Demographics of Austria

Demographic features of the population of Austria include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
According to the 2001 population census, 88.6% are native German speakers while the remaining 11.4% speak several minority languages. The non-German speakers of Austria can be divided into two groups: traditional minorities, who are related to territories formerly part of the Habsburg monarchy, and new minorities, resulting from recent immigration.
Despite a low fertility rate recently making the natural change negative, the Austrian population keeps steadily increasing due to an immigration rate increase compensating for the low amount of births, and by 2023, Austria reached a population of 9 million people.

Population

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review.

One birth every 6 minutes
One death every 6 minutes
One net migrant every 26 minutes
Net gain of one person every 26 minutes

Fertility

The total fertility rate is the number of children born per woman. It is based on fairly good data for the entire period in the present-day Hungary. Sources: Our World In Data and Gapminder Foundation.

Year	1870	1871	1872	1873	1874	1875	1876	1877	1878	1879
Rate	4.69	4.65	4.75	4.83	4.8	4.81	4.92	4.72	4.61	4.61
Year	1880	1881	1882	1883	1884	1885	1886	1887	1888	1889
Rate	4.62	4.55	4.56	4.51	4.58	4.49	4.51	4.49	4.43	4.44
Year	1890	1891	1892	1893	1894	1895	1896	1897	1898	1899
Rate	4.24	4.48	4.31	4.36	4.34	4.4	4.4	4.33	4.35	4.35

; Total fertility rate
1.48 children born/woman Country comparison to the world: 199th
;Mother's mean age at first birth

Life expectancy

;Life expectancy at birth

Age structure

;Median age

Vital statistics

Data according to Statistik Austria.
Notable events in Austrian demographics:

1914-1919 – First World War
1938 – Anschluss
1940-1944 – Second World War

In the year 2024, 33.3% of all newborns had mothers with a foreign nationality and 35.8% had foreign-born mothers.

Structure of the population

Age group	Male	Female	Total	%
Total	4,093,938	4,308,002	8,401,940	100
0–4	202 637	192 069	394 706	4.70
5–9	207 779	198 248	406 027	4.83
10–14	218 499	208 458	426 957	5.08
15–19	251 251	237 567	488 818	5.82
20–24	267 651	260 024	527 675	6.28
25–29	277 236	275 547	552 783	6.58
30–34	270 267	268 040	538 307	6.41
35–39	280 207	284 610	564 817	6.72
40–44	338 455	336 787	675 242	8.04
45–49	358 163	352 225	710 388	8.46
50–54	312 890	313 272	626 162	7.45
55–59	253 019	264 261	517 280	6.16
60–64	231 598	249 067	480 665	5.72
65–69	189 221	213 608	402 829	4.79
70–74	187 956	222 358	410 314	4.88
75–79	110 870	151 333	262 203	3.12
80–84	83 066	135 067	218 133	2.60
85–89	40 153	101 619	141 772	1.69
90–94	10 997	35 365	46 362	0.55
95–99	1 836	7 552	9 388	0.11
100+	187	925	1 112	0.01
Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	628 915	598 775	1,227,690	14.61
15–64	2,840,737	2,841,400	5,682,137	67.63
65+	624 286	867 827	1,492,113	17.76

Age group	Male	Female	Total	%
Total	4,378,772	4,522,292	8,901,064	100
0–4	224 096	211 739	435 835	4.90
5–9	219 209	206 018	425 227	4.78
10–14	216 381	205 617	421 998	4.74
15–19	225 558	212 297	437 855	4.92
20–24	266 200	251 570	517 770	5.82
25–29	308 142	293 260	601 402	6.76
30–34	309 081	298 547	607 628	6.83
35–39	307 461	302 843	610 304	6.86
40–44	283 167	281 274	564 441	6.34
45–49	308 507	313 946	622 453	6.99
50–54	356 947	354 457	711 404	7.99
55–59	342 150	343 335	685 485	7.70
60–64	275 937	289 698	565 635	6.35
65–69	213 220	237 161	450 381	5.06
70–74	179 931	211 723	391 654	4.40
75–79	165 737	211 808	377 545	4.24
80–84	102 723	144 999	247 722	2.78
85–89	51 519	91 697	143 216	1.61
90–94	19 354	46 360	65 714	0.74
95–99	3 278	12 924	16 202	0.18
100–104	167	966	1 133	0.01
105–109	7	52	59	<0.01
110+	0	1	1	<0.01
Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	659 686	623 374	1,283,060	14.41
15–64	2,983,150	2,941,227	5,924,377	66.56
65+	735 936	957 691	1,693,627	19.03

Ethnic groups

Traditional ethnic minorities in Austria

Only three numerically significant traditional minority groups exist – 13,109 Carinthian Slovenes in Austrian Carinthia and about 25,000 Croats and 20,000 Hungarians in Burgenland. The Slovenes form a closely knit community. Their rights as well as those of the Croats are protected by law and generally respected in practice. The present boundaries of Austria, once the center of the Habsburg monarchy that constituted the second-largest composite monarchy in Europe, were established in accordance with the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye in 1919. Some Austrians, particularly near Vienna, still have relatives in countries that made up the Monarchy, namely Croatia, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia and Hungary.

