Edmund Landolt


Jacques Rodolphe Edmund Landolt was a Swiss ophthalmologist stationed in Paris, mostly known for a wide range of publications and his research in the field of ophthalmology.

First years

Edmund Landolt was born in Kirchberg, Switzerland, of a French mother, Rosina Baumgartner, and Swiss father, Rudolf Landolt.
He came to France during the war in 1871 with a Swiss ambulance hospital, and
was present at the battles around Belfort, where he contracted enteric fever.

Study and work

Studied at University of Zurich where he got a Ph.D. in 1869 and was through this time and later pupil of
Knapp in Heidelberg,
Ferdinand Arlt in Vienna,
Von Graefe and Helmholtz in Berlin,
Horner in Zürich,
and
Snellen and Donders in Utrecht.
Worked in physiological optics with, among others, Snellen and Donders.
After study and practice in Utrecht and Germany he established himself in Paris in 1874 where he
became oculist to the Institut National des Jeunes Aveugles.
With Panas and Poncet he re-founded the Archives d'ophtalmologie in 1881 and
co-directed the Laboratoire d’Ophtalmologie with Javal.
Landolt's eye clinic on the Rue Saint-André-des-Arts was world-famous. There he treated, among others, Mary Cassatt, and gave her a diagnosis of cataracts.

Special fields of work

Ocular muscles and their disorders.
Pioneering the work in their study and treatment.
He discovered “Landolt's bodies” between the rods and cones of the outer nuclear layer of the retina, investigated the functions of the ocular muscles and devised a new advancement operation.
Famous for his publication of Landolt C.

Publications

English

The introduction of the metrical system into ophthalmology, London : J. & A. Churchill, 1876. The artificial eye, London : Trübner & Co., 1879.
  • * tr. Edgar Athelstane BrowneA manual of examination of the eyes. A course of lectures delivered at the "Ećole pratique,", Philadelphia, D. G. Brinton, 1879.
  • * tr. Swan M BurnettA manual of examination of the eyes. A course of lectures delivered at the "École pratique,", Philadelphia, D. G. Brinton, 1879.
  • * Ed. 2.: London : Baillie're, Tindall & Cox, 1879. On myopia, London : Harrison and Sons, 1879. On insufficiency of the power of convergence,, 1886. The refraction and accommodation of the eye and their anomalies, Edinburgh, Pentland, 1886.
  • * Ed. 2.: Phila., J. B. Lippincott Company., 1886.
  • * Refraction and accommodation of the eye and their anomalies, Edinburgh, Young J. Pentland, 1886. Cataract-operation, in our time, : Ophthalmic Record, 1892. Vade mecum of ophthalmological therapeutics, Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1898.
  • * and GygaxOn ophthalmic surgery, being the Bowman lecture delivered on Wednesday, June 7, 1911., Lond. 1911. Defective ocular movements and their diagnosis, London, Frowde, 1913.
  • * and Marc Landolt

French

Le grossissement des images ophthalmoscopiques, Paris : Adrien Delahaye, 1874. OCLC: 16077174Sur les causes de l'amétropie, Paris, 1877. OCLC: 79211659Leçons sur le diagnostic des maladies des yeux : faite à l'Ecole pratique de la Faculté de médicine de Paris, pendant le semester d'été 1875, Paris : Aux Bureaux du Progrès Médical : Ve A. Delahaye, 1877. OCLC: 16867948L'œil artificiel, Paris : Octave Doin, 1878. OCLC: 65009615Manuel d'ophthalmoscopie., Paris, Doin, 1878. OCLC: 14863824Clinique des maladies des yeux. Compte rendu pour l'anneé 1878, Coulommiers : P. Brodard, 1879. OCLC: 53178656Traité complet d'ophthalmologie, Paris : V. Adrien Delahaye, 1880-1889. OCLC: 9766547
  • * and Louis de Wecker.
  • * Ed. 2.: Paris, Lecrosnier et Babé, 1880-89. OCLC: 14860559Tableau synoptique des mouvements des yeux & de leurs anomalies, Paris : Martinet, OCLC: 67734772Tableau synoptique des mouvements des yeux et de leurs anomalies, . OCLC: 61653001
  • * aa. Librairie médicale scientifique vigot frères,Notice biographique à la mémoire du Docteur C F Horner, professeur d'ophthalmologie à l'Université de Zurich, Paris :, 1887. OCLC: 81850385
  • * and C Johann Friedrich HornerNotice biographique à la mémoire du Docteur T.F. Horner, professeur d'ophthalmologie à l'Université de Zurich, Paris, 1887. OCLC: 82939545Rapport sur la question du strabisme, preś. au VIIe Congreś international d'ophthalmologie à Heidelberg, Wiesbaden, 1888. OCLC: 67724682Opto-types simples. 2 circular disks, Paris : O. Doin, 1889. OCLC: 53178663F. C. Donders, Paris : Steinheil, 1889. OCLC: 69060626Un nouveau procédé d'opération dans le distichiasis, Paris, 1890. OCLC: 67724675Un nouveau cas d'achromatopsie totale, Paris : G. Steinheil, 1891. OCLC: 53178653H. de Helmholtz : esquisse biographique,, 1894. OCLC: 65101525
  • * and H. de HelmholtzPrécis de thérapeutique ophtalmologique, Paris, Masson, 1895. OCLC: 14808861
  • * and GygaxNouveaux objets-types pour la de\´ermination de lacute visuelle, Paris : Doin, 1899. OCLC: 65087355Nouveau objets-types pour la détermination de l'acuité visuelle., Paris : O. Doin, 1899. OCLC: 53178619Souvenirs sur H.Snellen, Paris : Steinheil, 1908. OCLC: 67520817Diagnostic des troubles de la motilité oculaire, Paris, Masson, 1909. Ed. française par Marc Landolt OCLC: 14785955Examen des mouvements normaux & pathologiques des yeux, Paris, G. Steinheil, 1916. OCLC: 5856097

Family

Married Valerie Hübscher. Two sons; Dr. Fernand Landolt, laryngologist and Dr. Marc Landolt, ophthalmologist.

Curiosity

He is mentioned in Sherlock Holmes' book The Demon Device p. 44.
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle spent time with him in Paris in relation to his study in ophthalmology in Vienna.