- Pogostemon monticola
- Salvia hayatae
- *Salvia hayatae var. hayatae
- *Salvia hayatae var. pinnata
- Salvia japonica var. formosana – northern Taiwan
- Salvia muratae
- Salvia shaofengkouensis
- Salvia siyuanensis
- Scutellaria hsiehii
- Scutellaria lilungensis
- Scutellaria playfairii
- *Scutellaria playfairii var. playfairii
- *Scutellaria playfairii var. procumbens
- Scutellaria taiwanensis – Ali Shan
- Scutellaria tarokoensis
- Suzukia shikikunensis – central and eastern Taiwan
- Teucrium guanwuense
- Teucrium taiwanianum
- ''Teucrium taoshanense''
Lardizabalaceae
- Stauntonia hengchunensis
- Stauntonia purpurea – central Taiwan
Lauraceae
- Actinodaphne mushaensis
- Camphora kanahirae
- Camphora officinarum var. nominale – eastern and southern Taiwan
- Cinnamomum chingchuanium
- Cinnamomum insularimontanum
- Cinnamomum kotoense – Lan Yü
- Cinnamomum osmophloeum – northern and central Taiwan
- Cinnamomum reticulatum
- Lindera akoensis
- Litsea akoensis
- *Litsea akoensis var. akoensis
- *Litsea akoensis var. sasakii
- Litsea hayatae
- Litsea hypophaea
- Litsea morrisonensis
- Machilus konishii – central and southern Taiwan
- Machilus obovatifolius – southern Taiwan
- *Machilus obovatifolius var. obovatifolius – southern Taiwan
- *Machilus obovatifolius var. taiwuensis – southeastern Taiwan
- Machilus zuihoensis
- *Machilus zuihoensis var. mushaensis
- *Machilus zuihoensis var. zuihoensis
- Neolitsea acuminatissima
- Neolitsea buisanensis f. sutsuoensis – southern Taiwan
- Neolitsea daibuensis – southern Taiwan
- Neolitsea hiiranensis – southern Taiwan
- Neolitsea parvigemma – south-central Taiwan
- Neolitsea variabillima – central Taiwan
- Sassafras randaiense – central and southern Taiwan
Liliaceae
- Lilium formosanum
- Lilium lalashanense
- Lilium linearifolianum
- Lilium longiflorum var. scabrum
- Lilium × shimenianum
- Tricyrtis bilushenmulata
- Tricyrtis formosana var. glandosa – northeastern and central Taiwan
- Tricyrtis lasiocarpa – western and southern Taiwan
- Tricyrtis suzukii – northeastern Taiwan
- Tricyrtis × tachingshuii
- ''Tricyrtis uniflora''
Linderniaceae
- Lindernia sandaiolingensis
- Vandellia scutellariiformis – Tainan Xian
Loranthaceae
- Loranthus kaoi
- Scurrula phoebe-formosanae
- Taxillus limprichtii var. ritozanensis
- Taxillus liquidambaricola var. liquidambaricola
- Taxillus nigrans var. longifolius
- Taxillus pseudochinensis – southern Taiwan
- Taxillus theifer
- Taxillus tsaii – southern Taiwan
Lycopodiaceae
- Huperzia changii – Last recorded in 2010
- Huperzia myriophyllifolia
- ''Lycopodium yueshanense''
Lythraceae
- Rotala taiwaniana – eastern Taiwan
Magnoliaceae
- Magnolia kachirachirai – southeastern Taiwan
Malvaceae
- Corchorus aestuans var. brevicaulis
- Hibiscus indicus var. integrilobus – southern Taiwan
- Hibiscus taiwanensis – Alishan
- Melochia taiwaniana
- ''Sida austrotaiwaniana''
Marrataceae
- ''Angiopteris × itoi''
Mazaceae
- Mazus alpinus
- Mazus fauriei – northern Taiwan
- Mazus lalashanensis
- Mazus somggangensis
- Mazus tainanensis – Tainan city
- ''Mazus uniflorus''
Melanthiaceae
- Helonias umbellata
- Paris taiwanensis
- Trillium taiwanense – eastern Taiwan
- ''Veratrum formosanum''