New ethnic minorities in Austria

[Image:COB data Austria.PNG|400px|right|thumb]
Austria does not collect data on the ethnicity or race of its citizens but does collect data on the nationality of residents currently in the country.
According to the Austrian Statistical Bureau, 814,800 foreigners legally lived in Austria in mid-2006, representing 9.8% of the total population, one of the highest rates in Europe.
Of these foreign residents, 305,100 came from the former Yugoslavia and 110,800 from Turkey.
Owing to a growing naturalization rate, 330,000 people have been naturalized between 1985 and the end of 2003, representing about 4% of the 7.4 million Austrian citizens living today in the country.
Of these new citizens 110,000 came from the former Yugoslavia and 90,000 from Turkey. Considering pre-1985 naturalizations, in 2005 at least 18% of the population was either foreign or of foreign origin. Native Austrians have had stagnant demographics since World War I, and have been in absolute decline since the 1970s.

Immigration

As of 2011, Statistik Austria official estimates have shown that 81% of residents, or 6.75 million had no migration background and more than 19% or 1.6 million inhabitants had at least one parent of immigrant background. There are more than 415,000 descendants of foreign-born immigrants residing in Austria, the great majority of whom have been naturalized.
According to Eurostat, there were 1.27 million foreign-born residents in Austria in 2010, corresponding to 15.2% of the total population. Of these, 764,000 were born outside the EU and 512,000 were born in another EU member state.
350,000 ethnic Turks currently live in Austria. At about 3% of the total population, they make up the biggest single ethnic minority in Austria.
In 2018, the percentage of foreign born people was around 19% of the total population which is also the second highest foreign born proportion of all EU countries after Luxembourg.

Migration data of Austria, 2013–present

Year	Immigration	Emigration	Net migration
2013	151,280	96,552	+54,728
2014	170,115	97,791	+72,324
2015	214,410	101,343	+113,067
2016	174,310	109,634	+64,676
2017	154,749	110,119	+44,630
2018	146,856	111,555	+35,301
2019	150,419	109,806	+40,613
2020	136,343	96,279	+40,064
2021	154,202	101,714	+52,488
2022	261,937	124,958	+136,979
2023	194,959	128,330	+66,629
2024	178,574	128,469	+50,105

, the most common groups of foreign residents in Austria were as follows:

Rank

Nationality

Population

% of foreign nationals

Total

1,729,820

100

Naturalisation

Foreign nationals may apply for Austrian citizenship under the following preconditions: at least 10 years of continuous stay in Austria, sufficient financial means/secure income, no criminal record, sufficient knowledge of the German language, positive attitude towards the Republic of Austria. EEA citizens may apply for citizenship after six years of permanent residence in Austria.

Region	Naturalised persons	Percentage
Europe	18,594	16.2%
Other European countries	52,741	45.9%
Africa	9,406	8.2%
America	2,704	2.4%
Asia	30,416	26.5%
Oceania	45	0.04%
Unknown	1,034	0.9%
Total	114,940	100%

Languages

German 88.8%
Turkish 2.5%
Serbian 2.3%
Croatian 1.3%
Slovene 0.2–0.5%
Hungarian 0.2%
Czech 0.2%
Slovak 0.1%
Yiddish ?%
Romani ?%
Languages of the recent immigrant groups around 10%

Religion

In 2001, about 74% of Austria's population were registered as Roman Catholic, while about 5% considered themselves Protestants. Austrian Christians, both Catholic and Protestant, are obliged to pay a mandatory membership fee to their church; this payment is called "Kirchenbeitrag". Since the second half of the 20th century, the number of adherents and churchgoers has declined. Data for the end of 2016 from the Austrian Roman Catholic church lists 5,162,622 members, or 58.8% of the total Austrian population. Sunday church attendance was 605,828 or 7% of the total Austrian population in 2015. The Lutheran church also recorded a loss of 74,421 adherents between 2001 and 2016.
About 12% of the population declared that they have no religion in 2001; this share had grown to 20% by 2015. Of the remaining people, around 340,000 were registered as members of various Muslim communities in 2001, mainly due to the influx from Turkey, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo. The number of Muslims has doubled in 15 years to 700,000 in 2016. About 680,000 are members of Eastern Orthodox Church, about 21,000 people are active Jehovah's Witnesses and about 8,100 are Jewish.
An estimated 15,000 Jews or adherents of Judaism live in Austria, primarily in Vienna – a remnant of the post-World War II community after the Nazi Holocaust.

Newborn by religion

Year	Catholic	Protestant	Orthodox	Muslim	Other
2019	37.73%	2.29%	4.40%	11.66%	43.92%
2018	42.54%	2.65%	4.99%	13.37%	36.45%
2017	47.08%	3.01%	5.54%	14.28%	30.09%
2016	49.26%	3.24%	5.3%	14.59%	27.61%
2015	49.52%	3.08%	5.08%	12.75%	29.57%

In 2017, 41,259 out of the 87,633 newborns had a Catholic mother, 12,514 Muslim mother and 2,635 had a Protestant mother.
In 2016, 43,190 out of the 87,675 newborns had a Catholic mother, 12,794 Muslim mother and 2,841 had a Protestant mother.
In 2015, 41,783 out of the 84,381 newborns had a Catholic mother, 10,760 Muslim mother and 2,595 had a Protestant mother.