Daurian forest steppe
The Daurian forest steppe ecoregion is a band of grassland, shrub terrain, and mixed forests in northeast Mongolia and the region of Siberia, Russia that follows the course of the Onon River and Ulz River, and part of the northwestern China. The region has been described as a "sea of grass that forms the best and most intact example of an undisturbed steppe ecosystem and is also one of the last areas in the Palearctic that still supports stable herds of larger vertebrates" in a semi-mountainous area. The area also has flat wetlands that are important to migratory birds. The ecoregion is in the Palearctic realm, with a dry-winter subarctic climate that borders on a very cold semi-arid climate in its southwestern parts. It covers.
Location and description
The ecoregion circles around half of the Khentii Mountains, then stretches over 1,000 kilometers east of Ulan Bator into northeastern Mongolia through the semi-arid region south and east of Chita, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. A prominent feature is the Onon River flowing east through mid-sized mountains to the Amur River.Climate
Because of its altitude, distance from the ocean, and proximity to the cold Siberian High, the ecoregion has a subarctic climate, bordering on a very cold semi-arid climate in the southwest. This indicates a continental climate characterized by short, pleasant summers, and very dry, long and frigid winters, with wide differences between day and night temperatures. Mean temperatures range from to . Average annual precipitation is between in the west and in the east, with almost all falling in the warmer months between May and September.Flora and fauna
The steppe lands of the ecoregion are characterized by sedges and grasses, forming meadow steppe, herbs steppe and sandy saltmarsh steppe. Along the lake shores are salt-dependent plants and reed beds. The forests of the area are mostly Asian black birch, Scots pine, and Siberian larch. European aspen groves are found in some mountain areas.Herds of Mongolian Gazelle roam the grasslands of the region, which is at the northern edge of their territory. The broken terrain of mountains and ravines support small mammals, including the Lesser white-toothed shrew, Eurasian harvest mouse, and Maximowicz's vole. Predators include the wolf, polecat, Eurasian badger, and Pallas's cat.
Protections
The federally protected areas in the region are:- Alkhanay National Park. An IUCN class II National Park located in the Zabaykalsky Krai region of southern Siberia, covering a forested, mountainous area surrounded by steppe terrain..
- Daursky Nature Reserve. An IUCN class Ia "strict ecological reserve" located on the border of Russia and Mongolia, protecting wetlands and lakes. It is part of a World Heritage Site named "The Landscapes of Dauria"..
- Dauria International Protected Area