Melastomataceae
- Bredia dulanica
- Bredia hirsuta var. scandens
- Bredia oldhamii
- Medinilla formosana
- Medinilla hayatana – Lan Yü
- Melastoma kudoi – central Taiwan
- Melastoma scaberrimum
- Memecylon pendulum
- ''Tashiroea laisherana''
Meliaceae
- ''Aglaia taiwaniana''
Menispermaceae
- Cocculus taiwanianus
- Cyclea ochiaiana
- Paratinospora dentata
- ''Stephania merrillii''
Mitrastemonaceae
Moraceae
- Ficus tannoensis – southern Taiwan
- Ficus vaccinioides – southern Taiwan
Musaceae
- Musa × formobisiana
- Musa insularimontana
- Musa itinerans var. chiumei
- Musa itinerans var. formosana
- Musa itinerans var. kavalanensis
- ''Musa yamiensis''
Myrtaceae
- Syzygium densinervium var. insulare – Hengchun Peninsula, Lü Dao, and Lan Yü
- Syzygium euphlebium – Hengchun Peninsula
- Syzygium formosanum
- Syzygium kusukusuense – Hengchun Peninsula
- Syzygium taiwanicum – Lan Yu, Pengjia Yu
Nyctaginaceae
- Boerhavia hualienensis – eastern Taiwan
Oleaceae
- Ligustrum morrisonense
- Osmanthus kaoi
- ''Osmanthus lanceolatus''
Onagraceae
- Circaea cireniana
- Circaea hsuehshanensis
- Circaea lalashanensis
- Epilobium hohuanense
- Epilobium nanhualpinum
- Epilobium nankotaizanense
- Epilobium pengii
- Epilobium taiwanianum
- ''Epilobium tulinianum''
Orchidaceae
- Agrostophyllum formosanum – southern Taiwan
- Anoectochilus lalashanensis
- Anoectochilus semiresupinatus
- Aphyllorchis montana var. membranacea
- Aphyllorchis montana f. pingtungensis
- Aphyllorchis montana var. rotundatipetala
- Appendicula reflexa var. kotoensis – Lan Yü
- Bulbophyllum albociliatum
- *Bulbophyllum albociliatum var. albociliatum – central and southern Taiwan
- *Bulbophyllum albociliatum var. remotifolium – Taiwan
- *Bulbophyllum albociliatum var. shanlinshiense – Taiwan
- *Bulbophyllum albociliatum var. weiminianum – southern Taiwan
- Bulbophyllum brevipedunculatum – eastern Taiwan
- Bulbophyllum cryptomeriicola
- Bulbophyllum fimbriperianthium – southern Taiwan
- Bulbophyllum flaviflorum – central and southern Taiwan
- Bulbophyllum insulsoides – central and southern Taiwan
- Bulbophyllum karenkoensis
- *Bulbophyllum karenkoensis var. calvum
- *Bulbophyllum karenkoensis var. karenkoensis
- *Bulbophyllum karenkoensis var. puniceum
- Bulbophyllum kuanwuense – southern Taiwan
- Bulbophyllum linearibractium
- Bulbophyllum maxi
- Bulbophyllum × omerumbellatum
- Bulbophyllum pingtungense – southern Taiwan
- Bulbophyllum sasakii
- Bulbophyllum setaceum
- *Bulbophyllum setaceum var. confragosum
- *Bulbophyllum setaceum var. setaceum – central Taiwan
- Bulbophyllum somae – northern Taiwan
- Bulbophyllum taiwanense – southern Taiwan
- Bulbophyllum tenuislinguae
- Bulbophyllum tokioi – northern and central Taiwan
- Calanthe arcuata subsp. caudatilabella – southern Taiwan
- Calanthe arisanensis
- Calanthe dolichopoda
- Calanthe formosana
- Calanthe × hsinchuensis
- Cheirostylis nantouensis
- Cheirostylis pusilla var. simplex
- Cheirostylis tabiyahanensis – southeastern Taiwan
- Cheirostylis tortilacinia var. rubrifolia – southern Taiwan
- Cheirostylis tortilacinia var. wutaiensis
- Chiloschista segawae – south-central Taiwan
- Corybas puniceus – Yunlin
- Corybas taiwanensis – northern Taiwan
