Unitary Democratic Coalition


The Unitary Democratic Coalition is an electoral and political coalition between the Portuguese Communist Party and the Ecologist Party "The Greens". The coalition also integrates the political movement Democratic Intervention.
The coalition was formed in 1987 in order to run to the simultaneous legislative election and European Parliament election that were held on July 19 of that year. It achieved its best result in the 1987 elections both nationally and locally. From 1991 until 2019, the party consistently won between six and ten percent of the national vote in elections to the Assembly of the Republic until 2022 and 2024, in which the coalition dropped below 5% nationally for the first time. The coalition supported the minority Socialist Costa Government from 2015 until 2019 with a confidence and supply agreement.

History

Since the beginning of the coalition, the member parties have never participated separately in any election. The Communist Party is the major force of the coalition and has the majority of places in the electoral lists while the Greens are a smaller party. For example, the Greens were responsible for 2 members of parliament among the 17 elected by the coalition in the 2015 legislative election. Each party has its own parliamentary group and counts as a separate party in official issues.
Along with the Left Bloc, the coalition supported the minority Socialist Costa Government from 2015 until 2019 under a confidence and supply agreement. This was known as the "Geringonça" deal, a setup that Prime minister António Costa decided to end following the 2019 elections.
In the 2022 election, the CDU won six seats while the Greens achieved zero seats. In the 2024 election, the CDU won four seats and the Greens zero, with the coalition achieving just 3.3 percent of the votes. In 2024, the coalition lost their historic seat in the Beja district and for the first time lost all MPs in the Alentejo region.

Symbol

The present symbol of CDU shows the PCP's symbol and the PEV's symbol, a hammer and sickle and a sunflower, respectively, with the respective names below. That symbol replaced a former one that featured three hexagons with the inscription: CDU and was often used with a beehive. That was sometimes said to mean that CDU worked just like a bee and the hexagons were meant to represent the cell-based Leninist organization of the PCP.

Youth organization

The coalition has a youth wing, called Juventude CDU, that develops political work in youth related subjects, along with youth-oriented activities, mainly during the electoral campaigns. The Juventude CDU is mainly composed by members of the youth wings of the parties that compose the CDU, the Portuguese Communist Youth and the Ecolojovem.

Election results

Assembly of the Republic

Vote share in the Portuguese legislative elections

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bar:1987 color:CDU from:start till:12.1 text:12.1
bar:1991 color:CDU from:start till:8.8 text:8.8
bar:1995 color:CDU from:start till:8.6 text:8.6
bar:1999 color:CDU from:start till:9.0 text:9.0
bar:2002 color:CDU from:start till:6.9 text:6.9
bar:2005 color:CDU from:start till:7.5 text:7.5
bar:2009 color:CDU from:start till:7.9 text:7.9
bar:2011 color:CDU from:start till:7.9 text:7.9
bar:2015 color:CDU from:start till:8.3 text:8.3
bar:2019 color:CDU from:start till:6.3 text:6.3
bar:2022 color:CDU from:start till:4.3 text:4.3
bar:2024 color:CDU from:start till:3.2 text:3.2
bar:2025 color:CDU from:start till:2.9 text:2.9

ElectionLeaderVotes%Seats+/-Government
1987Álvaro Cunhal689,13712.1 7
1991Álvaro Cunhal504,5838.8 14
1995Carlos Carvalhas506,1578.6 2
1999Carlos Carvalhas487,0589.0 2
2002Carlos Carvalhas379,8706.9 5
2005Jerónimo de Sousa433,3697.5 2
2009Jerónimo de Sousa446,2797.9 1
2011Jerónimo de Sousa441,1477.9 1
2015Jerónimo de Sousa445,9018.3 1
2015Jerónimo de Sousa445,9018.3 1
2019Jerónimo de Sousa332,0186.3 5
2022Jerónimo de Sousa238,9204.3 6
2024Paulo Raimundo205,5513.2 2
2025Paulo Raimundo183,6862.9 1

Presidential

European Parliament

ElectionLeaderVotes%Seats+/–EP Group
1987Ângelo Veloso648,70011.5 COM
1989Carlos Carvalhas597,75914.4 1EUL / G
1994Luis Manuel de Sá340,72511.2 1GUE/NGL
1999Ilda Figueiredo357,67110.3 1GUE/NGL
2004Ilda Figueiredo309,4019.1 0GUE/NGL
2009Ilda Figueiredo379,78710.6 0GUE/NGL
2014João Ferreira416,92512.7 1GUE/NGL
2019João Ferreira228,0456.9 1The Left
2024João Oliveira162,6304.1 1The Left

Regional Assemblies

Local elections