Electric car EPA fuel economy

The following table compares official EPA ratings for fuel economy for series production all-electric passenger vehicles rated by the EPA for model years 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2023 versus the model year 2016 vehicles that were rated the most efficient by the EPA with plug-in hybrid drivetrains, hybrid [electric vehicle|gasoline-electric hybrid] drivetrains, and the average new vehicle for that model year, which has a fuel economy of.
EPA rating data are taken from manufacturer testing of their own vehicles using a series of tests specified by federal law. Manufacturers usually conduct the tests using pre-production prototypes. Manufacturers report the results to EPA. The EPA then reviews the results and selects about 15%–20% of them to confirm through their own tests at the National Vehicles and Fuel Emissions Laboratory.
Real-world EV efficiency can also be expressed in miles per kilowatt-hour, which converts EPA MPGe values into direct electrical energy consumption, allowing cross-comparison between electric and gasoline vehicles.

ADAC also carried out consumption measurements.