- Crepidium × cordilabium
- Crepidium roohutuense – southern Taiwan
- Cymbidium formosanum
- Cypripedium formosanum – central Taiwan
- Cypripedium segawae – east-central Taiwan
- Cypripedium taiwanalpinum
- Cyrtosia taiwanica
- Dendrobium furcatopedicellatum – central and southern Taiwan
- Dendrobium leptocladum – central and southern Taiwan
- Dendrobium sanseiense
- Dendrobium somae – eastern and southern Taiwan
- Dienia shuicae
- Epipactis fascicularis
- Epipactis ohwii – central Taiwan
- Epipogium kentingense
- Epipogium lalashanense
- Epipogium meridianum
- Epipogium taiwanense
- Erythrodes aggregata
- Erythrodes chinensis var. triantherae – Lan Yü
- Eulophia brachycentra – southern Taiwan
- Eulophia segawae – southeastern Taiwan
- Gastrochilus deltoglossus
- Gastrochilus guanwuensis
- Gastrochilus × hsuehshanensis –
- Gastrochilus linii – central Taiwan
- Gastrochilus matsudae – southern Taiwan
- *Gastrochilus matsudae var. hoi
- *Gastrochilus matsudae var. matsudae
- Gastrochilus raraensis
- Gastrochilus shaolinchianus
- Gastrochilus somae
- Gastrochilus yehii
- Gastrodia appendiculata – central Taiwan
- Gastrodia confusoides
- Gastrodia flavilabella – central Taiwan
- Gastrodia kaohsiungensis
- Gastrodia leoui
- Gastrodia leucochila
- Gastrodia nantoensis
- Gastrodia rubinea
- Gastrodia sui
- Goodyera daibuzanensis
- Goodyera maculata
- Goodyera yamiana – Lu Dao
- Habenaria alishanensis
- Habenaria longiracema – central and southern Taiwan
- Habenaria tsaiana
- Hemipilia alpestris – northern and central Taiwan
- Hemipilia × alpestroides
- Hemipilia kiraishiensis
- Hemipilia taiwanensis – central and southern Taiwan
- Hemipilia takasago-montana central and eastern Taiwan
- Hemipilia tominagae
- Holcoglossum pumilum
- Holcoglossum quasipinifolium
- × Holcosia pseudotaiwaniana
- × Holcosia taiwaniana (Holcoglossum quasipinifolium × ''Luisia teres''
Orobanchaceae
- Euphrasia nankotaizanensis
- Euphrasia tarokoana – Hualian Xian
- Euphrasia transmorrisonensis
- *Euphrasia transmorrisonensis var. durietziana
- *Euphrasia transmorrisonensis var. transmorrisonensis
- Pedicularis ikomae – northeastern Taiwan
- Pedicularis nanfutashanensis
- Pedicularis refracta var. transmorrisonensis – north-central Taiwan
- ''Striga crispata''
Oxalidaceae
- Oxalis daitunensis
- Oxalis griffithii subsp. taimonii
- ''Oxalis taitastricta''
Papaveraceae
- ''Corydalis campulicarpa''
Pentaphylacaceae
- Adinandra formosana
- *Adinandra formosana var. formosana
- *Adinandra formosana var. obtusissima – southern Taiwan
- Adinandra lasiostyla – central and southern Taiwan
- Adinandra taiwanensis
- Cleyera japonica var. taipinensis – northern and central Taiwan
- Cleyera lipingensis var. taipinensis – northern and central Taiwan
- Cleyera longicarpa – northern Taiwan
- Eurya chichaoyangensis
- Eurya citrifolia
- Eurya crenatifolia – northern and eastern Taiwan
- Eurya glaberrima
- Eurya guanwuensis
- Eurya leptophylla – central and eastern Taiwan
- Eurya rengechiensis – Taizhong
- Eurya septata
- Eurya shaolinchiensis
- Eurya taianensis
- Eurya taitungensis – Hualian
Phyllanthaceae
- Flueggea taiwanensis
- Glochidion lanyuense – Lan Yü
- Phyllanthus niinamii
