Cuối language

Cuối, also known as Thổ, is a dialect cluster spoken by around 70,000 people in Vietnam. It is also spoken by a couple thousand people in Laos—mainly in the provinces of Bolikhamsai and Khammouane.

Phonology

Làng Lỡ dialect

Consonants

The consonant inventory of the Làng Lỡ dialect, as cited by Michel Ferlus:

is found in Vietnamese loanwords with initial
originate in the borrowing of segments from a variety of Vietnamese that existed several centuries ago.
Vowels

Diphthongs of Cuối Làng Lỡ

Tones

There are eight tones in the Làng Lỡ. Tones 1 to 6 are found on sonorant-final syllables : syllables ending in a vowel, semi-vowel or nasal. Tones 7 and 8 are found on obstruent-final syllables, ending in -p -t -c -k. This is a system comparable to that of Vietnamese.

Vocabulary

The data is from Cuoi Cham vocabulary recordings and the Mon-Khmer Etymological Dictionary.