December 1953

The following events occurred in December 1953:

December 1, 1953 (Tuesday)

Born: Victor Ambros, American developmental biologist and Nobel Laureate, in Hanover, New Hampshire, United States

The United Kingdom and Iran reformed diplomatic relations.
Died: Tran Trong Kim, 70, Vietnamese historian and Prime Minister of the Empire of Vietnam

off Miami Beach, Florida, 52-year-old American attorney Hope Root died in an attempt to set a new deep diving record of. Root descended to and did not resurface.

A Federal grand jury indicted University of Chicago economist Val R. Lorwin on three counts of perjury in denying any Communist affiliation to State Department investigators in December 1950.
Born:
*Jean-Pierre Darroussin, French actor and filmmaker, in Courbevoie
*Rick Middleton, Canadian National Hockey League player, in Toronto
*Jean-Marie Pfaff, Belgian professional footballer, in Lebbeke, East Flanders
Died:
*Curio Barbasetti di Prun, 68, Italian World War II general
*Mario Gestri, 29, Italian road cyclist, died in a motorcycle accident.
*Daniel Gregory Mason, 80, American composer and music critic

A violent 1953 [Vicksburg, Mississippi tornado|F5 tornado devastated] parts of Vicksburg, Mississippi.
Died: Allen Wardwell, 80, American attorney

With the NBC Symphony Orchestra, conductor Arturo Toscanini performed what he claimed to be his favorite Beethoven symphony, the Eroica, for the last time. The live performance was broadcast nationwide on radio, and later released on records and CD.

A visit to Iran by U.S. Vice President Richard Nixon sparked several days of riots, as a reaction to the August 19 overthrow of the government of Mohammad Mosaddegh by the U.S.-backed Shah. Three students were shot dead by police in Tehran. This event would become an annual commemoration, Student Day.

U.S. Air Force test pilot Chuck Yeager set a new flight airspeed record of Mach 2.435 in the Bell X-1A experimental aircraft at Edwards Air Force Base. During the flight, Yeager lost control of the aircraft, which tumbled nearly in 70 seconds before Yeager regained control at.
J. Robert Oppenheimer received an honorary Doctor of Science degree from Oxford University.
An earthquake centered in the northwestern offshore area of Tumbes, Peru caused six deaths.
A new terminal designed by Carroll, Grisdale & Van Alen was dedicated at Philadelphia International Airport.
Former child star Freddie Bartholomew married television personality Aileen Paul. The couple would divorce in 1977.
A human crush at the Basilica of [Our Lady of Guadalupe|Shrine of the Virgin of Guadalupe] in Mexico City killed four people and injured 1,000.
Died:
*Mikhail Dratvin, 56, Soviet lieutenant general
*Karin Stephen, 64, British psychoanalyst and psychologist, died by suicide.
*Morgan Wallace, 72, American actor

Died: Sir Maneckji Byramji Dadabhoy, KCSI, Knight Commander of the [Order of the Star of India|KCIE], 88, Indian lawyer and industrialist, President of the Council of State

Born: Nawaf Salam, Lebanese politician and judge, Prime Minister of Lebanon, in Beirut
Died:
*Ed Barrow, 85, American Major League Baseball manager and front office executive, died from a malignancy.
*George White, 81, American politician, former Governor of Ohio
*Michael J. Kernan, 69, American politician, former member of the New York State Senate
*Robert Stangland, 72, American Olympic athlete and consulting engineer
*Alfred Lee Wyman, 79, judge of the United States District Court for the District of South Dakota

The CinemaScope adventure film Beneath the 12-Mile Reef, directed by Robert D. Webb and released by 20th Century Fox, received its world premiere in New York City.

The U.S. Federal Communications Commission approved color television.
A Lockheed P2V Neptune with nine crew aboard was reported missing and presumed down in the North Atlantic. Wreckage of the patrol bomber was sighted on Myrdalsjokull Glacier with at least three survivors on 18 December. The plane had departed from Keflavik Airport. The 53d Air Rescue Squadron flew in an Icelandic ground rescue party, including expert skiers, to an airfield at the foot of the glacier. The wreckage was at the level. Efforts to reach the crash site were hampered for several days by blizzards and high winds. When the site was reached on 21 December, all nine crew were dead and supplies dropped within of the wreckage four days before were untouched.

A train crash in Sydenham, New South Wales, killed five people and injured 748.
The Bridgeport Harbor Light, built in 1851, caught fire and was destroyed while being dismantled to be replaced by an electric beacon. A bonfire burning unsalvageable wood ignited the fire that destroyed the lighthouse.
Died:
*Robert Millikan, 85, American physicist and Nobel laureate
*Vincent P. Burke CBE, 75, Newfoundland educator, member of the Senate of Canada
*Ellsworth Faris, 79, American sociologist

Died:
*King O'Malley, 95, American-born Australian politician
*William Bernard Ziff Sr., 55, American publishing executive and author, died of a heart attack.

Former Soviet politician and NKVD chief Lavrentiy Beria was “tried by special session” by the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union, convicted of treason, terrorism, and counter revolutionary activity, and executed by firing squad.
Born: John Callahan, American soap opera actor, in Brooklyn, New York City
Died: Lavrentiy Beria, 54, Soviet politician and NKVD chief, executed by firing squad

Tangiwai disaster: A railway bridge collapsed at Tangiwai, New Zealand, sending a fully loaded passenger train into the Whangaehu River; 151 were killed.

The Amami Islands were returned to Japan after 8 years of United States military occupation.
Died:
*Patsy Donovan, 88, Irish-born American Major League Baseball right fielder and manager
*William Haselden, 81, Spanish cartoonist
*Lee Shubert, 82, Polish-born American theater owner and operator

The first color television sets went on sale for about US$1,175 – RCA Model 5 Prototype, which became CT-100, and Admiral C1617A.