- Phyllanthus oligospermus subsp. oligospermus
Pinaceae
- Abies kawakamii – central Taiwan
- Keteleeria davidiana var. formosana
- Picea morrisonicola – central Taiwan
- Pinus armandi var. mastersiana – Ali-shan and Yu-shan
- Pinus morrisonicola
- Pinus taiwanensis
- *Pinus taiwanensis var. fragilissima – eastern Taiwan
- *''Pinus taiwanensis var. taiwanensis''
Piperaceae
- Peperomia tairukouensis
- Piper kwashoense – southern Taiwan
- Piper lanyuense
- Piper okamotoi
- ''Piper taiwanense''
Pittosporaceae
- Pittosporum daphniphylloides var. daphniphylloides
- Pittosporum tobira var. calvescens – northern Taiwan
- Pittosporum viburnifolium – southern Taiwan
Plantaginaceae
- Callitriche raveniana
- Veronica morrisonicola
- Veronica oligosperma
- Veronica shichengensis
- Veronica taiwanica – Ilan Xian
- Veronica wulingensis
- Veronicastrum formosanum – Hualian Xian
- Veronicastrum loshanense – eastern Taiwan
Plumbaginaceae
- Limonium wrightii var. luteum
Poaceae
- Ampelocalamus naibunensis
- Arundinella taiwanica
- Arundo formosana var. gracilis – northern and western Taiwan
- Bambusa odashimae
- Bambusa utilis
- Brachypodium kawakamii
- Digitaria fauriei
- Elymus formosanus
- Eragrostis fauriei
- Festuca hondae
- Helictotrichon abietetorum
- Lolium formosanum – northeastern Taiwan
- Microstegium fauriei
- Mnesithea laevis var. chenii
- Panicum taiwanense
- Poa nankoensis
- Poa takasagomontana
- Poa tenuicula
- ''Spodiopogon formosanus''
Podocarpaceae
Polygalaceae
- Polygala arcuata – central and southern Taiwan
- Polygala sandiaochiaoensis
- ''Polygala taiwanensis''
Polygonaceae
- Koenigia yatagaiana
- Persicaria pilushanensis
- Polygonum hohuanshanense
- Polygonum ilanense
- Polygonum loshanense
- ''Polygonum taiwanense''
Polypodiaceae
- Arachniodes pseudoaristata
- Bolbitis lianhuachihensis
- Bolbitis × nanjenensis
- Cyrtomium simadae
- Cyrtomium taiwanianum
- Davallia chrysanthemifolia
- Dryopteris × holttumii
- Dryopteris kwanzanensis
- Dryopteris pseudolunanensis
- Dryopteris pseudosieboldii
- Dryopteris subatrata
- Dryopteris subexaltata
- Dryopteris tenuipes
- Goniophlebium raishaense
- Grammitis moorei
- Grammitis nuda
- Grammitis taiwanensis
- Lepisorus kawakamii
- Lepisorus megasorus
- Lepisorus monilisorus
- Lepisorus pseudoussuriensis
- Loxogramme biformis
- Loxogramme remote-frondigera
- Polystichum × gemmilachenense
- Polystichum integripinnum
- Polystichum parvipinnulum
- Polystichum pseudodeltodon
- Polystichum × pseudoparvipinnulum
- Polystichum pseudostenophyllum
- Polystichum × silviamontanum
- Polystichum subapiciflorum
- Polystichum subobliquum
- Polystichum taizhongense
- Selliguea echinospora
- Selliguea falcatopinnata – southern Taiwan and Lan Yü
- Selliguea taiwanensis
- ''Tectaria subfuscipes''
Primulaceae
- Ardisia cornudentata
- *Ardisia cornudentata subsp. cornudentata
- *Ardisia cornudentata subsp. morrisonensis
- *Ardisia cornudentata var. stenosepala
- Ardisia violacea
- Lysimachia chingshuiensis – Ch'ing-shui Shan
- Lysimachia taiwaniana
- Maesa hengchunensis
- Maesa hotungensis
- Maesa lanyuensis
- Maesa perlaria var. formosana
- Maesa tairukouensis
- ''Primula miyabeana''
Proteaceae
- Helicia rengetiensis
