Comparison of file comparison tools


This article compares computer software tools that compare files, and in many cases directories or folders, whether it is their main purpose or as part of more general file management.

General

Basic general information about file comparison software. This section provides an overview of the fundamental characteristics and platform availability of various file comparison tools. The information is split into two tables for better readability: basic software information and platform support details.

Basic Information

The following table presents core information about each file comparison tool, including the developer, licensing model, initial release date, and the most recent stable version. This allows for quick comparison of the maturity, availability, and licensing constraints of each tool.
NameCreatorFOSSFreeFirst public release dateYear of latest stable version
Beyond CompareScooter Software; Proprietary19962025-12-18
Compare++Coode Software; Proprietary20102016-7-17
diff, diff3AT&T; BSD 3-clause, BSD 4-clause, CDDL, GPL, Proprietary1974
Eclipse ; Eclipse Public License2004-07-212016-09-28
EdiffMichael Kifer; GPL19942.81.4
ExamDiff ProPrestoSoft; Proprietary19982025-10-01
Far Manager Eugene Roshal ; FAR Group; Revised BSD license19962022-02-02
fcMicrosoft; Proprietary; Part of OS1987
FileMerge (aka opendiff)Apple Inc.; Proprietary; 1993 2014
FreeFileSyncZenju; GPLv320082023-10-23
Guiffy SureMergeGuiffy Software; Proprietary20002025-05-06
IntelliJ IDEA JetBrains; Proprietary20012019-08-20
jEdit JDiff pluginVarious; GPL19982020-09-03
Lazarus DiffLazarus (software); GPL20002020-07-11
MeldStephen Kennedy; GPLv2+20022024-03-24
Notepad++ (compare)Various; GPLv320092015-01-06
Perforce P4MergePerforce; Proprietary2019
Pretty DiffAustin Cheney; MIT-compatible20092019-09-02
RCompareAECS4U; MIT / Apache 2.020252025-01-26
TkdiffTkdiff; GPLv2+2003 2021-03-24
Total Commander Christian Ghisler; Proprietary2020-03-25
twdiff Bare Bones Software, Inc.; Proprietary; with TextWrangler2012
vimdiffBram Moolenaar et al.; GPL-compatible20012016-10-03
WinDiffMicrosoft; Proprietary; Part of Platform SDK19922010-05-14
WinMergeDean Grimm; GPL19982025-04-27
KDiff3 Joachim Eibl and KDE SDK KDiff3 Team GPL v2<2004 2023-01-13
NameCreatorFOSSFreeFirst public release dateYear of latest stable version

Platform Support

This table details the operating system compatibility and file size limitations for each comparison tool. Cross-platform availability is particularly important for teams working in heterogeneous computing environments. The maximum supported file size can be a critical factor when comparing large datasets, disk images, or media files.
NameWindowsMacintoshLinuxOther platformsMax supported file size
Beyond Compare> 2GB
Compare++
diff, diff3 ported to most platforms as part of SCCS> 2GB but less than 64 bits
Eclipse Anything with Java
Ediff Anything with Emacs and diff
ExamDiff Pro
Far Manager There's a beta-version of far2l, a Linux fork of FAR Manager v2 which also works on OSX/MacOS and BSD.
fc
FileMerge (aka opendiff)
FreeFileSync
Guiffy SureMergeAnything with Java> 2GB
IntelliJ IDEA
jEdit JDiff pluginAnything with Java
Lazarus DiffFreeBSD
MeldBSD, Solaris
Notepad++ (compare)
Perforce P4MergeSun Solaris
Pretty Diff Node.js
RCompare> 2GB
Tkdiff Anything with Tcl
Total Commander
twdiff
vimdiffAnything with vim
WinDiff
WinMerge 2 GB
KDiff3 as part of KDevelop or from or site as separate application. Can be downloaded from or as separate stand-alone application from FlatHub], or as GIT project or from/on .Any other Unix with KDE/KF5, Qt5 and CMake, e.g. FreeBSD & NetBSD?
NameWindowsMacintoshLinuxOther platformsMax supported file size

The landscape of file comparison tools ranges from legacy command-line utilities like diff to modern cross-platform applications with graphical interfaces. Open-source solutions such as Meld, WinMerge, and RCompare provide viable alternatives to commercial offerings like Beyond Compare and ExamDiff Pro. Cross-platform support has become increasingly common, with many tools now available on Windows, macOS, and Linux, though some platform-specific tools like FileMerge and fc remain tied to their respective ecosystems.

Compare features

This section examines the core comparison capabilities offered by each tool. These features determine how effectively the software can identify, display, and help resolve differences between files and directories.
NameShow
in-line
changes
Directory comparisonMoved lines3-way comparisonMergeStructured comparisonManual compare alignment
Beyond Compare
Compare++
diff
diff3
Eclipse
Ediff
ExamDiff Pro
Far Manager
fc
FileMerge (aka opendiff)
Guiffy SureMerge
IntelliJ IDEA
jEdit JDiff plugin
Lazarus Diff
Meld
Notepad++ (compare)-
Perforce P4Merge
Pretty Diff
RCompare
Tkdiff
Total Commander
vimdiff
WinDiff
WinMerge
NameShow
in-line
changes
Directory comparisonMoved lines3-way comparisonMergeStructured comparisonManual compare alignment

The comparison feature set varies significantly across tools. Directory comparison and in-line change visualization are nearly universal among modern tools, while advanced features like three-way comparison, merge capabilities, and image comparison are primarily found in full-featured applications such as Beyond Compare, WinMerge, and IntelliJ IDEA. Basic command-line tools like diff and diff3 focus on text comparison fundamentals, while specialized tools offer structured comparison for programming languages and binary file formats.

API / editor features

This section covers the user interface options, scripting capabilities, and presentation features available in each tool. These characteristics determine how users can interact with the software and integrate it into automated workflows.
NameGUICLIScriptingHorizontal / verticalSyntax highlightingReports
Beyond Compare
Compare++
diff pipe to diff-highlight
diff3
Eclipse
Ediff
ExamDiff Prooptional
Far Manager
fc
FileMerge (aka opendiff)
Guiffy SureMerge
IntelliJ IDEA
jEdit JDiff plugin
Lazarus Diff
Meld
Notepad++ (compare)
Perforce P4Merge
Pretty Diff
RCompare
Tkdiff
Total Commander
vimdiff
WinDiff
WinMerge
NameGUICLIScriptingHorizontal / verticalSyntax highlightingReports

Most modern comparison tools provide both GUI and CLI interfaces, enabling use in both interactive and automated scenarios. Syntax highlighting is widely supported across graphical tools, enhancing readability when comparing source code. Report generation capabilities vary considerably, with commercial tools like Beyond Compare and ExamDiff Pro offering multiple export formats, while simpler tools provide basic text output or Unix patch format. Scripting support, where available, typically uses the platform's native scripting language.

Other features

This section catalogs additional specialized features that extend beyond basic comparison functionality. These capabilities often distinguish professional-grade tools from basic utilities, particularly in areas such as archive handling, remote file access, version control integration, and specialized file format support.
Some other features which did not fit in previous table
NameZIP supportFTP supportSFTP supportVersion control browsingPatch creationPatch applicationPatch previewUnicode supportXML-aware
Beyond Compare
Compare++
diff with patch with patch
diff3
Eclipse CVS, Subversion, Git, Mercurial, Baazar
Ediff
ExamDiff Pro
Far Manager
fc
FileMerge (aka opendiff)
Guiffy SureMerge
IntelliJ IDEA
jEdit JDiff plugin
Lazarus Diff
Meld
Notepad++ (compare)
Perforce P4Merge
Pretty Diff
RCompare
Tkdiff
Total Commander
vimdiff
WinDiff
WinMerge
NameZIP supportFTP supportSFTP supportVersion control browsingPatch creationPatch applicationPatch previewUnicode supportXML-aware

Integration with version control systems is a key differentiator among file comparison tools, with many supporting Subversion, Git, Mercurial, and CVS. Archive support varies widely: Beyond Compare, RCompare, and several other tools can compare compressed archives directly without extraction, while basic utilities typically lack this capability. Remote file system access is primarily found in commercial tools and full-featured applications. Unicode support has become standard in modern tools, though legacy utilities like WinDiff and basic diff lack comprehensive character encoding support. Patch creation and application capabilities are common among developer-oriented tools, supporting workflows based on the traditional Unix diff/patch model.

Aspects

This section examines the specific file and directory attributes that each tool can compare. Beyond simple content comparison, these criteria enable more nuanced analysis of file differences, particularly important when synchronizing files across different file systems, time zones, or platforms.
What aspects can be / are compared?
NameFilename casingCRCFiledateDaylight savingCharacter casing
Beyond Compare
Compare++
diff
diff3
Eclipse
Ediff
ExamDiff Pro
Far Manager
fc
FileMerge (aka opendiff)
Guiffy SureMerge
IntelliJ IDEA
jEdit JDiff plugin
Lazarus Diff
Meld
Notepad++ (compare)
Perforce P4Merge
Pretty Diff
RCompare
Tkdiff
Total Commander
vimdiff
WinDiff
WinMerge
NameFilename casingCRCFiledateDaylight savingCharacter casing

Comparison granularity varies significantly across tools. Checksum-based comparison using CRC or cryptographic hashes provides reliable content verification independent of timestamps, though not all tools support this feature. File modification date comparison is widely available but can be problematic when files are transferred across time zones or between different file systems. Advanced tools like Beyond Compare, ExamDiff Pro, and Compare++ offer daylight saving time compensation to handle timestamp discrepancies caused by DST transitions. Character casing options allow tools to perform case-insensitive comparisons, useful when comparing files from case-sensitive and case-insensitive file systems or when case differences are not semantically significant.

Time zone effects

When files are transferred across time zones and between Microsoft FAT and NTFS file systems, the timestamp displayed by the same file may change, so that identical files with different storage histories are deemed different by a comparer that requires the timestamps to match. The difference is an exact number of quarters of an hour up to 95 if the file was transported across zones; there is also a one-hour difference within a single zone caused by the transition between standard time and daylight saving time. Some, but not all, file comparison and synchronisation software can be configured to ignore the DST and time-zone differences. Software known to have daylight-saving compensation is marked in the Aspects table.