- ''Helicia yingtzulinia''
Pteridaceae
- Adiantum formosanum
- Adiantum meishanianum
- Adiantum menglianense – south-central Taiwan
- Adiantum taiwanianum
- Antrophyum castaneum
- Haplopteris heterophylla
- Pteris angustipinna
- Pteris austrotaiwanensis – southern Taiwan
- Pteris incurvata
- Pteris longipinna
- ''Pteris rugosifolia''
Ranunculaceae
- Aconitum formosanum – northern Taiwan
- Aconitum fukutomei
- Actaea taiwanensis
- Aquilegia kozakii – northeastern Taiwan
- Calathodes polycarpa
- Clematis akoensis – southern Taiwan
- Clematis chinensis var. tatushanensis
- Clematis formosana – eastern and southern Taiwan
- Clematis lishanensis – central Taiwan
- Clematis morii – central Taiwan
- Clematis parviloba var. bartlettii – central Taiwan
- Clematis psilandra – central Taiwan
- Clematis tamurae
- Clematis terniflora var. garanbiensis – southern Taiwan
- Clematis tsugetorum – northern Taiwan
- Dichocarpum arisanense
- Dichocarpum uniflorum
- Ranunculus cheirophyllus
- Ranunculus formosa-montanus – Nanhu Dashan
- Ranunculus junipericola
- Ranunculus matsudae
- Ranunculus morii – northern Taiwan
- Ranunculus nankotaizanus – Nanhu Dashan
- Ranunculus taisanensis
- Ranunculus taiwanensis
- Thalictrum lecoyeri var. debilistylum
- Thalictrum myriophyllum – northern Taiwan
- Thalictrum oshimae
- Thalictrum rubescens – northern Taiwan
- Thalictrum sessile
- Thalictrum urbaini
- *Thalictrum urbaini var. majus
- *Thalictrum urbaini var. urbaini
- ''Trollius taihasenzanensis''
Rhamnaceae
- Berchemia arisanensis
- Berchemia fenchifuensis
- Berchemia paniculata
- Rhamnus formosana
- Rhamnus nakaharae
- Rhamnus pilushanensis
- Rhamnus salixiophylla
- Rhamnus utilis var. chingshuiensis
- Sageretia randaiensis – northern and central Taiwan
- ''Ventilago elegans''
Rosaceae
- Argentina tugitakensis
- Cotoneaster chingshuiensis
- Cotoneaster hualiensis
- Cotoneaster konishii
- Cotoneaster morrisonensis
- Cotoneaster nantouensis
- Cotoneaster rosiflorus
- Cotoneaster siyuanensis
- Cotoneaster taiwanensis
- Cotoneaster tetrapetalus
- Filipendula kiraishiensis
- Fragaria hayatae
- Fragaria tayulinensis
- Macromeles formosana
- Photinia chingshuiensis
- Photinia serratifolia var. ardisiifolia – eastern Taiwan
- Photinia serratifolia var. daphniphylloides – eastern Taiwan
- Photinia serratifolia var. lasiopetala – central Taiwan
- Potentilla morrisonensis
- Pourthiaea lucida
- Prinsepia scandens
- Prunus chiliangensis
- Prunus guanwuensis
- Prunus tayulinensis
- Prunus transarisanensis
- Pyracantha koidzumii
- Pyrus alpinotaiwaniana
- Rhaphiolepis indica f. impressivena
- Rhaphiolepis indica var. shilanensis
- Rhaphiolepis indica var. tashiroi – northern and southern Taiwan
- Rosa hohuanlinparvifolia
- Rosa morrisonensis – Yushan
- Rosa pricei
- Rosa shaolinchiensis
- Rosa taiwanensis
- Rosa yilanalpina
- Rubus arachnoideus – eastern Taiwan
- Rubus cuifengensis
- Rubus glandulosocalycinus – central and northern Taiwan
- Rubus hohuanshanensis
- Rubus kawakamii
- Rubus lanyuensis
- Rubus liui – northeastern Taiwan
- Rubus parviaraliifolius
- Rubus parvifolius var. toapiensis – eastern Taiwan
- Rubus siyuanensis
- Rubus taitoensis
- *Rubus taitoensis var. aculeatiflorus
- *Rubus taitoensis var. taitoensis
- Rubus taiwanicola – central Taiwan
- Rubus tayulinensis
- Rubus yuenfengensis
- Rubus yuliensis – eastern Taiwan
- Sorbus randaiensis
- Spiraea japonica var. formosana
- Spiraea morrisonicola
- *Spiraea morrisonicola var. hayatana
- *Spiraea morrisonicola var. morrisonicola
- Spiraea prunifolia var. pseudoprunifolia
- Spiraea tarokoensis – eastern Taiwan
- Spiraea tatakaensis – central Taiwan
Rubiaceae
- Conjugatovarium
- *Conjugatovarium lalashanianum
- Damnacanthus angustifolius
- Galium alboflorum
- Galium echinocarpum – central Taiwan
- Galium formosense – Gaoxiong
- Galium guanwuense
- Galium hohuanshanense
- Galium lishanense
- Galium minutissimum – Hualian
- Galium morii – Jiayi
- Galium nanhumontanum
- Galium nankotaizanum – mountains of Taiwan
- Galium shengkuangense
- Galium siyuanianum
- Galium taiwanense – northern Taiwan mountains
- Galium takasagomontanum
- Galium tarokoense
- Lasianthus simizui
- Leptopetalum taiwanense – Taiwan including Lü Tao
- Mussaenda acalycophylla
- Mussaenda darenensis
- Mussaenda horenensis
- Neanotis formosana
- Oldenlandia butensis – Yilan
- Ophiorrhiza hayatana
- Rubia linii
- Scleromitrion sirayanum
- Shaolinchiana
- *Shaolinchiana lalashaniana
- *Shaolinchiana taiwaniana
- *Shaolinchiana tungyanshaniana
- Tangshuia
- *Tangshuia pitouchaoensis
- Theligonum formosanum – western Taiwan
- ''Wendlandia erythroxylon''
Rutaceae
- Glycosmis erythrocarpa
- Skimmia japonica subsp. distincte-venulosa
- Skimmia japonica var. orthoclada
- Zanthoxylum wutaiense – Pingdong
Sabiaceae
- ''Sabia transarisanensis''
Salicaceae
- Salix doii
- Salix fulvopubescens
- Salix kunyangensis
- Salix kusanoi
- Salix morrisonicola
- *Salix morrisonicola var. morrisonicola
- *Salix morrisonicola var. takasagoalpina
- Salix okamotoana
- Salix pilushanensis
- Salix tagawana
- ''Salix taiwanalpina''
Santalaceae
- ''Viscum taiwanianum''
Sapindaceae
- Acer albopurpurascens
- Acer buergerianum var. formosanum – northern and central Taiwan
- Acer caudatifolium
- Acer morrisonense
- Acer serrulatum – northern and central Taiwan
- Acer tutcheri subsp. formosanum
- Koelreuteria elegans subsp. formosana
Saxifragaceae
- Asimitellaria formosana
- Astilbe longicarpa
- Astilbe macroflora – central Taiwan
- Chrysosplenium hebetatum
- Chrysosplenium lanuginosum var. formosanum
- Chrysosplenium taiwanianum''
Schisandraceae
- Illicium arborescens
- Illicium × rubellum
- Schisandra arisanensis subsp. arisanensis
Scrophulariaceae
- Scrophularia formosana – Taidong Xian
- ''Scrophularia yoshimurae''
Selaginellaceae
- Selaginella devolii
- Selaginella helvetica subsp. pseudonipponica
Simaroubaceae
- Ailanthus altissima var. tanakae – northern Taiwan
Smilacaceae
- Smilax horridiramula – central and eastern Taiwan
- Smilax insularis – southern Taiwan
- Smilax luei – central Taiwan
- Smilax nantoensis – central Taiwan
- Smilax taipeiensis – northern Taiwan
- Smilax taiwanensis
- ''Smilax tungyuanensis''
Solanaceae
- Solanum chingchunense
- ''Solanum peikuoense''
Staphyleaceae
- ''Staphylea formosana''
Styracaceae
- Alniphyllum pterospermum
- Styrax suberifolius var. hayataianus
Symplocaceae
- Symplocos juiyenensis – central Taiwan
- Symplocos koidzumiana
- Symplocos migoi
- Symplocos nokoensis
- Symplocos shilanensis
- Symplocos sonoharae var. formosana
- Symplocos sumuntia var. modesta
- ''Symplocos taiwanensis''
Taxaceae
- Amentotaxus formosana – southeastern Taiwan
Theaceae
- Camellia chinmeiae
- Camellia guanwuensis
- Camellia hsinpeiensis
- ''Camellia tungyanshanensis''
Thymelaeaceae
- Daphne arisanensis
- Daphne chingshuishaniana – Ch'ing-shui Shan
- Daphne morrisonensis – Mt. Yushan
- Daphne nana – eastern Taiwan
- Daphne yangtoushanensis
- Wikstroemia mononectaria
- ''Wikstroemia taiwanensis''
Ulmaceae
- Ulmus uyematsui – central Taiwan
Urticaceae
- Chamabainia guanwuensis
- Chamabainia meifenggensis
- Dendrocnide kotoensis – Taidong
- Elatostema acuteserratum – southeastern Taiwan including Lan Yü
- Elatostema amoenum
- Elatostema caudifolium
- Elatostema elongatopeduncellatum
- Elatostema guanwuense
- Elatostema hirtellipedunculata
- Elatostema × hybrida
- Elatostema hypoglaucum
- Elatostema lalashanense
- Elatostema liutangshuii
- Elatostema nanhumontanum
- Elatostema pauciflorum
- Elatostema rivulare
- Elatostema siyuanwukouense
- Elatostema strigillosum – Taidong
- Elatostema subcoriaceum – Lan Yü
- Elatostema taiwanense
- Elatostema taoyuanense
- Elatostema tungyanshanense
- Elatostema villosum – southern Taiwan
- Laportea taiwanensis
- Parietaria taiwaniana
- Pilea funkikensis
- Pilea loshanensis
- Pilea matsudae
- Pilea rotundinucula
- Pilea somae – southern Taiwan
- Pilea taiwanensis
- Pilea yingshaoyaoana
- Pouzolzia sanguinea var. formosana
- Pouzolzia taiwaniana
- Urtica taiwaniana – central Taiwan
- Urtica thunbergiana subsp. perserrata
Viburnaceae
- Viburnum formosanum subsp. formosanum
- Viburnum hayatae
- Viburnum odoratissimum var. arboricola
- Viburnum parvifolium
- Viburnum pilushanicum
- Viburnum plicatum var. formosanum – northern Taiwan
- Viburnum taiwanianum – central and southern Taiwan
Violaceae
- Viola adenothrix
- *Viola adenothrix var. adenothrix
- *Viola adenothrix var. tsugitakaensis
- Viola betonicifolia var. yuanfengia
- Viola formosana
- *Viola formosana var. formosana
- *Viola formosana var. kawakamii
- Viola lungtungensis
- Viola nagasawae
- *Viola nagasawae var. nagasawae
- *Viola nagasawae var. pricei
- Viola obtusa var. tsuifengensis – Nantou
- Viola pilushanensis
- Viola pitouchaoensis
- Viola pubipetala
- Viola sandaiojiaoensis
- Viola senzanensis
- Viola shaoyoukengensis
- Viola shinchikuensis
- Viola wulinfarmensis
- ''Viola xibaoensis''
Vitaceae
- Cissus pingtungensis
- Pseudocayratia pengiana
- ''Tetrastigma lanyuense''
Xyridaceae
- ''Xyris formosana''
Zingiberaceae
- Alpinia × ilanensis – northeastern Taiwan
- Alpinia kawakamii – southern Taiwan
- Alpinia koshunensis – southern Taiwan
- Alpinia kusshakuensis – northern Taiwan
- Alpinia lalashanensis
- Alpinia mesanthera
- Alpinia nantoensis
- Alpinia oui
- Alpinia pricei – eastern Taiwan
- Alpinia sessiliflora – central Taiwan
- Alpinia shimadae
- Alpinia shoukaensis
- Alpinia tonrokuensis – northern Taiwan
- Alpinia uraiensis – northern Taiwan
- Zingiber chengii
- Zingiber kawagoei
- Zingiber pleiostachyum – southern Taiwan
- ''Zingiber shuanglongense''